The purpose of the study was to initially investigate the concentration patterns of $PM_1$, $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ in the Seoul subway lines, and then to figure out the PM behaviors of internal and external sources inside subway tunnels. The PMs were monitored by a...
The purpose of the study was to initially investigate the concentration patterns of $PM_1$, $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ in the Seoul subway lines, and then to figure out the PM behaviors of internal and external sources inside subway tunnels. The PMs were monitored by a light scattering real-time monitor during winter (Jan. 8-26 in 2015) and summer (July 2-Aug. 7 in 2015) in tunnel air, in passenger cabin air, and in the ambient air. The daily average $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, and $PM_1$ concentrations on these object lines were $101.3{\pm}38.4$, $81.5{\pm}30.2$, and $59.7{\pm}19.9{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. On an average, the PM concentration was about 1.2 times higher in winter than in summer and about 1.5 times higher in underground tunnel sections than in ground sections. In this study, we also calculated extensively the average PM mass ratios for $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$, $PM_1/PM_{10}$, and $PM_1/PM_{2.5}$; for example, the range of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ratio in tunnel air was 0.82-0.86 in underground tunnel air, while that was 0.48-0.68 in outdoor ground air. The ratio was much higher in tunnel air than in outdoor air and was always higher in summer than in winter in case of outdoor air. It seemed from the results that the in/out air quality as well as a proper amount of subway ventilation must be significant influence factors in terms of fine PM management and control for the tunnel air quality improvement.
The purpose of the study was to initially investigate the concentration patterns of $PM_1$, $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ in the Seoul subway lines, and then to figure out the PM behaviors of internal and external sources inside subway tunnels. The PMs were monitored by a light scattering real-time monitor during winter (Jan. 8-26 in 2015) and summer (July 2-Aug. 7 in 2015) in tunnel air, in passenger cabin air, and in the ambient air. The daily average $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, and $PM_1$ concentrations on these object lines were $101.3{\pm}38.4$, $81.5{\pm}30.2$, and $59.7{\pm}19.9{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. On an average, the PM concentration was about 1.2 times higher in winter than in summer and about 1.5 times higher in underground tunnel sections than in ground sections. In this study, we also calculated extensively the average PM mass ratios for $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$, $PM_1/PM_{10}$, and $PM_1/PM_{2.5}$; for example, the range of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ratio in tunnel air was 0.82-0.86 in underground tunnel air, while that was 0.48-0.68 in outdoor ground air. The ratio was much higher in tunnel air than in outdoor air and was always higher in summer than in winter in case of outdoor air. It seemed from the results that the in/out air quality as well as a proper amount of subway ventilation must be significant influence factors in terms of fine PM management and control for the tunnel air quality improvement.
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제안 방법
In this study, PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations had been measured by a real-time dust monitor to investigate the physical characteristics of PM on 5 lines among the 9 Seoul subway lines during winter and summer periods. The subway lines were initially separated into ground and underground sections and then size-oriented PM mass ratios were calculated to figure out the behaviors of internal and external particle sources.
In this study, PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations were initially measured to investigate the physical characteristics of PM on the Seoul subway Line-1 to Line-9 during winter and summer periods. To figure out the PM behaviors of internal and external sources inside tunnels, we investigated size-oriented PM mass ratios extensively in tunnel air, in passenger cabin air, and in the ambient air.
5, and PM10 concentrations had been measured by a real-time dust monitor to investigate the physical characteristics of PM on 5 lines among the 9 Seoul subway lines during winter and summer periods. The subway lines were initially separated into ground and underground sections and then size-oriented PM mass ratios were calculated to figure out the behaviors of internal and external particle sources. We calculated extensively PM mass ratios in tunnel air, passenger cabin air, and in the ambient air.
To investigate the temporal and spatial patterns of airborne PM, we monitored the concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 in all the Seoul subway lines. Details of object subway lines are described in Table 1 including operational extension distance, number of stations operated, number of passengers carried, and train operation frequency.
데이터처리
The distributions were obtained by integrating total concentration range with respect to the frequency distribution of the PM concentration in a certain section. The cumulative distribution analysis was performed using an Excel program. The respective median concentrations of PM10 on the Line-2, 3, 6, 8 and 9 were 122.
성능/효과
As results of PM measurement in Seoul subway lines, which are mostly consisted of underground tunnels, the daily average PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 concentrations for the entire sections were 101.3±38.4, 81.5±30.2, and 59.7±19.9 μg/m3, respectively.
The results showed that the average PM concentration was about 1.2 times higher in winter than in summer and about 1.5 times higher in underground tunnel sections than in ground sections. Since PM concentration in Korea is generally highest during the winter but lowest during the summer in the ambient air, the underground tunnel air might be seasonally influenced by the ambient air.
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