선택한 단어 수는 입니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
선택한 단어 수는 30입니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
문제 정의
- In other words, assuming that the degree of colour recognition might differ as content flows from the existing light-emitting display TV to mobile devices and the size of the colour stimulus differs, this study will examine the impacts of background lightness on the size of the colour stimulus.
- This study aims to examine the tendency depending on background lightness and colour stimulus size. Based on the preceding research result that there was a tendency for the attributes of physically similar colours to be recognized differently as the size of the colour stimulus was changed, the study attempts to examine the difference in the degree of colour recognition on a light-emitting display.
제안 방법
- The R, G and B values of the target colour for which the colour has been corrected were inferred using the Piecewise Linear interpolation assuming constant chromaticity coordinates (PLCC model) as CIE XYZ tristimulus values. Additionally, the inferred values of CIE XYZ tristimulus were transformed to CIECAM02, the characteristics of colour recognition were compared and analysed and the display used for the experiment was calibrated in the D65 environment using X-Rite i1 Pro2.
- This study aims to examine the tendency depending on background lightness and colour stimulus size. Based on the preceding research result that there was a tendency for the attributes of physically similar colours to be recognized differently as the size of the colour stimulus was changed, the study attempts to examine the difference in the degree of colour recognition on a light-emitting display.
- In order to adjust the target colour for each attribute of the reference colour, they were allowed to adjust it so that it looks the same as the reference colour using the slide bar for each attribute – H (Hue), S (Chroma) and V (Lightness) – using the HSV colour space; select one background lightness out of the selected background lightnesses; and, if they finished colour matching of 30 colours (10 types of colour x 3 steps of lightness), the experiment was converted to a different background lightness for evaluation.
- In other words, with 10 typical Munsell Colours (Hue)x 3 kinds of lightness (V) applicable to the 10 representative Munsell Colours x 3 kinds of background lightness, an experiment was conducted, in which the colour was adjusted in the stimulus in a size of 2° (target colour) compared with a stimulus in a size of 10° (reference colour).
- Ten representative colours (5.0R, 5.0YR, 5.0Y, 5.0GY, 5.0G, 5.0BG, 5.0B, 5.0PB, 5.0P and 5.0RP) were selected as the colours used in the experiment among the colours in the Munsell Colour Specification System, and XYZ, the measures of physical colour of each selected colour were used after being modified to the values of CIE XYZ tristimulus corresponding to the D65 light source. As shown in Table 1, the Munsell Value (V) of each colour selected for the experiment was set to 5, 6 and 7, that is, three steps, and the Munsell Chroma (C) was set to a fixed value of 8.
- The C light source (X=98.07, Y=100, Z=118.25), the basic light source value of the Munsell Data, was changed to the values of XYZ tristimulus to which the D65 light source (X=95.047, Y=100, Z=108.883) was applied, and this is the same as the set light source value of the display to be used in the experiment.
- Therefore, under the assumption that background lightness as well as the size of the stimulus might be another variable that causes a difference in colour recognition, this study used the experimental method of colour matching, which corrects a target colour to a reference colour by comparing the reference colour with the target colour on a light-emitting display. The R, G and B values of the target colour for which the colour has been corrected were inferred using the Piecewise Linear interpolation assuming constant chromaticity coordinates (PLCC model) as CIE XYZ tristimulus values. Additionally, the inferred values of CIE XYZ tristimulus were transformed to CIECAM02, the characteristics of colour recognition were compared and analysed and the display used for the experiment was calibrated in the D65 environment using X-Rite i1 Pro2.
- In order to adjust the target colour for each attribute of the reference colour, they were allowed to adjust it so that it looks the same as the reference colour using the slide bar for each attribute – H (Hue), S (Chroma) and V (Lightness) – using the HSV colour space; select one background lightness out of the selected background lightnesses; and, if they finished colour matching of 30 colours (10 types of colour x 3 steps of lightness), the experiment was converted to a different background lightness for evaluation. The subjects were allowed to have sufficient time to adjust the target colour to the reference colour, and the experiment was conducted after sufficient adaptation was made so that they could adjust themselves to the dark room environment before the experiment. When the background lightness was changed, the same adaptation was applied so that change in lightness would not cause any bias.
