Glass ionomer cement와 혼합한 mineral trioxide aggregate의 물리적 및 화학적 성질 Physical and chemical properties of experimental mixture of mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer cement원문보기
연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 glass ionomer cement (GIC)와 혼합한 mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)의 경화 시간, 압축 강도, 용해도, pH를 평가하고 이것을 MTA, GIC, IRM, SuperEBA와 비교하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 경화 시간과 압축 강도는 ISO 9917, 그리고 용해도는 ISO 6876 기준에 따라 측정하였다. pH는 고체시편 전용 전극이 연결된 pH meter를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 경화시간은 MTA보다 유의하게 짧았으며 압축 강도는 7일간 모든 시점에서 다른 재료보다 유의하게 낮았다. GIC와 혼합한 MTA 중에서 1 : 1과 2 : 1 시편의 용해도는 다른 실험군보다 유의하게 높았다. 또한 GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 pH는 혼합직후 2-4의 범위에서 1일 후 5-7 사이로 증가하였다. 결론: GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 경화시간은 MTA에 비해 개선되었으나 압축강도 및 pH와 같은 다른 성질들은 MTA에 비해 오히려 열등한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 임상적 사용이 가능하려면, MTA의 기존 장점을 저해하지 않으면서 단점을 개선하기 위한 적절한 혼합비를 찾아내고 생체친화성을 평가하는 추가적인 연구가 필수적이다.
연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 glass ionomer cement (GIC)와 혼합한 mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)의 경화 시간, 압축 강도, 용해도, pH를 평가하고 이것을 MTA, GIC, IRM, SuperEBA와 비교하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 경화 시간과 압축 강도는 ISO 9917, 그리고 용해도는 ISO 6876 기준에 따라 측정하였다. pH는 고체시편 전용 전극이 연결된 pH meter를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 경화시간은 MTA보다 유의하게 짧았으며 압축 강도는 7일간 모든 시점에서 다른 재료보다 유의하게 낮았다. GIC와 혼합한 MTA 중에서 1 : 1과 2 : 1 시편의 용해도는 다른 실험군보다 유의하게 높았다. 또한 GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 pH는 혼합직후 2-4의 범위에서 1일 후 5-7 사이로 증가하였다. 결론: GIC와 혼합한 MTA의 경화시간은 MTA에 비해 개선되었으나 압축강도 및 pH와 같은 다른 성질들은 MTA에 비해 오히려 열등한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 임상적 사용이 가능하려면, MTA의 기존 장점을 저해하지 않으면서 단점을 개선하기 위한 적절한 혼합비를 찾아내고 생체친화성을 평가하는 추가적인 연구가 필수적이다.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the setting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and to compare these properties with those of MTA, GIC, IRM, and SuperEBA. Materials and Methods: Setting time, ...
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the setting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and to compare these properties with those of MTA, GIC, IRM, and SuperEBA. Materials and Methods: Setting time, compressive strength, and solubility were determined according to the ISO 9917 or 6876 method. The pH of the test materials was determined using a pH meter with specified electrode for solid specimen. Results: The setting time of MTA mixed with GIC was significantly shorter than that of MTA. Compressive strength of MTA mixed with GIC was significantly lower than that of other materials at all time points for 7 days. Solubility of 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 specimen from MTA mixed with GIC was significantly higher than that of other materials. Solubility of 1 : 2 specimen was similar to that of MTA. The pH of MTA mixed with GIC was 2-4 immediately after mixing and increased to 5-7 after 1 day. Conclusions: The setting time of MTA mixed with GIC was improved compared with MTA. However, other properties such as compressive strength and pH proved to be inferior to those of MTA. To be clinically feasible, further investigation is necessary to find the proper mixing ratio in order to improve the drawbacks of MTA without impairing the pre-existing advantages and to assess the biocompatibility.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the setting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and to compare these properties with those of MTA, GIC, IRM, and SuperEBA. Materials and Methods: Setting time, compressive strength, and solubility were determined according to the ISO 9917 or 6876 method. The pH of the test materials was determined using a pH meter with specified electrode for solid specimen. Results: The setting time of MTA mixed with GIC was significantly shorter than that of MTA. Compressive strength of MTA mixed with GIC was significantly lower than that of other materials at all time points for 7 days. Solubility of 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 specimen from MTA mixed with GIC was significantly higher than that of other materials. Solubility of 1 : 2 specimen was similar to that of MTA. The pH of MTA mixed with GIC was 2-4 immediately after mixing and increased to 5-7 after 1 day. Conclusions: The setting time of MTA mixed with GIC was improved compared with MTA. However, other properties such as compressive strength and pH proved to be inferior to those of MTA. To be clinically feasible, further investigation is necessary to find the proper mixing ratio in order to improve the drawbacks of MTA without impairing the pre-existing advantages and to assess the biocompatibility.
