The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase(XOase). The total phenol contents and sixteen phenolic compounds were investig...
The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase(XOase). The total phenol contents and sixteen phenolic compounds were investigated in water and ethanol extracts. In order to understand the factors responsible for the potent antioxidant and antihypertensive ability of mulberry, it has been evaluated for anti-oxidative activity using Fenton's reagent/ethyl linoleate system and for free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical generating system. The total phenol contents and total of phenolic compounds in ethanol extract showed higher levels than water extract in mulberry fruit six phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, narigin, syringic acid, quercetin, naringenin, kampferol) has a higher individual phenolic compound content in the 60% ethanol extraction than 80% ethanol extract. The inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were highest in 80% ethanol extract (9.0%). Also, activity of xanthine oxidase(XOase) inhibition appeared highest in 80% ethanol extracts and correlated well with the total phenolic content, which was modulated by the concentration of individual phenolic compounds. This result revealed, that strong biological activity was caused by specific phenol compound contents. Utilization of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit are expected to be good candidate for development into source of free radical scavengers and anti-hypertentive activity
The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase(XOase). The total phenol contents and sixteen phenolic compounds were investigated in water and ethanol extracts. In order to understand the factors responsible for the potent antioxidant and antihypertensive ability of mulberry, it has been evaluated for anti-oxidative activity using Fenton's reagent/ethyl linoleate system and for free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical generating system. The total phenol contents and total of phenolic compounds in ethanol extract showed higher levels than water extract in mulberry fruit six phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, narigin, syringic acid, quercetin, naringenin, kampferol) has a higher individual phenolic compound content in the 60% ethanol extraction than 80% ethanol extract. The inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were highest in 80% ethanol extract (9.0%). Also, activity of xanthine oxidase(XOase) inhibition appeared highest in 80% ethanol extracts and correlated well with the total phenolic content, which was modulated by the concentration of individual phenolic compounds. This result revealed, that strong biological activity was caused by specific phenol compound contents. Utilization of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit are expected to be good candidate for development into source of free radical scavengers and anti-hypertentive activity
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문제 정의
Therefore, the quantification of phenolic compounds at various ethanol concentration may influence the antihypertensive and antiradical capacity of polyphenol. This study was conducted to investigate the optimal extraction process using various ethanol concentration.
가설 설정
Here, we investigated the ability of the various extracts and total phenolics on inhibiting the activity of rabbit lung ACE. The results indicated that 80% ethanol extract had the highest ACE inhibitory activity (9.
The hydrolysis product (hippuric acid) was determined by a spectrophotometeric assay. In this study, we investigated the anti-hypertensive potential of various type of extracts of mulberry enriched for phenolic content by ethanol concentration. Therefore, the phenolic rich extracts of mul-berry may have potential as a source of anti-ACE agents for control of hypertension, a known complication of long-term diabetes and/or hyperglycemia.
제안 방법
in the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Reported TP values were adjusted for the contributoiy effect of phenolic compounds in the analysis of TP activity. Levels of phenolic compounds in ethanol extract of mulberry samples were consistently higher than the levels for the water extract of mulberry (Table 3).
Gentisic acid, cathechin, hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, hesperidin, narigin, salicylic acid, hyricetin, quercetin, t-cinnamic acid and naringenin were identified by comparing their retention times with authentic standards. Their concentrations were calculated by comparing peak areas of samples with those of the standards (Table 2) and total phenolic compounds were obtained by adding a each of the 16 phenolic compound analyzed by HPLC.
This study was conducted to examine differences in 16 phenolic compounds with both water and various ethanol concentration extract. Generally, the low ethanol concentration resulted in lower total phenolic compounds than the high ethanol concentration extract.
대상 데이터
Mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) at a commercially mature stage were obtained from the HyeJeon College, Hongsutig, Korea. Fruits were selected according to uniformity of shape and color.
데이터처리
error. Results were assessed by ANOVA and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test. Differences were considered significant atp< 0.
이론/모형
Instrumentation for HPLC analysis was applied by Lim et aL (2004). The HPLC system consisted of a Ybung-Lin M930 liquid chromatograph pump and an M720 detector (Ybung-Lin Instruments, Korea, Anyang).
Scavenging effects against free radical generation was measured by the procedure of Fugita et al. (1988). The sample solution (2 ml)was added to 2 of 60 μM DPPH ethanol solution and kept at room temperature for 30 min.
TP (total phenolic) concentrations were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay (Singleton & Rossi, 1965). Briefly, 5 of Nanopure water, 1.
2 ml) was transferred to a test tube, followed by addition of 4% BHT (50 ul)to prevent further oxidation. The anti-oxidative activity of the sample was measured using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay (Ohkawa et al., 1979). Absorbance was measured at 535 nm.
oxidase. The scavenging activity of the extract was determined by the nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction method. In this method, O2 reduces the yellow dye (NBT2+) to produce the blue formazan, which is measured spectrophotometrically at 560 nm.
성능/효과
ACE. The results indicated that 80% ethanol extract had the highest ACE inhibitory activity (9.0%) followed by water extract (8.4%) and 60% ethanol extract (8.2%) (Table 4).
The water extracts of mulberry had the highest DPPH radical inhibition activity followed by 60% and 80% ethanol extract (Table 5). The results indicated that the DPPH scavenging activity of 60% and 80% ethanol extracts was directly proportional to the total soluble phenolic content in them (Table 5). However, 20% and 40% ethanol extract showed low DPPH scavenging activity with higher total phenolic content than water extracts.
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