[논문]A Simulation Study on a Workload-based Operation Planning Method in Container Terminals

Jeong, Yeon-Ho; Kim, Kap-Hwan; Woo, Youn-Ju; Seo, Bo-Hyeon

doi:10.7232/iems.2012.11.1.103

A Simulation Study on a Workload-based Operation Planning Method in Container Terminals 원문보기

Industrial engineering & management systems : an international journal, v.11 no.1, 2012년, pp.103 - 113

Jeong, Yeon-Ho (Department of Logistics Information Technology, Pusan National University) , Kim, Kap-Hwan (Department of Industrial Engineering, Pusan National University) , Woo, Youn-Ju (Department of Industrial Engineering, Pusan National University) , Seo, Bo-Hyeon (Department of Industrial Engineering, Pusan National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A yard in a container terminal is a temporary storage space before containers are loaded onto the target vessel or delivered to consignees. For improving the utilization of the space in the yard and the efficiency of loading and discharging operations, it is important that operation plans must be carefully constructed in advance. A heuristic method is suggested to solve operation space planning problems considering workloads on handling equipment as well as space availabilities. The operation plans in this paper includes quay crane (QC) schedules and space plans for multiple vessels considering the workload in the container yard of container terminals. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a space planning method and the performance of a new QC scheduling method using a simulation model.

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문제 정의

In the second stage, Specific locations for each group of containers are reserved. This paper focuses on the first stage of the space planning procedure. An example of the result of the space planning is illustrated in Table 4.

가설 설정

4. The simulation horizon is 27 days.

제안 방법

As the result of simulation experiments, it is proved the suggested method considering workload outperforms traditional methods. In addition, in this study, methods were provided for estimating the workloads of various resources for a yard plan or QC scheduling and availabilities of resources.
And the handling workload on each block in the yard was considered during a QC scheduling. It was tried to avoid congestion in the yard by using workload information and a block assignment method was provided. As the result of simulation experiments, it is proved the suggested method considering workload outperforms traditional methods.
The rules tested in this study were simple and thus it is necessary to test more complicated algorithms in terms of their performance and the applicability to practices. This paper considered only two types of resources in container terminals.
When the second strategy is adopted, for the space allocation of arriving containers at the next period, it is necessary to consider not only the present situation in the yard or the workload of equipment at the next period but also the workload at the moment when the containers are loaded into a vessel or delivered to road trucks in future. This study attempts to evaluate the space allocation strategy which simultaneously considers the current and the future workloads of handling equipment at storage blocks.
Three space planning methods to allocate spaces to containers are tested in the simulation experiment. The first method considers only the travel distance between the berth and the corresponding block (Distance).

대상 데이터

The container terminal assumed in this simulation study has 3 berths. 20 vessels are served in these berths. Each vessel has around 1000 containers to load into or unload from.
Each QC has a list of blocks with different priorities for assigning clusters. 45 vehicles are deployed to these QCs.
Finally, the outbound truck will move to the assigned block in the yard. For internal transportation, total 32 vehicles are deployed.
In this study, the simulation models are composed the berth area for ship operations, a storage yard for storage and retrieve operations, and a gate for in/out road trucks. The process of simulation experiments for QC scheduling and yard planning is described at Figure 5.

이론/모형

It was tried to avoid congestion in the yard by using workload information and a block assignment method was provided. As the result of simulation experiments, it is proved the suggested method considering workload outperforms traditional methods. In addition, in this study, methods were provided for estimating the workloads of various resources for a yard plan or QC scheduling and availabilities of resources.

성능/효과

Although there have been many studies which suggest QC scheduling methods and space planning methods considering workloads, they did not prove their idea in a dynamic situation similar to the real practice. This paper evaluated QC scheduling methods and space planning methods considering workloads on various resources in container terminals for the first time and showed that workload based planning methods are effective for reducing the turnaround time of vessels and road trucks. And the handling workload on each block in the yard was considered during a QC scheduling.

참고문헌 (20)

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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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