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문제 정의
The purpose of this study was to determine the set-ting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of MTA mixed with GIC and to compare these properties with those of MTA, GIC, IRM, and SuperEBA. This study was designed with the intention of improving the handling characteristics of MTA and its ultimate purpose was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of MTA mixed with GIC.
제안 방법
The powder-to-liquid ratios used in the MTA mixed with GIC group are varying in weight (Table 1). However as mentioned before, the ratios in volume are the same between the 3 groups because the scoops of same volume were used in this experiment in order to minimize the effect of amount of GIC liq-uid on the results of the experiment. If the powder-to-liquid ratios used in the MTA mixed with GIC group are adjusted individually depending on the mixture ratios of MTA powder and GIC powder, many properties including compressive strength and solubility may be improved.
This may relate to the fact that powder-to-liquid ratio for this group is too small. In this study, the same powder-to-liquid ratio by volume was used for all MTA-GIC combination groups in order to mini-mize the effect of GIC liquid between groups. However, even with smaller amount of GIC liquid, 1 : 2 group was mixed properly and set sooner in the preliminary study.
The test material was mixed and placed in circular acrylic mold (10 mm of inner diameter, 5 mm of height). The pH was measured with a pH meter(Delta350, Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland) using an electrode for solid specimen(InLab Surface, Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland) at the end of mixing, after 10 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours. This test was repeated 6 times for each material.
The purpose of this study was to determine the set-ting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of MTA mixed with GIC and to compare these properties with those of MTA, GIC, IRM, and SuperEBA. This study was designed with the intention of improving the handling characteristics of MTA and its ultimate purpose was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of MTA mixed with GIC.
Any such defective specimens were discarded. The specimens were immersed in distilled water for 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days and maintained at 37℃. Then their compressive strengths were measured using an universal testing machine (Instron, Model GB/4302, Instron Corp.
대상 데이터
Four materials were used: white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA: ProRoot MTA, Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK, USA), glass ionomer cement(GIC: Fuji Ⅱ, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), two types of reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol cements (IRM, Dentsply International Inc., York, PA, USA and SuperEBA fast set, Bosworth Company, Skokie, IL, USA).
The test material was mixed and placed in circular acrylic mold (10 mm of inner diameter, 5 mm of height). The pH was measured with a pH meter(Delta350, Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland) using an electrode for solid specimen(InLab Surface, Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland) at the end of mixing, after 10 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours.
이론/모형
One way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's Post Hoc test was used to determine any statistical differences in setting time, compressive strength, sol-ubility, and pH between the various mixtures.
The setting times of test materials were determined according to the ISO 9917 method22,23 with a Vicat appa-ratus. The Vicat indenter is 400 ± 5 g in weight with a needle having a flat end of 1.
성능/효과
After 6 hours and 24 hours, pH of MTA mixed with GIC was significantly lower than that of MTA and GIC (p < 0.01).
후속연구
Based on the previous report,27 two phenomena are observed in the spectral analysis of the setting of MTA: decrease of SiO2 and increase of Ca(OH)2. For further studies, spectroscopic analysis may be required to assess the setting reaction of MTA mixed with GIC.
However, some properties of MTA mixed with GIC like compressive strength, proved to be inferior to those of MTA. To be clinically feasible, further investigations are necessary to find the proper mixing ratio in order to improve the drawbacks of MTA without impairing the pre-existing advantages and to assess the biocompatibility.
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