[논문]THERMAL SHOCK FRACTURE OF SILICON CARBIDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO LWR FUEL CLADDING PERFORMANCE DURING REFLOOD

Lee, Youho; Mckrell, Thomas J.; Kazimi, Mujid S.

doi:10.5516/net.02.2013.528

THERMAL SHOCK FRACTURE OF SILICON CARBIDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO LWR FUEL CLADDING PERFORMANCE DURING REFLOOD 원문보기

Nuclear engineering and technology : an international journal of the Korean Nuclear Society, v.45 no.6, 2013년, pp.811 - 820

Lee, Youho (Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)) , Mckrell, Thomas J. (Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)) , Kazimi, Mujid S. (Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT))

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

SiC has been under investigation as a potential cladding for LWR fuel, due to its high melting point and drastically reduced chemical reactivity with liquid water, and steam at high temperatures. As SiC is a brittle material its behavior during the reflood phase of a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) is another important aspect of SiC that must be examined as part of the feasibility assessment for its application to LWR fuel rods. In this study, an experimental assessment of thermal shock performance of a monolithic alpha phase SiC tube was conducted by quenching the material from high temperature (up to $1200^{\circ}C$) into room temperature water. Post-quenching assessment was carried out by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image analysis to characterize fractures in the material. This paper assesses the effects of pre-existing pores on SiC cladding brittle fracture and crack development/propagation during the reflood phase. Proper extension of these guidelines to an SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) cladding design is discussed.

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문제 정의

Hence, understanding of the CMC fracture upon quenching requires a detailed description of stress fields in each layer, flaw distributions, and crack propagation mechanisms between the layers. This study explores monolithic SiC performance upon quenching as a preliminary attempt to envision material performance of the EBC layer and the innermost monolith. Thus, it provides a building block for understanding the CMC cladding behavior.

제안 방법

The tubular SiC specimens are suspended in the air inside a quartz tube located at the center of the furnace. By employing bottom-flooding with tubular samples, this experiment was designed to demonstrate similar experimental designs/conditions that were used to establish the current Zr cladding safety criteria [13,34] written in 10 CFR 50.46. A B-type thermocouple reads the temperature adjacent to the outer surface of the quartz tube, where the SiC specimen is located.
Temperature calibrations were made between this B-type thermocouple reading and the temperature obtained by a thermocouple attached to the sample’s surface. Comparing these two temperatures, an empirical relation between the furnace temperature and the true sample surface temperature was established and used to report SiC specimen temperatures. SiC specimens were suspended inside the furnace until it reached constant temperature.

대상 데이터

Tested SiC materials are pressureless sintered α-SiC, which is characterized by considerable porosity.
The material used in this experimental study was monolithic tubular Hexoloy α-SiC with a density of 3.05g/cc, obtained from Saint-Gobain.
05g/cc, obtained from Saint-Gobain. The specimens had dimensions of 14mm OD, a thickness of 1.55mm, and a height of 13mm. The sample was received as a long tube, and was cut into the specimen size.

성능/효과

Maximum hydrogen generation. The calculated total amount of hydrogen generated from the chemical reaction of the cladding with water or steam shall not exceed 0.01 times the hypothetical amount that would be generated if all the metal in the cladding cylinders surrounding the fuel, excluding the cladding surrounding the plenum volume, were to react.
Thus, all shattered specimens are regarded as cracked specimens. The experimental results show that SiC specimen temperatures above 350℃ result in crack formation for the tested temperature resolution. For those crack inducing quenching temperatures, SiC specimens are expected to undergo strength degradation after the thermal shock.

참고문헌 (34)

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THERMAL SHOCK FRACTURE OF SILICON CARBIDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO LWR FUEL CLADDING PERFORMANCE DURING REFLOOD 원문보기

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THERMAL SHOCK FRACTURE OF SILICON CARBIDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO LWR FUEL CLADDING PERFORMANCE DURING REFLOOD 원문보기

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

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참고문헌 (34)

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