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NTIS 바로가기韓國軍事科學技術學會誌 = Journal of the KIMST, v.14 no.5, 2011년, pp.920 - 931
Nerve agents are irreversible inhibitors of the cholinesterase enzyme. Exposure causes a progression of toxic signs, including hypersecretions, fasciculations, tremor, convulsions, respiratory distress, epileptiform seizures, brain injuries and death. A combined regimen of prophylaxis and therapy is...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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신경작용제의 독성원리는 어떻게 알려져있는가? | 신경작용제는 신경말단 및 시냅스에 존재하는 AChE 를 비가역적으로 억제하여, 과량의 acetylcholine(ACh, 신경전달물질)이 시냅스에 존재하게 되어서 acetylcholine receptor(AChR)를 과잉 자극함으로서 독성작용이 시작되는 것으로 알려졌다[7,8] | |
ATNAA의 특징은 무엇인가? | 기존에 운용되던 MARK-1은 atropine 주사기와 PAM 주사기로 이원화 되어 있었는데(Fig. 11의 상), 2000년대 초반에 동일한 약효성분 이면서 주사기를 단일화시킨 ATNAA(Antidote Treatment Nerve Agent AutoInjector)로 대체 개발 되었다. ATNAA에는 기존 약물 (atropine, PAM)이 그대로 사용되었으며 단순히 사용 편이성을 증대시킨 것으로 판단된다. | |
신경작용제의 해독을 위하여 중독 후 투여하는 약물은 무엇이 있으며 각각 어떤 작용을 하는가? | 전처치제로 사용되는 pyridostigmine 정제는 일정부분 (약 30%)의 효소 AChE를 비가역적으로 저해함으로서 AChE가 신경작용제에 의해 비활성화되는 것을 막아준다[6]. 중독 후에는 anticholinergic drug인 atropine이 muscarinic receptor sites를 막아주고, 2-PAM(pyridine-2- aldoxime methylchloride)은 저해된 AChE를 재활성화시켜준다[6,10]. 그러나 이 약물들로만은 신경작용제에 의해 유발되는 seizure를 막아줄 수 없으므로 생존하더라도 치명적인 뇌손상을 초래하게 된다[11,12]. |
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