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한국지구과학회지 = Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society, v.40 no.1, 2019년, pp.86 - 106
최준태 (강원대학교 과학교육학부) , 이기영 (강원대학교 과학교육학부) , 박재용 (서울교육대학교 과학교육과)
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The purpose of this study is to develop an astronomy education program reflecting astronomical thinking to be used at science museum and to investigate the effect of the program on the improvement of astronomical thinking ability of high school students. After selecting the components of astronomica...
| 핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
|---|---|---|
| NRC에서는 시스템 사고를 어떻게 정의하였나? | 한편, NRC(2012)에서는 시스템 사고를 “전체 시스템을 구성하는 어느 한 부분의 작동이나 변화 또는 특정한 기능이 어떻게 시스템에 영향을 주어 전체 시스템이 작동하게 되는지 이해하는 능력”으로 정의하고 있으며, 이러한 시스템 사고에는 시스템 작동 과정에서 서로 다른 각각의 요소들이 상호작용하는 것에 대한 판단과 의사결정, 시스템 분석, 시스템 평가 및 추상적인 추론 과정이 포함된다고 설명한다. 또한, Ben-Zvi Assaraf and Orion(2005)은 시스템 사고와 관련된 선행 연구들에 대한 검토 결과를 토대로 지구 시스템 내에서 물질의 순환을 예로 들어, 시스템 사고의 특성을 시스템의 구성 요소들과 시스템 내에서의 진행 과정을 식별하는 능력, 시스템 구성 요소들 간의 관계를 파악하는 능력, 관계의 틀 내에서 시스템의 구성 요소와 진행 과정을 조직할 수 있는 능력, 시스템 내에서 역동적인 관계를 밝혀낼 수 있는 능력, 자연의 순환 시스템을 이해하는 능력, 시스템의 작동 원리를 이해하고 일반화할 수 있는 능력, 시스템의 숨겨진 차원 이해하기, 시간적 사고(회상과 예측) 능력 등 8가지 능력으로 구분하여 정리하였다. | |
| 학습자가 천문 시스템을 학습할 때 사용하는 시스템 사고는 어떻게 정의되는가? | Maeng et al.(2014)은 이들의 연구가 천문 시스템에서 천체들 간의 구조를 이해하는 과정에서 부분적으로 재구성되어 적용될 수 있다고 보았으며, 이를 통해 학습자가 천문 시스템을 학습할 때 활용하는 시스템 사고를 “천문 시스템 내에서 천문 현상의 패턴을 이해하고, 시스템 구성 요소들 간의 상호 관계를 이해하며, 각 구성 요소들의 부분적인 정보를 전체적으로 종합하여 시스템의 규모와 비율 및 변화를 이해하고 설명할 수 있는 모델을 구성하는 과정”으로 정의하였다. |
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