[논문]국내 사회복지사 소진 관련 연구 동향

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doi:10.15207/jkcs.2018.9.11.455

국내 사회복지사 소진 관련 연구 동향
Research Trends on Burnout among Social Workers in South Korea 원문보기

한국융합학회논문지 = Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, v.9 no.11, 2018년, pp.455 - 464

초록
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본 연구는 국내 사회복지사의 소진에 관한 연구 동향을 살펴보고 추후 이 분야의 연구 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 1996년에서 2016년 사이에 국내학술 DB에 게재된 사회복지사의 소진에 관한 연구 50편을 대상으로 연구 대상, 연구 주제, 연구방법론의 측면에서 내용분석을 시도하였다. 연구 결과, 공적 기관보다는 민간 사회복지기관에 종사하는 사회복지사를 대상으로 한 연구가 주를 이루었다. 연구의 주제로는 소진관련 위험 및 보호 요인, 소진의 결과, 소진의 기제, 소진의 매개효과 탐색 등이 있었고, 사회복지사의 주관적인 소진경험에 관한 연구도 있었다. 연구방법론 측면에서는 양적연구가 대부분을 차지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 사회복지사의 소진에 관한 연구의 주제나 연구방법론이 보다 다양화되어야 할 필요를 시사한다. 본 연구 결과는 국내 사회복지사 소진 관련 연구의 추후 연구 방향을 제시하는 학문적 함의를 가질 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study aim to identify the trends of existing scholarly research on the issue of burnout among social workers in South Korea. For this purpose, 50 domestic articles that are registered(or nominated to be) in the National Research Foundation of Korea between 1995 and November 2016 were reviewed. Content analysis was conducted with regard to the subjects of research, research themes, and the methodologies used. The findings showed that the subjects were mainly social workers providing services in private than in public settings. Major themes of the research included examining risk or protective factors, consequences of burnout, mechanisms of burnout, mediating effects of burnout on certain relationships, and subjective experience of social workers' burnout. As for methodologies used, quantitative approach was predominant. Findings of this study suggested research effort to extend scope of research subjects and methodology. Testifying more burnout-related factors would contribute to the future research as well. The results of the study will provide academic implications for future research in this field.

주제어

표/그림 (3)

표 Table 1. Research subjects by period
표 Table 2. Research themes by period
표 Table 3. Research methodology by period

AI 본문요약
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문제 정의

This article aims to provide an overview of previous studies on social workers’ burnout in Korea and explore future research directions in this field.
This study revealed that a lack of research endeavor in the areas of program development and evaluations of burnout prevention and interventions. Research[31, 32] pointed that social workers tended to cope with burnout mostly at an individual level without more systemic intercession.
Similar phenomenon was found in other related helping professional fields such as nursing and counseling. This study seems to have its value in that it provided an overall scope of burnout research and thus be able to guide directions for future research in this area. However, this study mainly took a look at the journal articles and were not able to include dissertations in its range.

제안 방법

Based on data through intensive interviews with 9 social workers, the results of the study described the definition of burnout, process and risk factors of burnout from those workers’ views.
Thus, studies that provide a more comprehensive overview of burnout research is needed. For this reason, this study attempted to analyze past research that are related to burnout. It would be beneficial in terms of providing directions and guidance for future research endeavors as well as effective prevention and interventions of burnout.

대상 데이터

The words “burnout” and “social work” were entered as search words. As a result, the total of 50 articles were chosen.
For data selection, this article reviewed domestic articles that are registered (or nominated to be) in the National Research Foundation of Korea between 1995 and November 2016. The words “burnout” and “social work” were entered as search words.

데이터처리

Third, in terms of research methodology, majority of studies adopted quantitative approaches. Out of 50 studies, 46 studies(92%) used quantitative methodology such as T-test, ANOVA, or regression analysis. Some studies[20,30] used these methodologies in order to examine more sophisticated relationships (e.

성능/효과

With the aim of better understanding burnout process, Lee[27]’s earlier study intended to test relationship among 8 job-related stressors (role ambiguity, role overload, difficulties in solving problems of clients, conflict with the clients, lack of support from the supervisor, closed communication pattern, bureaucracy, and lack of accountability), 4 mediators (job stress, professional role performance, abiding by the agency policy and partiality in service delivery), and 4 dimensions of burnout (physical exhaustion, psychological exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment). According to study results, job stress, the mediating variable of the emotional path to burnout, increased professional role performance and the abiding by agency policy, and finally increased burnout. Professional self-efficacy, the mediating variable of the cognitive pathway to burnout, was found to decrease burnout when the level of the professional role performance was high and abiding by agency policy and partiality in service delivery were low.
Another study[30] was conducted to identify relationships among job-related tension, burnout, and turnover intentions on social workers working in public and private sectors. Study results demonstrated partial mediating effect of burnout on the relationship between job-related tension and turnover intentions. In terms of analysis by period, the study result showed that there was no study conducted on this topic before 2010 and there have been few studies on this subject since 2011.
, tie between residents, community disorder) and burnout. Their study results showed that tie between residents had a negative effect on burnout while community disorder in the community had a positive effect on burnout. That is, survey respondents who perceived a higher tie between residents and the lower level of community disorder in the community in which they are working, demonstrated a lower level of burnout.

후속연구

Second, more comparative research between different groups of social workers would be beneficial as well to objectively estimate the severity or level of burnout of a particular groups. These efforts would be helpful in order to bring out more complex nature of burnout phenomenon and develop more effective customized burnout prevention and intervention approaches and programs.
However, this study mainly took a look at the journal articles and were not able to include dissertations in its range. Therefore, future research should try to broaden the scope of research for more comprehensive review.

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