[논문]3D 애니메이션 "인사이드 아웃" 분석을 통한 감성별 캐릭터 외형특징 연구

안덕기; 정진헌

doi:10.14400/jdc.2017.15.2.361

3D 애니메이션 "인사이드 아웃" 분석을 통한 감성별 캐릭터 외형특징 연구
A Study on Character's Emotional Appearance in Distinction Focused on 3D Animation "Inside Out" 원문보기

디지털융복합연구 = Journal of digital convergence, v.15 no.2, 2017년, pp.361 - 368

안덕기 (동국대학교 영상대학원 멀티미디어학과) , 정진헌 (동국대학교 영상대학원 멀티미디어학과)

초록
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본 연구는, 발전하는 3D 애니메이션 영상산업의 캐릭터 개발과 관련하여, 심리변화를 중심으로 감정의 표현방법을 위한 캐릭터의 외형별 특징 분석에 대한 연구로, 2015년 픽사의 인사이드 아웃을 중심으로 심리의 시각적 형태를 위한 5명 캐릭터의 감성별 외형 특징을 대상으로 분석논문을 진행하였다. 이를 위해 선행연구로 인간의 심리적 범주의 변화를 심리학자 Paul Ekman과 Robert Plutchik의 기본감정을 연구배경으로 선택, 이를 바탕으로 애니메이션 인사이드아웃 속 사춘기 소녀의 심리요소를 대표하는 다섯 캐릭터의 외형적 특징 요소를 감성별 표정변화와 감성별 색상변화를 심리적 관점에서 접근, 시각적인 표현의 방식에 대하여 분석하였다. 본 연구는 3D 애니메이션 제작과 관련하여 감성 표현을 통한 캐릭터 설정에 필수적인 외형 특징 연구가 필요하다고 판단, 향후 애니메이션 제작을 위한 차별화된 캐릭터 설정 및 개발에 필요한 가이드라인을 제시하는 것에 본 연구의 목적과 의의를 두었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study analyzes into the characteristic appearance in distintion with emotional changes toward visual forms of psychology along with character development in the 3D animation industry. In this regard, the study seeks to propose essential targets of the five emotional characters from the Pixar's animation Inside-Out to prove psychological effects to the character's visual appearance. As a previous research, the study analysis the visual representations oriented toward both emotional facial expression and emotional color expression using both Paul Ekman and Robert Plutchik's human basic emotion research. The purpose of this study is to present the visual guideline of emotional character's appearance through the various human expression for differentiated character development in animation production.

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문제 정의

This study finds these core emotion features are necessary to define in terms of both character developers and storyboard designers in modern animation industry. Furthermore, analysis based on these psychological emotional elements will contribute to character development research into various cultural industries such as game and advertisement industries.

제안 방법

Then the study conducted in the order of analyzing and verifying the features of two key visual elements of character's facial expression and color expression based on the aspect ratio and shape from the five psychological characters. For the reference, the study mainly focused on the analyzing the core visual expression of the psychological emotions in five main characters based on still frame images form excluding the motion of their animation.
As described above, the facial expressions of the characters show emotional differences in the total number of repetitive counts, thus it can be also confirmed through the numerical investigation of characteristics based on the emotional changes per character. For the reference, this study reveals excluding the expressionless facial emotions from the analysis to reduce the statistical error range.
categorized six basic human emotions as happiness, sadness, disgust, anger, fear, and surprise in his research in 1972[1,2]. His study uses human facial expressions and external features as core materials of analysis. The result of his human emotional analysis is divided into categorized numbers and diversified of characteristic emotions, however Ekman advised Pixar animation developer to characterize main five emotional characters since there is no shortage in defining the development the five emotional characters in the animation "Inside Out"[3].
In order to define characteristics of personality by analyzing characters, this study investigated to classify the categories of basic emotions and research method for emotional setting criteria within the significance of characters in 3D animation. Then the study conducted in the order of analyzing and verifying the features of two key visual elements of character's facial expression and color expression based on the aspect ratio and shape from the five psychological characters.
In order to simplify the rendered image of five characters with various colors, the study reconstructs developer Pixar's original "Inside Out" images into the group combination of pixels using the Photoshop program's Pixelate effect.
In this study, five characters are converted into a pixel unit images, and those pixels are classified into the group values of hue, saturation, and brightness to derive color analysis correlation.
In this way, this study indicates the five different characters based on the five emotions, then analyze how individual character's emotional tendency is effectively expressed through visual elements in the facial expression and color expression.
The purpose of this study used each characters' proportion to specify the reason of selecting the facial expression since the visual part of head and body are equally scaled.
Then the study conducted in the order of analyzing and verifying the features of two key visual elements of character's facial expression and color expression based on the aspect ratio and shape from the five psychological characters.
Therefore, this analysis study aims to present the necessary reference guideline for the advanced character development by comparing the features of the emotional appearance through the facial and color expression to represent the five emotional characters from 3D animation "inside out".
This study has reason to analysis the feature of facial expression of five characters since the scale of their faces are occupied in large percentage comparing to the body proportion. In addition, Paul Ekman, who is the psychologist and development consultation in the animation "Inside Out", had developed his research in emotion expression system which is called Facial Action Coding System (FACS)³⁾.
This study is based on emotional character's outward appearance from the body shape and theme color to define the characteristic differences of the emotional outlines in the animation.

