[논문]자녀를 양육하는 북한이탈 기혼여성의 직장생활 체험에 관한 해석학적 현상학적 연구

조현미; 최은정

doi:10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.39

[국내논문] 자녀를 양육하는 북한이탈 기혼여성의 직장생활 체험에 관한 해석학적 현상학적 연구
Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study on the Experiences of Employment of Married North Korean Women Defectors Rearing Children 원문보기

Journal of Korean academy of nursing = 대한간호학회지, v.50 no.1, 2020년, pp.39 - 51

조현미 (고신대학교 복음병원 간호부) , 최은정 (고신대학교 간호대학)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the experiences of married North Korean women's child-rearing, working lives, and their home and work environment in depth. Methods: This study adopted van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological method to qualitatively analyze data. The participants were 8 married North Korean women defectors. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations from July 4 to August 20, 2018. Results: Nine essential themes emerged: more personal challenges after overcoming a life-threatening crisis; hopes of firmly settling in this land; the wound from the north, which chased them here; a body that becomes stronger through hardship; being stuck in a past full of anxiety and pain; the present is full of hope; hope for the future; sense of alienation from coworkers that cannot be overcome; and sense of power to endure an exhausting work life. Conclusion: This study provided a broader understanding of the life and experiences of married women from North Korea. It highlights the need for nurses to recognize their importance in nursing care. The study also suggests that academic and practical approaches for nursing, and basic data for a nursing intervention for married women from North Korea be provided. The study findings can be used as a basis for preparing a national policy that will help North Korean defectors to find employment and gain stability.

Keyword

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	2018년 9월 통일부에서 발표한 북한이탈주민 중 남한입국자 중 여성은 몇 퍼센트인가?	2018년 9월 통일부에서 발표한 북한이탈주민 중 남한입국자 누적수는 약 32,523여명이며[1], 그중 여성이 72.1%로 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다[1,2]. 이는 다양해진 탈북경로와 장기간 이동하는데 있어 여성이 남성보다 유리할 수 있기 때문에 북한이탈여성의 입국비율이 높은 것으로 파악되고 있다[3].
	북한이탈주민 중 여성이 남성보다 더 많은 이유는?	1%로 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다[1,2]. 이는 다양해진 탈북경로와 장기간 이동하는데 있어 여성이 남성보다 유리할 수 있기 때문에 북한이탈여성의 입국비율이 높은 것으로 파악되고 있다[3]. 이것은 여성이 북한이탈시 제3국을 경유하는 경우 중국인과의 사실혼 관계 등이 국경이동을 수월하게 해주는 점과[4] 여성이 남성보다 은닉이 쉽고, 중국에서 여성의 수요가 있다는 점[5] 때문일 것이라고 보고 있다.
	북한이탈 기혼 여성들이 심리적 어려움이 원인이 되어 나타나는 문제점은?	이러한 자녀상실의 죄책감 및 모성역할의 힘겨움은 북한이탈남성이나 미혼여성에 비해 북한이탈 기혼여성들에게 더욱 복잡하고 고통이 가중된 상황을 안겨줄 수 있다. 또한 심리적 어려움이 원인이 되어 신체화 증상 및 외상 후 스트레스 증후군을 경험하기도 하면서 직장생활 유지와 적응적 삶으로의 변화에 장애물로 작용하는 악순환의 고리를 만든다[7]. 이와 같은 현실은 북한이탈 기혼여성의 삶에 대한 깊은 이해와 접근이 필요함을 반영한다.

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