This study investigated bacterial growth-inhibitory effect of 69 therapeutic herbal plants extracts on 9 bacterial strains using a disc diffusion assay. Especially, the antimicrobial activity of Psoraleae semen, which showed different activity on pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, ...
This study investigated bacterial growth-inhibitory effect of 69 therapeutic herbal plants extracts on 9 bacterial strains using a disc diffusion assay. Especially, the antimicrobial activity of Psoraleae semen, which showed different activity on pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated by MIC (minimal inhibition concentration) and biofilm formation assay. The effect of Psoraleae semen extract on bacterial cell membranes was examined by measurement of protein leakage (optical density at 280 nm) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). No clear zone was formed on discs containing Gram-negative bacteria, but Gram-positive bacteria exhibited clear zones. The MICs of Psoraleae semen extract were $8{\mu}g/mL$ for Streptococcus mutans, and $16{\mu}g/mL$ for Enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, biofilm formation was inhibited at concentration $8-16{\mu}g/mL$. Protein leakage values and SEM images revealed that cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria were impaired following exposure to the extract. Further, the extract inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in sausages. These results indicate that Psoraleae semen extract could be utilized as a natural antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria.
This study investigated bacterial growth-inhibitory effect of 69 therapeutic herbal plants extracts on 9 bacterial strains using a disc diffusion assay. Especially, the antimicrobial activity of Psoraleae semen, which showed different activity on pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated by MIC (minimal inhibition concentration) and biofilm formation assay. The effect of Psoraleae semen extract on bacterial cell membranes was examined by measurement of protein leakage (optical density at 280 nm) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). No clear zone was formed on discs containing Gram-negative bacteria, but Gram-positive bacteria exhibited clear zones. The MICs of Psoraleae semen extract were $8{\mu}g/mL$ for Streptococcus mutans, and $16{\mu}g/mL$ for Enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, biofilm formation was inhibited at concentration $8-16{\mu}g/mL$. Protein leakage values and SEM images revealed that cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria were impaired following exposure to the extract. Further, the extract inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in sausages. These results indicate that Psoraleae semen extract could be utilized as a natural antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria.
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제안 방법
The stained cells were rinsed twice with 300 μL of PBS, fol-lowed by solubilizing the cells in 200 μL of 95% ethanol, and the degree of biofilm formation was determined by measuring the OD575 with a spectrophotometer.
데이터처리
2 (SAS Institute, USA). Mean comparisons for the fixed effect were performed with the pairwise t-test, and significance was determined at alpha = 0.05.
The results were analyzed by the mixed model procedure of SAS® version 9.2 (SAS Institute, USA).
이론/모형
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Psoraleae semen extract on bacterial growth was determined using the two-fold broth micro-dilution method (NCCLS, 1997). Briefly, each bacterial strain was subcultured and was grown to mid-logarithmic growth phase in BHI broth.
성능/효과
In addition, antimicrobial activities of 69 herbal plant extracts on various pathogens including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were tested using a disc diffusion assay. Among them, only five extracts (Rubi fructus, Galla rhois, Moutan xortex Radicis, Sanguisorba officinalis Linne, and Psoraleae semen) were effective for inhibiting more than three different bacteria (Table 1). Rubi fructus inhibited growth of all bacterial strains tested in this study.
In conclusions, Rubi fructus, Galla rhois, Moutan xortex Radicis, Sanguisorba officinalis Linne, and Psoraleae semen have antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria. Among them, Psoraleae semen extract could be used as a natural antimicrobial to control the growth of Gram-positive bacteria including Enterococci, S.
aureus compared to the other bacteria. Second, structural difference of the bacteria probably causes discrepant outcome. S.
후속연구
For example, Gram-negative bacteria have outer membranes, which may prevent the extract used in this study from exerting its antimicrobial activity. However, further study is necessary to elucidate the antimicrobial mechanisms of this extract against Gram-negative bacteria.
, 2005). Thus, further study is necessary to find appropriate conditions and procedure to use Psoralea semen extract as food antimicrobial.
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