프로바이오틱 유산균 발효에 의한 배초향 잎 추출물의 피부 항산화 및 항염증 활성 증대 Enhancement of Skin Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Agastache rugosa Leaf Extract by Probiotic Bacterial Fermentation in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes원문보기
본 연구에서, 비발효(ARE) 및 발효(ARE-F) 배초향 잎 열수 추출물의 피부 항산화 및 항염증 효능을 비교함으로써 프로바이오틱 발효의 효과를 검토하였다. ARE-F는 Lactobacillus rhamnosus HK-9 발효에 의하여 ARE로부터 제조되었다. In vitro 항염증 효능은 지질다당류(LPS)에 의하여 자극된 HaCaT 각질세포에서 일산화질소(NO), 활성산소종(ROS) 및 유도형 일산화질소합성효소(iNOS) 분석에 의하여 평가되었다. In vitro antiradical 활성은 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) 소거 측정법에 의하여 평가되었다. LPS 자극에 의하여 증가된 NO, ROS 및 iNOS 수준에 미치는 ARE-F의 감소효과가 ARE에 의한 효과보다 현저히 강하였다. 그러나, ARE와 ARE-F의 DPPH 소거 효능에는 차이가 발견되지 않았다. ARE-F가 증강된 피부 항산화 및 항염증 효능을 갖고 있는데, 이 결과는 프로바이틱세균 발효가 배초향 잎의 일부 약리학적 효능을 증가시키는 효과적인 방법일 수 있음을 암시해 주고 있다. 요약하면, 배초향 잎 추출물의 피부항산화 및 항염증 활성이 프로바이오틱 세균인 L. rhamnosus HK-9에 의한 발효에 의하여 증강한다.
본 연구에서, 비발효(ARE) 및 발효(ARE-F) 배초향 잎 열수 추출물의 피부 항산화 및 항염증 효능을 비교함으로써 프로바이오틱 발효의 효과를 검토하였다. ARE-F는 Lactobacillus rhamnosus HK-9 발효에 의하여 ARE로부터 제조되었다. In vitro 항염증 효능은 지질다당류(LPS)에 의하여 자극된 HaCaT 각질세포에서 일산화질소(NO), 활성산소종(ROS) 및 유도형 일산화질소합성효소(iNOS) 분석에 의하여 평가되었다. In vitro antiradical 활성은 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) 소거 측정법에 의하여 평가되었다. LPS 자극에 의하여 증가된 NO, ROS 및 iNOS 수준에 미치는 ARE-F의 감소효과가 ARE에 의한 효과보다 현저히 강하였다. 그러나, ARE와 ARE-F의 DPPH 소거 효능에는 차이가 발견되지 않았다. ARE-F가 증강된 피부 항산화 및 항염증 효능을 갖고 있는데, 이 결과는 프로바이틱세균 발효가 배초향 잎의 일부 약리학적 효능을 증가시키는 효과적인 방법일 수 있음을 암시해 주고 있다. 요약하면, 배초향 잎 추출물의 피부항산화 및 항염증 활성이 프로바이오틱 세균인 L. rhamnosus HK-9에 의한 발효에 의하여 증강한다.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic fermentation by comparing the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of non-fermented (ARE) and fermented (ARE-F) hot water extracts of Agastache rugosa leaves. ARE-F was obtained via ARE fermentation using Lactobacillus rhamnosus H...
This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic fermentation by comparing the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of non-fermented (ARE) and fermented (ARE-F) hot water extracts of Agastache rugosa leaves. ARE-F was obtained via ARE fermentation using Lactobacillus rhamnosus HK-9. In vitro, anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by analyzing the levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. In vitro antiradical activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Attenuation of LPS-stimulated NO (p < 0.01), ROS (p < 0.001) and iNOS (p < 0.05) levels by ARE-F was significantly stronger than that by ARE in HaCaT keratinocytes. However, no differences were observed between the DPPH radical scavenging activities of ARE and ARE-F. ARE-F possesses enhanced skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that probiotic bacterial fermentation can be considered an effective tool for augmenting some pharmacological properties of A. rugosa leaves. In brief, the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of A. rugosa leaf extract are augmented by the fermentation with L. rhamnosus HK-9, a probiotic bacterium.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic fermentation by comparing the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of non-fermented (ARE) and fermented (ARE-F) hot water extracts of Agastache rugosa leaves. ARE-F was obtained via ARE fermentation using Lactobacillus rhamnosus HK-9. In vitro, anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by analyzing the levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. In vitro antiradical activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Attenuation of LPS-stimulated NO (p < 0.01), ROS (p < 0.001) and iNOS (p < 0.05) levels by ARE-F was significantly stronger than that by ARE in HaCaT keratinocytes. However, no differences were observed between the DPPH radical scavenging activities of ARE and ARE-F. ARE-F possesses enhanced skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that probiotic bacterial fermentation can be considered an effective tool for augmenting some pharmacological properties of A. rugosa leaves. In brief, the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of A. rugosa leaf extract are augmented by the fermentation with L. rhamnosus HK-9, a probiotic bacterium.
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제안 방법
In this work, we tried to assess the effects of probiotic bacterial fermentation on the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of a hot water extract of A. rugosa leaves in human epidermal keratinocytes. This work proposes a new possibility that Lactobacillus rhamnosus-fermented A.
대상 데이터
Ascorbic acid, bovine serum albumin, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Bradford reagent, 2',7'-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), sodium nitrite, and Griess reagent were from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (USA).
Ki-Oug Yoo, Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea. The voucher specimen of the plant material was deposited in the herbarium of the same department under the acquisition number KWNU90446.
데이터처리
The results were represented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences between experimental groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey HSD test for multiple comparisons. A p value less than 0.
이론/모형
They were twice washed with 1 ml FBS-free medium and resuspended in 1 ml FBS-free medium. The intracellular ROS levels were determined by monitoring the fluorescence using Multi-Mode Microplate Reader (SynergyTM Mx, BioTek Instruments, USA).
성능/효과
In conclusion, the skin antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a hot water extract from A. rugosa leaves were ascertained using HaCaT keratinocytes. Those beneficial potentials of the A.
rugosa leaf extract diminishes the expression of iNOS protein and the NO production in rat osteosarcoma cells activated with a mixture of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β via the prevention of the activation and translocation of NF-κB p65 to the nucleus [22]. It is demonstrated, in this work, that both non-fermented and fermented hot water extracts of A. rugosa leaves have skin anti-inflammatory activities via attenuating the NO, ROS and iNOS levels enhanced by LPS. These findings were obtained using human epidermal keratinocytes in order to focus on the skin anti-inflammatory activity of A.
A Bacillus subtilis natto-fermented extract of Radix astragali, but not a corresponding non-fermented extract, also stimulates hyaluronic acid production in both cultured primary human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, suggesting its role in preventing the age-dependent loss of hyaluronic acid content in aged human skin [28]. This work proves that L. rhamnosus can ferment a hot water extract of A. rugosa leaves to significantly enhance its skin anti-inflammatory activity. Although the underlying enhancing mechanism(s) remain to be solved, one probable mechanism might be based upon the production of aglycones or other metabolites of flavonoids and other cosmetic ingredients during fermentation.
후속연구
rugosa leaves in human epidermal keratinocytes. This work proposes a new possibility that Lactobacillus rhamnosus-fermented A. rugosa extract can be utilized as a valuable cosmetic resource.
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