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NTIS 바로가기디지털융복합연구 = Journal of digital convergence, v.18 no.1, 2020년, pp.59 - 71
양정남 (동신대학교 사회복지학과) , 최은정 (동신대학교 사회복지학과) , 김화선 (혜윰심리상담연구소)
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of empathy in relation to contact experience of the elderly and their knowledge level of ageing. For this study data was collected from 20th Dec. to 30th of Dec. 2018 355 university students from D university in J. province were surveyed...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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노인차별인식은 어떤 안좋은 영향을 미치는가? | 노인차별인식은 노인의 사회적 계층화를 심화시키며[5], 노인 개인의 정체감과 삶의 질에 부정적 영향을 미친다[6]. 최근 연구에 따르면 노인 자신이 갖는 노화에 대한 부정적 인식은 수명과 신체적 질병 및 정신건강에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다[7]. | |
노인이 느끼는 노인차별 인식은 어떤 문제를 초래하는가? | 최근 연구에 따르면 노인 자신이 갖는 노화에 대한 부정적 인식은 수명과 신체적 질병 및 정신건강에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다[7]. 노인이 느끼는 노인차별 인식은 세대 간의 분리와 갈등을 초래하여 사회통합에 저해요인이 되며[8, 9], 윤리적ㆍ법적 문제를 초래하기도 한다. 또한 노인차별은 노인자살이나 노인학대 및 방임과 같은 노인문제와 관련되어 있어서[10, 11] 중요한 사회문제 중 하나로 등장하였다. | |
노인접촉경험과 노화지식을 확장하고 공감능력을 기르기 위해 어떤 방향을 제시하는가? | 첫째, 대학생들이 노화에 대한 정확한 지식을 습득하기 위해 정규교과 또는 비교과 교육과정에 노화관련 교육내용이 포함되어야 한다. 특히 노년학이나 노화과정을 다루는 교과목의 수강을 권장하고, 노인에 대한 부정적인식과 차별행동을 감소시키기 위한 노인차별인식 예방 프로그램이 마련되어야 한다. 또한 공적 및 사적영역에서 일어날 수 있는 노인차별 행동에 대해 인지하고 이를 예방할 수 있는 실질적인 교육프로그램이 시급하다[5]. 둘째, 공감능력의 매개효과가 확인되었으므로, 대학생의 노인에 대한 공감능력을 증진시키기 위한 교육 및 훈련이 필요하다. 공감능력은 훈련을 통해 가능한 인간관계기술로 알려져 왔기 때문에[104] 노인에 대한 직접 또는 간접경험을 통해 공감능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 다양한 활동과 프로그램 개발이 필요하다. 셋째, 대학생에게 노인과 접촉할 수 있는 시간과 질을 증진시킬 수 있는 구체적인 프로그램 개발이 요구된다. 선행연구에 따르면 노인과의 질적 접촉을 통한 관계형성이 노인에 대한 태도변화에 기여한다고 하였으므로[98], 효과적이고 실현가능한 프로그램 개발이 절실하다. 노인접촉과 관련된 활동으로는 노인복지기관 자원봉사프로그램, 노인가정방문, 노인마을공동체 활성화 지원, 말벗서비스, 노인자조모임 지원, 노인의 컴퓨터나 스마트폰 사용지원, 세대 간 멘토링, SNS를 통한 소통 프로그램 개발, 여가를 통한 세대 간 다양한 접촉프로그램 등을 활용할 수 있겠다. 넷째, 노인복지기관이나 사회복지관련 실무영역에서는 지역사회 대학생이나 자원봉사자들을 대상으로 노인에 대한 긍정적 인식을 확장하도록 하는 교육프로그램이 시행되어야 한다. 실제로 김수영 등의 세대교육프로그램[67]이나 국외의 세대 간 공동주거정책[99] 등은 젊은 세대와 노인의 교류를 통해 세대 간 통합과 연대를 이끌어내는 데 효과가 있다고 검증된 프로그램들이다. 만약 이러한 프로그램이 적극 실행되도록 사회 각 분야의 다각적 지원과 인프라가 구축되어 정책들이 시행된다면 대학생들의 노인에 대한 긍정적 인식 강화뿐 만 아니라 향후 자신의 노화과정을 더 잘 수용하게 될 것으로 사료된다[100]. 마지막으로 우리 사회의 인구고령화에 따른 갈등요소인 노인차별인식 예방을 위해서는 노인차별에 대한 법적 규제 및 규정도 마련되어야 한다. 우리나라의 경우 2009년 연령차별금지법이 제정되어 법적근거가 마련되었으나[101], 이는 구직이나 고용 시에 연령 차별 방지에 중점을 두고 있어서 우리사회 전반에 만연되어 있는 노인차별을 다루기에는 역부족이고 여전히 노인차별의 사각지대는 존재한다. 실효성 있는 법 적용으로 인하여 노인차별이 감소될 수 있다는 연구결과들을[17] 반영하여 우리나라도 복지관련 정책입안자들의 노인차별인식을 개선하고 법적근거 보완에 관심을 가져야 할 것이다. |
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