성능/효과

In conclusion, two main emotional characters of Joy and Sadness are matching the visual target of both facial expression and color expression as the result of emotional appearance in distinction. Another emotional characters, Disgust and Fear, are matching the visual target of facial expression, but their color expressions are matching secondary color rather than primary color in emotional appearance in distinction.

참고문헌 (16)

P. Ekman, "Universals and Cultural Differences in Facial Expressions of Emotion", University of Nebraska Press, Vol. 19, pp.207-282, 1972.
P. Ekman, "An Argument for Basic Emotions", Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Limited, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp.169-200, 1992.
P. Ekman, "What Scientists Who Study Emotion Agree About", Perspectives on Psychological Science, Vol. 11, pp.31-34, 2016.

상세보기
S. R Kim, and J. H. Chung, "By Theory of Proportion the Human Body, An Analysis on Character's Proportion in Kids TV Animation on EBS", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 13, No. 10, pp. 491-499, 2015.
S. R Kim, and J. H. Chung, "By Basic Plane Figure, An Analysis Study on Appearance Type of Character in Domestic Kids TV Animation- Focus on the Broadcasting Animation on EBS", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 397-405, 2016.
R. Plutchik, "The Nature of Emotions", American Scientist, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp.344-350, 2001.
S. R Kim, and J. H. Chung, "An Analysis Study on Convergence type of Character's Subject Matter of Expression in Broadcasting Kids TV animation on EBS", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 319-328, 2015.
M. S. Kim, "A Study on the Facial Expressions and the Gestures of Emotion for the Character Animation", The Korean Journal of Animation, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp.23-42, 2015.
S. J. Hwang, "A Study on Morphological Analysis of 3D Animation Character", Journal of the Korean Society of Design Culture, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp.458-464, 2010.
S. Y. Choi, and J. C. Moon, "Game Narrative, Analysis of the Storytelling of ", The Korean Journal of Animation, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp.143-160, 2016.
Z. Z. Zhang, and J. K. Kim, "The color analysis of human character in Pixar 3D animation", Korea Society of Design Trend, Vol. 39, pp.313-324, 2013.
Robert Plutchik, "Emotions and Life: Perspectives from Psychology, Biology, and Evolution", p.381, American Psychological Association, 2002.
Paul Ekman, Wallace V Friesen, "Unmasking the Face: A Guide to Recognizing Emotions from Facial Expressions", p.232, Malor Books, 2015.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2096673/trivi
P. Ekman "Paul Ekman Home page", http://www.paulekman.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Plutchik

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3D 애니메이션 "인사이드 아웃" 분석을 통한 감성별 캐릭터 외형특징 연구
A Study on Character's Emotional Appearance in Distinction Focused on 3D Animation "Inside Out" 원문보기

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3D 애니메이션 "인사이드 아웃" 분석을 통한 감성별 캐릭터 외형특징 연구 A Study on Character's Emotional Appearance in Distinction Focused on 3D Animation "Inside Out" 원문보기

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A Study on Character's Emotional Appearance in Distinction Focused on 3D Animation "Inside Out" 원문보기

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