[논문]혼자 또는 온 가족이 함께 하는 식사형태가 아동의 정신적.신체적 건강에 관한 자각증상에 미치는 영향 - 대전지역 일부 초등학생을 중심으로 -

성순정; 권순자

[국내논문] 혼자 또는 온 가족이 함께 하는 식사형태가 아동의 정신적.신체적 건강에 관한 자각증상에 미치는 영향 - 대전지역 일부 초등학생을 중심으로 -
Effect of Eating with Family or Alone on the Self-rated Mental or Physical Health - The Elementary School Children in Daejeon Area - 원문보기

대한지역사회영양학회지 = Korean journal of community nutrition, v.15 no.2, 2010년, pp.206 - 226

성순정 (충남대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) , 권순자 (배재대학교 관광문화대학 외식경영학과)

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eating with family or alone on the self-rated mental or physical health and then work out strategies of making people recognize the importance of eating with family and its practice. Study subjects were 610 primary school 5th- and 6th-grade students in Daejeon Area. A questionnaire survey was carried out. 57.9% of students had working mothers. The frequency of meal in a day was $2.90{\pm}0.42$ and this frequency was lower in students who had working mothers (p < 0.05). The frequency of skipping breakfast (times/week) was $1.02{\pm}1.77$. The frequencies of eating alone (times/week) were $1.04{\pm}1.65$ for breakfast and $0.97{\pm}1.52$ for dinner. Also, the frequency of eating alone for dinner was higher in students who had working mothers (p < 0.001). When the frequency of eating alone for breakfast or dinner was higher, the frequencies of skipping breakfast and dinner were also higher (for all, p <0.01). When the frequency of eating alone for breakfast or dinner was higher, the self-rated positive mental health were lower (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively) and the self-rated negative mental health (for dinner, p < 0.05) and the self-rated negative physical health was higher (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively), thus presenting negative health. The frequencies of eating with family (times/week) were $3.37{\pm}2.50$ for breakfast and $4.14{\pm}2.19$ for dinner. Also, the frequency of eating with family for dinner was lower in students who had working mothers (p < 0.01). When the frequency of eating with family for breakfast was higher, the frequency of skipping breakfast was lower (p < 0.01). When the frequency of eating with family for dinner was higher, the frequency of skipping dinner was lower (p <0.01). In addition, when the frequency of eating with family for breakfast or dinner was higher, the self-rated positive mental health were higher (for both, p <0.01) and the self-rated negative mental health was lower (for breakfast, p < 0.01) and self-rated negative physical health were lower (for both, p <0.01), thus presenting positive health. Therefore, in order to maintain positive health, it is necessary to recognize the importance of eating with family at home and educate people to carry out a systematic and continuous dietary life, thus increasing eating with family and reducing eating alone and skipping a meal.

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핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	특이적 징후와 비특이적 징후의 특징은 무엇인가?	심신의 건강에 이상이 초래되면 임상적으로 파악되는 특이적 징후(clinical symptoms)나 해부학적 변화가 일어나기 전에 우선 생화학적·생리적인 변화에 동반하여 비특이적 징후(unspecific symptoms)가 나타난다(Sugiyama 1995). 이는 건강상의 자각증상으로 피로감, 미열감, 머리가 무거움, 두통, 어지러움, 이명, 저림, 두근거림, 손발이 참 등이며, 몸의 어디가 나쁜지 검사를 해도 어디가 나쁜지 확실하지 않다(Health click).
	어린이가 혼자 식사하는 경향이 늘어나는 이유는 무엇인가?	최근 우리나라 어린이의 식생활은 다양한 사회경제적 요인으로 인해 급격히 변화되고 있다(Lee 등 2009). 맞벌이 부모나 학원 활동이 증가하면서 스스로 식사를 해결해야 하는 어린이가 급증하고 있으며, 식사시간에 TV를 보거나 인터넷 게임 등을 하면서 혼자 식사하는 경향이 늘어나고 있는 실정이다(Sung 등 2001). 가족의 출퇴근 시각 차이에 의한 가족과 함께 식사하기(共食性)의 결여, 주부의 취업에 의해 가족이 각각 혼자 먹기(孤食化) 등의 현상이 빈번해지고 그에 따른 영양 문제가 나타나고 있다(Sung 2001).
	인간을 건강과 질병이라는 관점에서 봤을때 어떻게 나뉘는가?	한편, 인간을 건강과 질병이라는 관점에서 보면 건강인(아주 건강한 사람), 반건강인(건강하기는 하나 질병으로 이행할 가능성이 있는 사람), 반질병인(잠재적인 질병이 있는 사람), 질병인(질병이 있는 사람)의 4단계로 나눌 수 있다. 이처럼 ‘건강’과 ‘질병’ 사이에 ‘반건강’ 상태라는 개념이 추가되어, 이 ‘반건강’ 혹은 ‘반질병’ 상태인 사람들을 어떻게 하면 ‘건강’한 상태로 이끌 수 있는가, 이것이 건강증진의 기본적인 명제가 되고 있다(Sugiyama 1995).

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