[논문]Acute and subacute toxicity of trichlorfon in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

Heo, Gang-Joon; Shin, Gee-Wook

Acute and subacute toxicity of trichlorfon in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) 원문보기

大韓獸醫學會誌 = Korean journal of veterinary research, v.49 no.3 = no.136, 2009년, pp.253 - 256

Heo, Gang-Joon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Shin, Gee-Wook (Bio-Safety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The aim of the present study was to determine the acute and subacute potential of trichlorfon in guppies (Poecilia reticulatus). We first defined the 24 h median tolerance limit ($TLm_{24h}$) of the fish to trichlorfon. Guppies were then treated with $TLm_{24h}$ and 1/10 $TLm_{24h}$ trichlorfon concentrations to evaluate if any histological alterations occurred. The $TLm_{24h}$ value of trichlorfon was 11 ppm. This concentration resulted in acute toxicity to the gills and kidneys with edema, hyperplasia of the gill lamellae, and vacuolated degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular cells. In the case of subacute toxicity using a 10-fold dilution of the $TLm_{24h}$ value (1.1 ppm), no behavioral changes, external lesions or histopathological changes were observed. Therefore, safe concentration of trichlorfon might be 1.1 ppm in guppy for controlling parasitic infections.

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These gill and kidney lesions therefore appear to be non-specific symptoms that occur as a result of exposure to toxicants. Based on our study and those of others, we hypothesize that the toxic effects of trichlorfon in guppies are due to dysfunction of the gill and kidneys caused by the toxicity itself and/or oxidative stress [1, 4, 8, 12].
In this study, we determined the TLm24h value (LC%) of trichlorfon in guppies. TLm24h values for trichlorfon have been reported to be 26.

제안 방법

Subsequently, several more tests were performed under a progressively narrower range of trichlorfon concentrations to more precisely determine the TLm24h concentration. Acute toxicity tests were carried out in 20 guppies treated with the TLm24h concentration for 1 day. Subacute toxicity was induced in 20 fish exposed to a 10-fold dilution of the TLm24h concentration for 7 days.
In addition, all guppies were examined for abnormal behavior and external lesions. After each toxicity test, histopathological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Briefly, live guppies were euthanized using MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate; Sigma, USA), sacrificed by medullar section, and fixed in 10% formalin for 24 h.
Prior to testing, the fishes were acclimated in the laboratory7 for 1 week in a 120 L holding tank containing 100 Lof dechlorinated tap water and were fed twice daily with TetraBits (Tetra GmbH, Germany). After fasting for 24 h, toxicity tests were performed using 25 L-glass tanks equipped with an air pump, filter, thermostat, and fluorescent lamp. During acclimation and test periods, the water temperature was maintained at 25± 1℃ and photoperiod cycles were kept constant at 12 h light/ 12 h dark.

대상 데이터

During acclimation and test periods, the water temperature was maintained at 25± 1℃ and photoperiod cycles were kept constant at 12 h light/ 12 h dark. The toxic effects of trichlorfon were examined using Neguvon (Bayer Healthcare, Korea), a 98%-pure source of trichlorfon. For acute and subacute toxicity tests in guppies, we firstly defined the 24 h median tolerance limit (TLm24h = LC₅₀), as described previously by Doudoroff et al.

참고문헌 (17)

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Acute and subacute toxicity of trichlorfon in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) 원문보기

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Acute and subacute toxicity of trichlorfon in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) 원문보기

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