[논문]순환식 병류형 유채씨 건조 시뮬레이션

한재웅; 금동혁; 김웅; 레안득; 조성호; 김훈

doi:10.5307/jbe.2010.35.6.401

순환식 병류형 유채씨 건조 시뮬레이션
Circulating Concurrent-flow Drying Simulation of Rapeseed 원문보기

바이오시스템공학 = Journal of biosystems engineering, v.35 no.6, 2010년, pp.401 - 407

한재웅 (Dept. of Bio-industry Mechanical Engineering, Kongju National University) , 금동혁 (Dept. of Bio-Mechatronic Engineering SungKyunKwan University) , 김웅 (Dept. of Bio-industry Mechanical Engineering, Kongju National University) , 레안득 (NongLam University) , 조성호 (Dept. of Bio-Mechatronic Engineering SungKyunKwan University) , 김훈 (Korea Food Research Institute)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In this study, computer simulations were conducted to assess the use of a circulating concurrent-flow dryer for rapeseed drying and to determined the effect of this drying method on the germination ratio of rapeseed after the drying process was complete. The simultaneous heat and mass transfer between air and rapeseed in a concurrent-flow dryer was examined by simulation. The drying simulation was based on several parameters with sequent time series. Equations concerning air psychrometrics, physical properties, thermal properties, equilibrium moisture content, thin layer drying of rapeseed, etc. were all combined to solve the simulation models. Based on energy and mass transfer in the concurrent-flow drying model, a simulation program for the circulating concurrent-flow rapeseed dryer was built along with a detailed description of the mathematical solution to the model. A pilot scale circulating concurrent-flow dryer(200 kg/batch) was used to verify the fitness of the simulation program. A comparison between the experimental data and the model predicted results was presented and discussed. The drying parameters and germination ratio were analyzed and the accuracy of the simulation program was evaluated. The simulation program proved to be reliable and was shown to be a convenient tool for predicting rapeseed drying and germination ratio of rapeseed in a concurrent-flow dryer.

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가설 설정

- Airflow and grain flow are plug-type and constant.
- Particle-to-particle conduction is negligible.
- The dryer walls are adiabatic and no heat loss occurs.
- The heat capacities of moist air and grain are constant over short time periods.

제안 방법

Two drying experiments were conducted. Data on temperature and moisture content were collected and energy consumption and germination ratio were experimentally calculated.
In the simulation, to solve mathematical models of deep-bed drying process, the depth bed was divided into nth thin layers with thickness △x each and dynamic heat and mass balances were set up in each section (Fig. 1), and then the model consisted in a set of partial differential equations.
The simulation program was validated by comparing the results of the program with experimental data obtained from a pilot scale concurrent-flow dryer as described. The input data for the simulation program were entered in accordance with data obtained from the actual experiment, such as initial rapeseed conditions, dryer specification, and drying air and ambient air conditions. The fitness of the simulated results with the experimental results was evaluated based on the coefficient of determination(R2) and the root mean square error(RMSE).
The objective of this study was to simulate the rapeseed drying process in a circulating concurrent-flow dryer using mass and energy balance equations and a germination equation to predict the performance of the dryer and germination ratio of rapeseed, respectively, and to validate the simulation program.

데이터처리

The input data for the simulation program were entered in accordance with data obtained from the actual experiment, such as initial rapeseed conditions, dryer specification, and drying air and ambient air conditions. The fitness of the simulated results with the experimental results was evaluated based on the coefficient of determination(R2) and the root mean square error(RMSE).

