[논문]무경운 답에서 토양 물리성과 미생물 생체량 탄소 함량에 미치는 녹비작물 시용효과

이영한; 안병구; 이진호

무경운 답에서 토양 물리성과 미생물 생체량 탄소 함량에 미치는 녹비작물 시용효과
Effects of Rice Straw Application and Green Manuring on Selected Soil Physical Properties and Microbial Biomass Carbon in No-Till Paddy Field 원문보기

韓國土壤肥料學會誌 = Korean journal of soil science & fertilizer, v.43 no.1, 2010년, pp.105 - 112

이영한 (경상남도농업기술원) , 안병구 (전라북도농업기술원) , 이진호 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물환경화학과)

초록
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벼 유기농업은 한국에서 빠르게 확산되고 있다. 유기재배에서 벼 생육은 토양 물리적 특성과 토양 미생물의 기능에 크게 의존한다. 본 연구는 무경운 답에서 유기농업을 위하여 토양 물리성과 미생물 생체량에 미치는 녹비작물의 효과를 검토하였다. 시험구는 무경운, 무경운+볏짚, 무경운+호밀, 무경운+자운영 그리고 경운구를 3반복으로 죽곡통에서 2005년 5월에서 2006년 10월까지 수행하였다. 경운구는 2005년과 2006년 모두 토양 가밀도가 가장 높은 반면 공극률은 가장 낮았다. 무경운+호밀 처리구는 공극률이 가장 높았으며 무경운 처리구의 표토 관입저항은 경운구 보다 낮았다. 담수 전 2005년과 2006년 토양 미생물 생체량 탄소 함량은 무경운+자운영 처리구가 477 mg $kg^{-1}$ 및485 mg $kg^{-1}$으로 가장 높았고 무경운+호밀 처리구는 413 mg $kg^{-1}$ 및 484 mg $kg^{-1}$였으며 경운 처리구는 363 mg $kg^{-1}$ 및 445 mg $kg^{-1}$을 나타냈다. 시기적으로 토양 미생물 생체량 탄소 함량은 유수형성기에 낮아지는 경향이었다. 연구결과 녹비작물을 시용한 무경운 재배기술은 경운에 비해 토양 공극률과 토양 미생물 생체량 탄소 함량을 크게 개선하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Applications of plant residues and green manures generally improve the properties of soil under conventional farming system. Therefore, we investigated the improvement of selected soil physical properties, bulk density, porosity, and water content, soil penetration resistance, and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) content as affected by different management practices: 1) conventional tillage without rice straw or green manure crop treatment (TNT, check plot), 2) no-tillage amended with rice straw (NTRS), 3) no-tillage amended with rye (NTR), 4) no-tillage amended with Chinese milk vetch (NTCMV), 5) no-tillage without rice straw or green manure crop treatment (NTNT), The values of bulk density, porosity, and water content ranged from 1.22 to 1.37 Mg $m^3$, from 48.3 to 54.0%, and from 35.0 to 40.2%, respectively. The management practices might positively influence the changes in the selected soil properties, especially in the second experimental year. The soil penetration resistance and SMBC content were also improved after applying rice straw and green manure crops as comparing with TNT. Therefore, applications of the rice straw and green manure crop management practices under no-tillage system positively influenced soil physical properties and soil microbial activities in paddy field.

주제어

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제안 방법

5) no-tillage without rice straw or green manure crop treatment (NTNT), and the size of each experimental plot was 200 m2 (20 m × 10 m), and all experiments were conducted by a randomized complete block design with three replications.
0 cm² of conical point in area, which draws a graph of the resistance to penetration versus depth to a depth of 40 cm. The measurement was conducted after harvesting rice in paddy field.
Therefore, the objective of thisstudy was to investigate impacts of rice straw and green manure crops, rye, and Chinese milk vetch, applications on selected soil properties, bulk density, porosity, and water content, soil penetration resistance, and microbial biomass C content in paddy field under different tillage systems.

대상 데이터

Experimental site description This study was conducted at the rice paddy fields in Sacheon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, from May 2005 through October 2006. The experimental fields were located at 35°06′33″N latitude and 128°07′07″E longitude.
5℃ and 1,394 mm, respectively, during the experimental period. Soil in the study sites was Juggog series (silty clay loam: 12.8% sand, 56.0% silt and 31.2% clay) that classified fine-silty mixed, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts. Selected soil chemical properties in the experimental sites ranged 5.
The samples were dried in an air-forced drying oven at 70℃ for 72 hrs and weighed. The dried plant samples were ground using a grinding mill (RM100 Mortar Grinder, Retsch, Germany). Selected nutritional chemicals were determined using methods proposed by Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea (2000).
The experimental fields were located at 35°06′33″N latitude and 128°07′07″E longitude.

데이터처리

The results of each parameter in all five applications were subjected to analysis of variance, and treatment means were compared by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at the 5% probability level.

이론/모형

Determination of selected properties of soil Bulk density was determined by using a soil core method (Blake and Hartge, 1986a). Three replications of the core samples were taken from each plot between 5 and 10 cm depths.

성능/효과

2% clay) that classified fine-silty mixed, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts. Selected soil chemical properties in the experimental sites ranged 5.6~5.7 for soil pH (1:5), 0.16~0.20 dS m^-1 for electrical conductivity (EC), 14.3~14.8 g kg^-1 for soil organic matter (SOM) content, 24~25 mg kg^-1 for available phosphorus (P₂O₅) concentration, 0.12~0.17, 4.9~5.4, 1.8~2.0, and 0.09~0.13 cmol_c kg^-1 for exchangeable K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺ concentrations, 1.0~5.1 mg kg^-1 for NH₄⁺-N content, and 113~176 mg kg^-1 for available SiO₂ content, respectively.
In relation to soil compaction, soil porosity was also determined in the experimental plots because the soil porosity is inversely related to soil bulk density. The values of soil porosity in the experimental plots ranged between 48.3 and 54.0% in 2005 and between 49.0 and 53.2% in 2006, and they might not be also significantly different among the plots, except in TNT and NTR plots, which were the highest in the NTR plot and the lowest in the TNT plot. As relating to the bulk density and soil porosity, soil water content was also measured.
These results indicated that the management practices might not affect soil strength in the first experimental year, but from the second year the soil strength was considerably influenced by the applications of rice straw and green manure crop practices under no-tillage system at the top 20 cm depth as well as even at deeper soils.

참고문헌 (28)

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