The objective of this study was to investigate the sleep-promoting effect of lettuce varieties and especially the extracts derived from romaine lettuce. First, we were screening the sleep promoting effect of various lettuce. The seed extract of green and red romaine lettuce at the 80 and 160 mg...
The objective of this study was to investigate the sleep-promoting effect of lettuce varieties and especially the extracts derived from romaine lettuce. First, we were screening the sleep promoting effect of various lettuce. The seed extract of green and red romaine lettuce at the 80 and 160 mg/kg doses significantly decreased sleep latency compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Romaine lettuce had a higher lactucin content compared to the green and red lettuce varieties. We found that the seed and leaf extracts of green romaine lettuce prolonged the sleep duration at a low and high dose, respectively. The seed extract of romaine lettuce showed higher content of total polyphenols, compared to the leaf extract. Then, we investigated the optimum condition of green lettuce, most effected extract, for the extract by response surface methodology (RSM). As the results, among extract, ethanol extract showed the effective on sleep-promoting. The optimum extraction condition of lactucin was 6 h extraction times, 55 times of solid-liquid ratio, and 80% of ethanol concentration. In condition for lactucopicrin, 45 times of solid-liquid ratio, and 97.04% of ethanol concentration. Through prior results, sleep promoting effect was tested by pentobarbital-induced test. The romaine lettuce extract that dose of 100 mg/kg showed the effective reduced the sleep latency time and increase the total sleep time. And the sleep structure was measured by EEG analysis to investigate the sleep quality and quantity. The dose of 100 mg/kg romaine extract also showed the improve the sleep and moreover indicated the remarkable increase of NREM sleep. In insomnia rat model that induced by the caffeine, showed the alleviate effect on prolonging the sleep time. In the results of evaluated the mechanism of active compounds by antagonist (p-MPPI and flumazenil), GABAA-BDZ, and serotonin (5-HT1A) receptor were not a binging site of the active compounds of lettuce. Our studies indicate that lettuce, especially green romaine lettuce, is an interesting and valuable source of sleep potentiating material. Also, the mechanism of active compound of the lettuce by other receptors were needs to investigation near future.
The objective of this study was to investigate the sleep-promoting effect of lettuce varieties and especially the extracts derived from romaine lettuce. First, we were screening the sleep promoting effect of various lettuce. The seed extract of green and red romaine lettuce at the 80 and 160 mg/kg doses significantly decreased sleep latency compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Romaine lettuce had a higher lactucin content compared to the green and red lettuce varieties. We found that the seed and leaf extracts of green romaine lettuce prolonged the sleep duration at a low and high dose, respectively. The seed extract of romaine lettuce showed higher content of total polyphenols, compared to the leaf extract. Then, we investigated the optimum condition of green lettuce, most effected extract, for the extract by response surface methodology (RSM). As the results, among extract, ethanol extract showed the effective on sleep-promoting. The optimum extraction condition of lactucin was 6 h extraction times, 55 times of solid-liquid ratio, and 80% of ethanol concentration. In condition for lactucopicrin, 45 times of solid-liquid ratio, and 97.04% of ethanol concentration. Through prior results, sleep promoting effect was tested by pentobarbital-induced test. The romaine lettuce extract that dose of 100 mg/kg showed the effective reduced the sleep latency time and increase the total sleep time. And the sleep structure was measured by EEG analysis to investigate the sleep quality and quantity. The dose of 100 mg/kg romaine extract also showed the improve the sleep and moreover indicated the remarkable increase of NREM sleep. In insomnia rat model that induced by the caffeine, showed the alleviate effect on prolonging the sleep time. In the results of evaluated the mechanism of active compounds by antagonist (p-MPPI and flumazenil), GABAA-BDZ, and serotonin (5-HT1A) receptor were not a binging site of the active compounds of lettuce. Our studies indicate that lettuce, especially green romaine lettuce, is an interesting and valuable source of sleep potentiating material. Also, the mechanism of active compound of the lettuce by other receptors were needs to investigation near future.
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