이론/모형

In the numerical analysis, the Runge-Kutta methods, also referred to as RK4, were used. The general form of the RK4 method for this problem is given by the following equations(Fausett, 1999):
Based on energy and mass transfer of the concurrent-flow drying model, a simulation program for a circulating concurrent-flow rapeseed dryer was built. The fouth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the four ordinary differential equations of the concurrent-flow drying model. A pilot scale concurrentflow dryer(200 kg/batch) was used to validate the fitness of the simulation program.
The germination tests were conducted according to protocols described by the standard germination test(Association of Official Seed Analysis, 1993). Constructional details of the apparatus and method are given elsewhere(Duc and Han, 2009).
The numerical solution for four ordinary differential equations was obtained using a MATLAB program(MATLAB 7.3.0, R2006b version) based on fourth-order Runge-Kutta methods.

성능/효과

5% higher than the measured values. The simulation program proved to be reliable and was shown to be a convenient tool for predicting rapeseed drying and germination ratio of rapeseed after drying in a concurrent-flow dryer.
4, where the data points are clearly distributed close to the perfect fit line(measured values = predicted values). This result clearly demonstrated that this novel simulation program for predicting the moisture content of rapeseed in a concurrent-flow dryer was highly accurate.

참고문헌 (15)

American Society of Agricultural Engineers S352.2. 2004. Moisture measurement-Unground grain and seeds. ASAE standards 51st Edition 582-583.
Association of Official Seed Analysis. 1993. Rules for testing seeds. Journal of Seed Technology 16:1-113.
Bakker-Arkema, F. W., D. B. Brooker and C. W. Hall. 1972. Comparative evaluation of cross-flow and concurrent flow grain dryers. ASAE Paper No 72-849.
Cassells, J. A., L. P. Caddick., J. R. Green and R. Reuss. 2003. Isotherms for Australian canola varieties. Proceedings of the Australian Postharvest Technical Conference 59-63.
Chapre, S. C. 2005. Applied numerical methods with Matlab for engineers and scientists. McGraw-Hill International Inc., NewYork.
Duc, L. A., D. H. Keum and J. W. Han. 2009. The thin layer drying characteristics of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.). Accepted for publishing by Journal of Stored Products Research Paper No. SPR-D-08-00101.
Duc, L. A., J. W. Han., S. J. Hong., H. S. Choi., Y. H. Kim and D. H. Keum. 2008. Physical properties of rapeseed (I). Journal of Biosystems Engineering 33(2):101-105. (In Korean)

원문보기 상세보기
Duc, L. A and J. W. Han. 2009. The effects of drying conditions on the germination properties of rapeseed. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 34(1):30-36.

원문보기 상세보기
Fausett, L. V. 1999. Applied numerical analysis using Matlab. Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458.
Felipe, C. A. S. and M. A. S. Barrozo. 2003. Drying of soybean seeds in a concurrent moving bed: heat and mass transfer and quality analysis. Drying Technology 21(3):439-456.

상세보기
Han, J. W., D. H. Keum., J. G. Han., H. Kim and S. J. Hong. 2006. Development of rice circulating concurrent-flow dryer (I) - Performance test of pilot scale dryer. Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 31(4):349-354. (In Korean)

원문보기 상세보기
Hong, S. J., L. A. Duc., J. W. Han., H. Kim., Y. H. Kim and D. H. Keum. 2008. Physical properties of rapeseed (II). Journal of Biosystems Engineering 33(3):173-178. (In Korean)

원문보기 상세보기
Keum, D. H. 1986. Data and equations for the analysis of rough rice drying. Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 11(2):92-102. (In Korean)
Kim, Y. H., J. W. Han and D. H. Keum. 2008. Desorption EMC Models for Rapeseed. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 32(6):403-407. (In Korean)

원문보기 상세보기
Thompson, T. L., R. M. Peart and G. H. Foster. 1968. Mathematical simulation of corn drying - a new model. Transactions of the ASAE 24(3):582-586.

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순환식 병류형 유채씨 건조 시뮬레이션
Circulating Concurrent-flow Drying Simulation of Rapeseed 원문보기

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순환식 병류형 유채씨 건조 시뮬레이션 Circulating Concurrent-flow Drying Simulation of Rapeseed 원문보기

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Circulating Concurrent-flow Drying Simulation of Rapeseed 원문보기

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