[논문]공공조직의 사내기업가정신 인식이 조직유효성에 미치는 영향: 국내 공공기관 사례를 중심으로

박영상; 이우진

doi:10.16972/apjbve.11.6.201612.83

공공조직의 사내기업가정신 인식이 조직유효성에 미치는 영향: 국내 공공기관 사례를 중심으로
Effects of Corporate Entrepreneurship Awareness on Organizational Effectiveness in Public Organizations: Focusing on Domestic Public Sector Practices 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.11 no.6, 2016년, pp.83 - 98

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구는 그동안 깊이 있게 다루지 않았던 공공부문에서의 조직 내 사내기업가정신 (Corporate Entrepreneurship)이 조직유효성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 국내 공공기관 사례를 중심으로 연구하였다. 선행연구를 통해 도출된 조직기업가정신의 네 가지 요인으로 혁신추구성, 위험감수성, 목표지향성, 자율성이 공공조직의 유효성 요인인 창의성발휘, 직무만족, 조직몰입에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 실증연구를 통해 분석하였다. 그리고 조직 내 구성원의 개인적 기업가정신 요인으로 혁신추구성과 위험감수성, 목표지향성이 조직유효성에 어떠한 매개역할을 하는지에 대하여 분석하였다. 실증분석결과 공공조직에서의 사내기업가정신은 조직유효성에 부분적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 개인의 기업가 정신 함양여부 정도에 따라 조직유효성에 부분적으로 매개체 역할을 하고 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 공공부문에서 기업가정신이 조직성과에 의미 있는 영향을 미치기 위해서는 조직차원과 개인차원의 기업가정신이 공공조직 문화로 확산되기 위한 파괴적 혁신과 변화를 자체적으로 시행하는 노력이 필요하며 이를 통한 혁신과 변화를 장기적으로 지속, 발전시켜야 할 것이다. 아울러 전 국가적 차원에서 공공부문에 기업가정신 관련 정책보급을 확대하는 노력이 필요할 것이며, 향후 다양한 연구를 통해 지속적으로 공공부문에서의 업무와 분야를 바탕으로 좀 더 심층적인 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study investigated the effects of corporate entrepreneurship awareness on organizational effectiveness using a case study of a domestic public institution-something that had not been done before. The main purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship and the personal entrepreneurship of each organization member. Specifically, we studied the effects of four aspects of corporate entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, goal orientation, and autonomy-on the effectiveness of the organization with regard to personal entrepreneurship, defined by creativity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, in a public institution. We examined the mediating role of the facets of private entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, and goal orientation-on the effectiveness of organizations. In addition, we examined the correlation between the recognition of an organization and individual innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurship in domestic public institutions. We found that corporate entrepreneurship significantly influences organizational effectiveness. We also found that private entrepreneurship has partially influenced organizational effectiveness. This result indicates that specifically personal entrepreneurship in a public organization with a corporate structure contributes in part to organizational effectiveness. Therefore, the efforts made for disruptive innovation and the innovative strategies of corporates with personal entrepreneurship should be kept up for the long haul in order to influence the achievements of organizations in the public sector significantly. The need of the hour is for public institutions to disseminate and extend entrepreneurship at the national level. Furthermore, studies on corporate entrepreneurship in different fields in organizations in the public domain are needed.

주제어

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	Schumpeter가 주장한 기업가정신이란?	기업가정신 (Entrepreneurship)의 정의에 대해 많은 학자들은 다양한 견해를 주장해 왔고, 창업학 분야의 초기 연구자인 Schumpeter(1934)는 기업가정신이 창조적 파괴 (Creative Destruction) 를 통하여 기존의 균형과 틀을 깨는 과정이라고 주장하였다
	기업가정신은 어떻게 확장되고 있는가?	즉, 기업가정신을 개인이 발휘하는 것이든 기관이 발휘하는 것이든 고유한 특성을 갖고 있으며 개인적인 성향의 특성이 아니라고 주장을 하였다. 이러한 기업가정신은 개인수준의 창업가 또는 기업가일 뿐만 아니라 조직 내 최고 경영자, 관리자 및 조직 모든 구성원들도 기업가정신을 수행해 낼수 있고 조직의 규모 측면에서 벤처기업 (Start-up) 및 소기업 뿐만 아니라 중소기업과 대기업에 모두 적용될 수 있는 개념 으로 확장되어 오고 있다(Drucker, 1985b; Lumpkin & Dess, 1996; Morris & Kuratko, 2002; 이정호, 2004; 윤대혁·박민생, 2007; 고종남 외, 2012). Zahra(1996)는 조직기업가정신에 대한 정의에서 사업창출과 벤처기업 창출에 목적을 둔 혁신적이고 전략적인 쇄신과 급진적인 제품혁신 및 위험감수, 진취성을 포함하는 개념이라고 주장하였다.
	국가별 기업가정신 지수의 의미를 유추할 수 있게하는 요인은?	학자들은 조직 환경에서의 기업가정신은 개인에 의해서 수행되기 보다는 오히려 거대한 조직체계에서 수행되어 왔음을 주장하였고(Kanter, 1989; Reich, 1987), 조직의 기업가정신을 위해 개인의 노력에 초점을 맞추기보다는 오히려 기업이라는 조직을 강조해야 한다고 제안하였다(Reich, 1987; 윤종록 외, 2003). 이러한 조직 수준에서의 기업 가정신은 조직기업가정신 (Corporate Entrepreneurship)으로 정의되고 있으며, 이를 구성하고 있는 주요한 요인으로는 혁신추구성, 위험감수성, 목표지향성, 민첩성, 신속성, 유연성, 경쟁적 공격성을 포함하고 있다.

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