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[국내논문] 아동문제행동 예방을 위한 부모교육 프로그램의 효과 : 부모존경-자녀존중 부모교육을 기초로
The Effectiveness of a Parent Education Program for Preventing Children's Problem Behaviors : Based on Respected Parents & Respected Children 원문보기

兒童學會誌 = Korean journal of child studies, v.34 no.3, 2013년, pp.151 - 177  

도현심 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  김민정 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  신나나 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  박보경 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  최미경 (덕성여자대학교 아동가족학과)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

The present study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-week parent education program based on Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC). 124 mothers were assigned to two groups, an intervention (n = 62) group and a waiting (n = 62) group. Mot...

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질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
부모로부터 부적절한 대우나 학대를 받은 아동은 어떤 경향이 있는가? 광의의 양육행동에 속하는 자녀에 대한 부당한 대우(maltreatment)(이하, 부당한 대우)나 아동학대는 아동의 공격성 발생과 밀접하게 관련 있는 대표적 부모 행동이다(Belsky & Vondra, 1987). 부모로부터 부적절한 대우나 학대를 받은 아동은 공격성을 포함한 정서사회적인 문제와 더불어 인지기능이나 학습 면에서의 문제까지 다양한 후유증을 경험하는 경향이 있다(Brezina, 1998; Solomon & Serres, 1999). 부모로부터 신체적으로 학대받은 아동은 일반 아동에 비해 공격성이 높았으며(Manly, Kim, Rogosch, & Cicchetti, 2001; Stouthamer-Loeber, Loeber, Homish, & Wei, 2001), 정서적인 학대를 받은 아동은 분노나 적대적인 행동을 보이거나, 자기 파괴적인 경향을 보이며 또래관계에서 반사회적인 행동을 보였다(Shin & Choi, 2003).
만 3-4세 공격적 유아의 어머니를 대상으로 단계적 부모교육 프로그램의 효과를 살펴본 연구의 2가지 의의는 무엇인가? 이러한 제한점에도 불구하고 본 연구는 다음과 같이 크게 두 가지 측면에서 의의가 있다. 첫째, 본 부모교육 프로그램은 1996년 개발이 시작된 이래 수차례의 연구과정을 거쳐 개발된 독창적 부모교육 프로그램인 부존-자존 부모교육(Choi, Shin, Gu, Park, Han, & Choi, 2008; Doh, 2012; Doh & Yu, 1996; Doh et al., 2003; Lee & Park, 2010)을 기초로 완성되었다. 본 프로그램은 올바른 양육신념, 지식 및 기술을 비롯하여, 부모 자신의 정서조절과 부모와 자녀 간의 아동중심적 상호작용 방법에 관한 내용이 단계적으로 구성되어 있다. 둘째, 부모교육 프로그램의 효과와 관련하여, 어머니의 부정적 정서 및 양육행동을 감소시켰으며, 나아가 어머니의 양육효능감을 높이고 양육스트레스를 낮추었다는 데 큰 의의가 있다. 본 프로그램은 유아기 부모-자녀관계의 특성이 이후의 시기까지 장기화되기 쉽고, 이로 인해 아동의 발달에 지대한 영향을 끼칠 수 있다는 점에서 예방적인 의미가 있다. 이러한 측면에서, 본 프로그램은 영유아 보육 및 교육 현장이나 지역사회 기관에서 부모를 대상으로 실시될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 부모교육 전문가 양성을 위한 훈련 프로그램의 실제적인 자료로 활용될 수 있으리라 기대된다.
청소년기의 반사회적 행동은 언제 시작되는가? , 2012)은 유아의 문제행동 감소를 위해 부모를 대상으로 하는 중재 프로그램의 중요성을 강조한다. 무엇보다도, 청소년기의 반사회적 행동은 생후 2-3년 정도의 이른 시기에 시작된다는 점(Moffitt, 1993; Tremblay, 2000)에서, 유아기가 시작되는 만 3-4세 유아와 그 부모의 특성을 동시에 고려하는 것은 중요하다. 특히, 공격성을 포함한 문제행동은 IQ만큼이나 그 영향력을 예측할 수 있는 확실한 지표가 되므로(Huesmann, Dubow, & Boxer, 2009) 공격성과 같이 이 시기에 외현적으로 나타나는 문제 행동을 감소시키고자 하는 중재적 노력은 예방적 의미가 크다고 할 수 있다.
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