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NTIS 바로가기생물정신의학 = Korean journal of biological psychiatry, v.22 no.2, 2015년, pp.29 - 33
이경민 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 해부학교실)
The brain maintains homeostasis and normal microenvironment through dynamic interactions of neurons and neuroglial cells to perform the proper information processing and normal cognitive functions. Recent post-mortem investigations and animal model studies demonstrated that the various brain areas s...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
신경아교세포란 무엇인가? | 신경계를 구성하는 세포들 중 신경세포가 아닌 비신경세포들을 총칭하여 신경아교세포라 한다. 신경아교세포 대부분은 신경세포와 마찬가지로 신경상피세포(neuroepithelialcell)에서 발생하기 때문에 구조적 혹은 분자적인 특성면에서 신경세포와 닮은 점도 있으나,6) 여러 가지 면에서 상당히 다른 특성을 가진다. | |
최근 10여년이 신경아교세포 연구에서 혁명적인 시기라고 할 수 있는 이유는 무엇인가? | 이런 맥락에서 볼 때, 최근 10여 년은 신경아교세포 연구에 있어 과히 혁명적인 시기라고 할 수 있다. 지금 우리는 별아교세포(astrocyte)가 뇌 신경세포들 간의 간격을 채워주고 이어주는 풀(glue)로서 기능한다2)는 Camillo Golgi의 주장에서 벗어나 신경세포의 기능을 직·간접적으로 지지하고 공유한다3)는 사실을 알고 있고, 수초(myelin sheath)를형성하는 희소돌기아교세포(oligodendrocyte)와 뇌에서 면역기능을 담당하는 미세아교세포(microglia) 또한 뇌의 정상기능 유지에 중요하다는 사실을 알고 있다.4)5) 이와 더불어 최근에는 신경아교세포와 주요 정신장애(mental disorders)와의 연관성, 즉 비정상적인 신경아교세포의 발현과 기능이 주요 정신장애의 발병과 증상 유발에 어떤 역할을 하는지에 대한 의문이 크게 주목을 받고 있다. | |
중추신경계에서 관찰되는 신경아교세포는 어떻게 나뉘는가? | 중추신경계에서 관찰되는 신경아교세포는 크게 세 가지로 나뉜다 : 별아교세포(astrocyte), 희소돌기아교세포(oligodendrocyte), 그리고 미세아교세포(microglia). 아래에서는 최근까지 밝혀진 각 신경아교세포의 고유 기능에 대해 설명하고자 한다. |
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