[논문]Effects of Neck and Trunk Stabilization Exercise on Balance in Older Adults

Song, Gui-bin; Park, Eun-Cho

doi:10.18857/jkpt.2016.28.4.221

[국내논문] Effects of Neck and Trunk Stabilization Exercise on Balance in Older Adults 원문보기

Journal of Korean Physical Therapy : JKPT = 대한물리치료학회지, v.28 no.4, 2016년, pp.221 - 226

Song, Gui-bin (Department of Physical Therapy, Yeungnam University College) , Park, Eun-Cho (Department of Physical therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science Daegu University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of neck and trunk stabilization exercise on static and dynamic balance in older adults. Methods: A total of 30 older adults participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to the neck and trunk stabilization exercise group (NTSG) (n=15) or the trunk stabilization exercise group (TSG) (n=15). The NTSG performed a trunk stabilization exercise added to a neck stabilization exercise that included biofeedback. Both groups received training for 30 minutes per day three times per week for eight weeks. The anterior, posterior limit of stability and sway length was used to measure static balance ability, while the timed up and go (TUG) test was used to measure dynamic balance ability. Results: Participants showed significant differences in sway length, anterior limit of stability, posterior limit of stability, and the results of the TUG test between their pre- and post mediation evaluations (p<0.05). The NTSG showed a more significant increase than the TSG (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, both exercises effectively improved static and dynamic balance ability. However, the neck and trunk stabilization exercise is more efficient for increasing the balance ability of older adults.

주제어

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제안 방법

Both groups received training for 30 minutes per day three times per week for eight weeks. A preliminary evaluation of each patient was conducted before starting the program and reevaluation was conducted after eight weeks.
For the trunk and neck stabilization exercise, each participant was asked to conduct craniocervical flexion training while carrying out the trunk exercises in a supine position to contract their deep neck flexor muscles when their trunk muscles were contracted. For the craniocervical flexion training, a pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) (Chattanooga, USA) that was filled with air was placed on the back of the head and upper neck of each participant.
To measure balance, a biofeedback analysis system (AP1153 Biorescue, France), which measures the static and dynamic balance of patients, healthy people, and athletes, was used. The participants were asked to stand and keep their eyes forward, were informed of the measuring method through a monitor, and were shown a demonstration before the measurement was taken. The participants were asked to stand for one minute as they maintained balance and kept their eyes forward to measure sway length based on pressure.

대상 데이터

A total of 30 senior citizens who were over 65 years old from the K Senior Welfare Center in K City were selected for the study. Each participant was randomly allocated to either the neck and trunk stabilization exercise group (NTSG) (n =15) or the trunk stabilization exercise group (TSG) (n =15).
, Hixson, USA) was used for the neck stabilization exercise. The PBU consisted of a measuring instrument, an air bag, and pneumatic pumps.

데이터처리

And Variables of balance ability were set dependent variable. An independent t-test was conducted to examine the differences between the two groups. A statistical significance level was set at p < 0.
0, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the subjects’ general characteristics. An independent t-test was used to examine the homogeneity of the participants. Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to compare of balance ability according to training period and type on groups.
An independent t-test was used to examine the homogeneity of the participants. Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to compare of balance ability according to training period and type on groups. Training group was set as the factor of between-subject, and Period was set as the factor of within-subject.

성능/효과

In results of two-way repeated ANOVA to compare of balance ability according to training period and type on groups, for sway length, anterior limit of stability, posterior limit of stability and TUG, there were no significant difference in between-subjects effect (p > 0.05).
In this study, the NTSG showed more significant improvements in their static and dynamic balance than the TSG. In addition, the TUG time decreased significantly after the exercise.
³⁵ In a previous study conducted by Falla,³⁶ the neck stabilization exercise was carried out for those with neck pain and those who did not have neck pain in order to compare changes in neck pain and the cervical vertebral and thoracic vertebrae alignment. The results of this study showed that the neck stabilization exercise group reported enhanced neck muscle strength and sitting balance. Shim et al.
Each participant was randomly allocated to either the neck and trunk stabilization exercise group (NTSG) (n =15) or the trunk stabilization exercise group (TSG) (n =15). The selection standards for the participants were those who had not fallen over during the previous year, those who had not suffered serious pain and musculoskeletal or neurological damage, those who were not on medication that might impair balance, those who had not participated in a regular trunk or neck stabilization exercise, those who were capable of independent walking, those whose Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) score was over 24, and those who fully understood the purpose of this study. The general characteristics of the participants are listed in the Table 1.

후속연구

Many elderly people participated in the study because the exercises used in this study can easily be carried out in a lying position on a broad foundation, which prevents them from falling, at home by themselves. More studies need to be conducted not only on the balance of the elderly but also on their walking abilities and how to prevent their falls.

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