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NTIS 바로가기대한지구과학교육학회지 = Journal of the Korean society of earth science education, v.7 no.3, 2014년, pp.293 - 302
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of research project program of science process skills and science-related attitudes for high school students. This study were accompanied by 72 junior students of G High School who were reorganized as students whose research subject was closely...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
과학은 어떤 학문인가? | 현대사회를 살아가기 위해서 필요한 과학 지식은 기하급수적으로 늘어나므로 학생들이 잘 구조화하여 습득할 수 있도록 하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 과학은 자연에 대한 체계적인 탐구를 통하여 자연에 대한 이해를 추구하는 학문이므로 과학의 본질적 의미에 맞도록 과학탐구 방법과 개념 체계를 가르쳐야 한다. 특히 앞으로 미래사회를 창조해 갈 학생들에게 제공해야 할 과학교육은 과학의 지식내용 뿐 아니라 학생의 탐구활동을 강조하는 구·실험 중심의 과학교육이 요구된다. | |
과학탐구를 통해 학생들은 어떤 능력을 발달시킬 수 있는가? | 과학탐구는 과학에 대한 긍정적인 태도 및 흥미와 동기를 유발 하고, 사회적 상호작용의 질을 향상시키는 중요한 기능을 포함한다(신현화와 김효남, 2010; Veermans et al, 2005). 또한 과학탐구는 학생들이 과학적으로 사고하는 방법을 배울 수 있는 가장 효과적인 방법 이며, 문제 해결력, 의사소통 능력 및 사고력을 발달시켜 학생 스스로 과학 지식을 생성하도록 하는 유용한 방법이다(Akerson & Hanuscin, 2007). 따라서 과학교육은 탐구활동을 통해 기본개념을 이해하도록 하며 아울러 개념을 자연탐구와 일상생활의 문제 해결에 적용할 수 있도록 학습 기회를 제공해야 한다(교육과학기술부, 2008). | |
과학탐구가 학교 현장에서 하나의 정답을 향한, 과정이 안내된 탐구로 주어지면서 나타난 문제점은? | 그러나 학교 현장에서 탐구활동은 학생이 자기 주도적으로 수행하기보다는 결과를 얻기 위해 과정이 안내된 탐구로 하나의 정답을 향하여 연구 문제와 방법 등이 주어진 형태의 탐구가 주를 이루어 왔다(김재우, 2000). 즉, 교사가 설명하는 과정에 학생은 교사의 지시에 따라 맹목적으로 활동할 뿐 자신이 수행하고 있는 활동의 목적이나 의미 등의 중요한 내용을 이해하지 못하고 있다(Bell et al, 2003; Germann et al, 1996). 이러한 탐구활동은 학생이 다양한 문제를 종합적으로 탐구하는 기회 를 갖지 못하므로 학생들은 학습의 일부만 경험하고 탐구 수준이 낮아서 기대되는 효과를 얻을 수 없다(이정화, 2010). 따라서 학생들의 과학에 대한 흥미와 즐거움, 도구적 동기 유발 및 과학에 대한 가치 인식, 과학에 대한 자신감 등은 학교 급이 높아질수록 낮다(곽영순 등, 2006). |
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