[논문]Correlations between Foot Sensory Impairment, Timed Up and Go Test and Berg Balance Scale, and Mental Activities for Prevention of Falling in Elderly People

Lee, Young-Ho; Jang, Seon-Jung; Kang, Gi-Beom; Choi, Ye-Seul; Hwang, Young-In

doi:10.13066/kspm.2019.14.4.9

Correlations between Foot Sensory Impairment, Timed Up and Go Test and Berg Balance Scale, and Mental Activities for Prevention of Falling in Elderly People 원문보기

대한물리의학회지 = Journal of the korean society of physical medicine, v.14 no.4, 2019년, pp.9 - 17

Lee, Young-Ho (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University) , Jang, Seon-Jung (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University) , Kang, Gi-Beom (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University) , Choi, Ye-Seul (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University) , Hwang, Young-In (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

PURPOSE: This research was designed to study the correlations between physical activities such as foot sensory impairment, balance and ambulatory abilities, as well as fall risk factors and mental activities such as cognitive performance and depression in order to provide fundamental data for the prevention of falling in the elderly. METHODS: A total of 36 elderly people over the age of 65 years who voluntarily joined the research were selected as subjects. Sensory perception in both feet was measured by using a monofilament in 10 parts with each part given one point. The points for each foot were integrated to analyze the correlations between physical and mental activities indices, and the results were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The results of this research show that the extent to which senses in feet were impaired was correlated to TUG, a functional activity index involved in tranfers, gait, and turning movements, which was correlated to BBS (balance index) as well as MMSE-K and K-GDS (mental activities index). BBS was interrelated to FES-K (physical activities index) and MMSE-K. The muscular strength of the right ankle dorsiflexor had mutual relations with FES-K. CONCLUSION: The results of this research indicate that TUG is widely correlated to foot sensory impairment as well as general physical and mental activities in elderly people. BBS was also shown to be correlated with TUG, FES-K, and MMSE-K. Thus, it might be necessary that TUG and BBS be included as two items in physical and mental check-ups for the elderly, and further studies on correlations using evaluation items for physical and mental activities should lead to the simplification of the evaluation criteria.

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가설 설정

This study proposes the hypothesis that foot sensory impairment and physical activities such as gait, balance, and force are mutually related to mental performance such as falls efficacy. Foot sensory impairment, however, was found to be solely correlated with TUG (gait measurement: r=.

제안 방법

All subjects were asked to be examined by selecting five examination items randomly related to balance, fall efficacy, and muscular strength.
For production of Falls Efficacy, the Korean version of FES-K, which was supplemented and revised for Korean elderly people, was used. The measurement scale of each item was composed of four points (one point for “I am not able to do anything” and four points for “I am able to do everything very well”).
All subjects were asked to be examined by selecting five examination items randomly related to balance, fall efficacy, and muscular strength. For the BBS and TUG examinations related to balance, the tester carried out an examination along with a research assistant to prevent risk factors. It took 15~30 minutes to complete the BBS evaluation.

대상 데이터

A total of 36 subjects (six males, 30 females) were participated. The dominant foot of each subject was the right foot.
This research was conducted on 36 elderly people over 65 years of age. The local subjects who voluntarily joined the research resided in the Asan and Chengju areas. The inclusion criteria for the subjects were as follows: (a) Individuals who could walk independently or used assistive devices, (b) Individuals who could follow simple directions, and (c) Individuals without severe foot pain or orthopedic problems.
This research was conducted on 36 elderly people over 65 years of age. The local subjects who voluntarily joined the research resided in the Asan and Chengju areas.

데이터처리

To analyze the correlations of data on foot sensory impairment with physical and mental activities in the elderly, SPSS (ver. 20.0 for window; SPSS, Inc, Chicago, Il, USA) was utilized, with Pearson’s correlation coefficient used as a statistical analysis method.

성능/효과

It was found out that foot sensory impairment of subjects’ feet was 4.06±4.70 points on average.
The results of the correlations between foot sensory impairment as well as physical and mental activities show that the FSI of both feet had low correlations with TUG (r=.349, p=.037). Meanwhile, there was no correlation with physical or mental performance.
The results of this research confirm that the extent of foot sensory impairment in normal elderly people was correlated with TUG, which showed the most comprehensive correlations to physical and mental activities. As a result, TUG is widely related to the physical and mental activities of general senior citizens.

후속연구

96 seconds is a cut-point where recurrent falls can be expected to happen [23]. Based on this study, it is important that further analyzation of factors correlated with TUG should be executed to prevent recurrent falls. Furthermore, the extent to which foot sensations are impaired can be a cause.

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