- Therefore, under the assumption that background lightness as well as the size of the stimulus might be another variable that causes a difference in colour recognition, this study used the experimental method of colour matching, which corrects a target colour to a reference colour by comparing the reference colour with the target colour on a light-emitting display. The R, G and B values of the target colour for which the colour has been corrected were inferred using the Piecewise Linear interpolation assuming constant chromaticity coordinates (PLCC model) as CIE XYZ tristimulus values.
- This study analysed, through a psychophysical experiment, the characteristic of visual perception as sensitive to the lightness of light depending on background lightness as well as the size of the colour stimulus. Unlike the result of the preceding research that found the colour is recognized as lighter and more colourful as the size of the colour stimulus increases, this study found a tendency in which the attributes of the colour may be recognized differently depending on background lightness and the contrast ratio between the background lightness and the reference colour lightness, regardless of the size of the stimulus.
- To this end, it will be necessary to conduct not only an additional experiment that classifies the background lightness in a more differential way from the reference colour and specifies the difference clearly, but also an experiment on a variety of experimental stimuli. This will serve as a basis to investigate and reveal the visual characteristics of the recognition of colours in addition to the size of the stimuli based on an experiment adding other elements of environment variables as well as background lightness.
- To infer the colour values corrected by each subjet on the display with the measures of physical colours, it is necessary to analyse the characteristics of the display used in the experiment accurately and infer the values to analyse the differences in colour recognition more accurately. Thus, with the Munsell colours used in the experiment, the differences between the inferred colour values were examined using the measures of substantial physical colours and the PLCC model. Generally, Monitor Device Characterization models can be summarized by drawing a formula of interaction between the normalized Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) of each of the R, G and B channels and the corresponding normalized luminance.
- To infer the colour values corrected by each subjet on the display with the measures of physical colours, it is necessary to analyse the characteristics of the display used in the experiment accurately and infer the values to analyse the differences in colour recognition more accurately. Thus, with the Munsell colours used in the experiment, the differences between the inferred colour values were examined using the measures of substantial physical colours and the PLCC model.
- In future studies, an experiment should be conducted in which an algorithm is implemented so that it can be applied to the difference in colour recognition, which may occur when there is a conversion of the input image from a large-sized screen to a mobile sized screen. To this end, it will be necessary to conduct not only an additional experiment that classifies the background lightness in a more differential way from the reference colour and specifies the difference clearly, but also an experiment on a variety of experimental stimuli. This will serve as a basis to investigate and reveal the visual characteristics of the recognition of colours in addition to the size of the stimuli based on an experiment adding other elements of environment variables as well as background lightness.
대상 데이터
- The display used in this experiment was an LCD Monitor with a screen size of 22 inches and the maximum screen resolution of 1680 x 1050. The characteristics of the calibrated display are shown in the graph below.
- 81cm) was made, with 10° as a reference colour and 2° as a target colour, which the subject could directly control with a colour that looked the same as the reference colour. The viewing distance between the display and the subject was set to 50cm, and with 10 subjects with normal vision, the experiment was conducted in a dark room.
성능/효과
- As The experimental result showed that the relatively bigger the size of the stimulus, the lighter and more colourful the recognized colour became, while, the difference in the degree of colour recognition according to the change in background lightness played a significant role as another variable in addition to the size of the stimulus. Experimental result data were analysed using Coefficient Variation (CV), and the formula is as follows:
- It was found that, for J equivalent to lightness in CIECAM02, the lower the background lightness, the lighter the target colour as perceived relative to the reference colour, while for C equivalent to Chroma in CIECAM02, the lighter the background, the less colourful the reference colour is perceived relative to the target colour. This means that not only the bigger the size of the colour stimulus, the more different the colour becomes recognized, but also even if the size of the colour stimulus is relatively small, the colour may be recognized as more colourful or lighter depending on the background lightness corresponding to the surrounding environment.
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