Purpose: This study was performed to define the drying characteristics of sorghum by developing thin layer drying equations and evaluating various grain drying equations. Thin layer drying equations lay the foundation characteristics to establish the thick layer drying equations, which can be adopte...
Purpose: This study was performed to define the drying characteristics of sorghum by developing thin layer drying equations and evaluating various grain drying equations. Thin layer drying equations lay the foundation characteristics to establish the thick layer drying equations, which can be adopted to determine the design conditions for an agricultural dryer. Methods: The drying rate of sorghum was measured under three levels of drying temperature ($40^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $60^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity (30%, 40%, and 50%) to analyze the drying process and investigate the drying conditions. The drying experiment was performed until the weight of sorghum became constant. The experimental constants of four thin layer drying models were determined by developing a non-linear regression model along with the drying experiment results. Result: The half response time (moisture ratio = 0.5) of drying, which is an index of the drying rate, was increased as the drying temperature was high and relative humidity was low. When the drying temperature was $40^{\circ}C$ at a relative humidity (RH) of 50%, the maximum half response time of drying was 2.8 h. Contrastingly, the maximum half response time of drying was 1.2 h when the drying temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ at 30% RH. The coefficient of determination for the Lewis model, simplified diffusion model, Page model, and Thompson model was respectively 0.9976, 0.9977, 0.9340, and 0.9783. The Lewis model and the simplified diffusion model satisfied the drying conditions by showing the average coefficient of determination of the experimental constants and predicted values of the model as 0.9976 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0236. Conclusion: The simplified diffusion model was the most suitable for every drying condition of drying temperature and relative humidity, and the model for the thin layer drying is expected to be useful to develop the thick layer drying model.
Purpose: This study was performed to define the drying characteristics of sorghum by developing thin layer drying equations and evaluating various grain drying equations. Thin layer drying equations lay the foundation characteristics to establish the thick layer drying equations, which can be adopted to determine the design conditions for an agricultural dryer. Methods: The drying rate of sorghum was measured under three levels of drying temperature ($40^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $60^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity (30%, 40%, and 50%) to analyze the drying process and investigate the drying conditions. The drying experiment was performed until the weight of sorghum became constant. The experimental constants of four thin layer drying models were determined by developing a non-linear regression model along with the drying experiment results. Result: The half response time (moisture ratio = 0.5) of drying, which is an index of the drying rate, was increased as the drying temperature was high and relative humidity was low. When the drying temperature was $40^{\circ}C$ at a relative humidity (RH) of 50%, the maximum half response time of drying was 2.8 h. Contrastingly, the maximum half response time of drying was 1.2 h when the drying temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ at 30% RH. The coefficient of determination for the Lewis model, simplified diffusion model, Page model, and Thompson model was respectively 0.9976, 0.9977, 0.9340, and 0.9783. The Lewis model and the simplified diffusion model satisfied the drying conditions by showing the average coefficient of determination of the experimental constants and predicted values of the model as 0.9976 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0236. Conclusion: The simplified diffusion model was the most suitable for every drying condition of drying temperature and relative humidity, and the model for the thin layer drying is expected to be useful to develop the thick layer drying model.
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문제 정의
Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the drying process so as to examine the drying conditions for sorghum. The drying rate of sorghum was measured under three levels of drying temperature and relative humidity, and the suitability of the Lewis model, Page model, Thompson model, and simplified diffusion model was compared to develop thin-layer drying equations of sorghum.
제안 방법
Three levels of drying temperature (40, 50 and 60℃) and three levels of relative humidity (30, 40 and 50%) were determined for drying sorghum (ASAE, 2004b). The experiment was repeated three times, and the average value from two experiments was used for the development of drying model while one experiment was used for verification. The sample was dried until the weight change of sorghum became less than 0.
대상 데이터
Air conditioner (MTH4100, SANYO Electric Ltd., Osaka, Japan) that made air in a temperature range between 20 and 70℃ (±0.3℃) and relative humidity of 30~98% (±2.5%) was used for this study.
The sample used in this study was harvested in 2015 at Jeongseon, Kangwon Province, Korea. The sealed sorghum was stored at 2℃ cold storage and was left at room temperature 24 hours before the experiment to maintain thermal equilibrium.
데이터처리
The combinations of empirical constants were determined using PROC STEPWISE of SAS 9.4 (SAS institute, Cary, NC), and the coefficient of determination and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) between the empirical constants of moisture ratio and the predicted value by the models were used for verification.
이론/모형
The Lewis model using Newton's law of cooling, Page model applied to thin layer drying experiment of corn, moisture diffusion model based on the solution of Henderson’s Moisture diffusion law, and Thompson model were selected for drying model (Kim et al., 2004).
The drying rate of sorghum was measured under the conditions of three levels of drying temperature (40℃, 50℃ and 60℃) and relative humidity (30%, 40% and 50%). The constants in the experiments were determined, and their suitability was compared by examining the Lewis model, Page model, simplified diffusion model, and Thompson model. The drying rate decreased as a tendency towards the exponential function.
Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the drying process so as to examine the drying conditions for sorghum. The drying rate of sorghum was measured under three levels of drying temperature and relative humidity, and the suitability of the Lewis model, Page model, Thompson model, and simplified diffusion model was compared to develop thin-layer drying equations of sorghum.
성능/효과
The predicted values in the Lewis model and simplified diffusion model showed a slight error at a relative humidity of 50%, and they showed good agreement at a relative humidity of 30% and 40%. In the Page model, the predicted values were fitted well with the empirical constants at a relative humidity of 50%, but they showed a significant error at 30% and 40%.
참고문헌 (17)
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