[논문]혈액투석환자의 식생활 실천에 관한 질적 연구

박희정; 장은영; 조우균

doi:10.7318/kjfc/2020.35.2.201

혈액투석환자의 식생활 실천에 관한 질적 연구
Qualitative Study on Dietary Practices of Hemodialysis Patients 원문보기

韓國食生活文化學會誌 = Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture, v.35 no.2, 2020년, pp.201 - 214

박희정 (유한대학교 식품영양학과) , 장은영 (가천대학교 특수치료대학원 임상영양학과, 센트럴병원) , 조우균 (가천대학교 식품영양학과)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study was a qualitative investigation into hemodialysis patients' dietary practices. The purpose of this study was to explore the obstacles and requirements to maintain a recommended diet therapy in hemodialysis patients. Five patients undergoing hemodialysis in the renal chamber of the general hospital were interviewed individually. The interviews were based on an interview guide and analyzed by Giorgi's method of analysis. As a result of this study, five elemental factors and 12 subelemental factors were derived. Derived elements were "difficulty in dietary guidelines", "recognizing necessity of diet therapy", "awareness of importance of diet", "difficulty practicing diet therapy", and "looking for ways to practice diet therapy". Patients not only felt difficulties in practicing dietary guidelines but also recognized the need and importance of diet therapy. Patients seemed to have difficulty practicing meal therapy and eating with their families or others. They were also stressed by the limited selection of dietary components and rapid dietary changes before and after dialysis. However, patients showed a willingness to implement dietary management to improve their quality of life and to practice dietary therapy. In order to improve the practice of dietary management in hemodialysis patients, nutritional education should be focused on long-term dietary habits through continuous education and monitoring, not just one-off education. Moreover, patients should be educated that adherence to dietary control may be less burdensome on their families.

주제어

표/그림 (3)

표 List of questionnaires
표 Participants' characteristics
표 Elemental of hemodialysis patient related to dietary therapy

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	혈액투석 환자에게 일어나는 인지와 실천 사이의 부정적 반복과정은 무엇인가?	본 연구는 혈액투석 환자의 식생활 경험을 통하여 이들이 식이요법 실천에 어려움을 겪게 되는 장애요인이 무엇인지환자의 관점에서 바라보고자 하였다. 혈액투석 전과 후의 식생활 변화가 컸으며 투석이 시작되면서 시행되는 식이요법의 지침과 내용의 어려움으로 구체적인 실천으로 이어지지 못하는 어려움을 겪고 있었다. 식이요법을 실천하지 못함으로 인해 생기는 신체적, 정신적인 고통과 변화를 경험하게되면서 중요성을 인식하여 실천방안을 모색해보지만 결국 실패하게 되는 반복 과정을 겪고 있었다. 기본적으로 영양교육은 국내외 모두 1회/6개월 혹은 1회/1년의 교육이 진행되어 전반적으로 영양교육의 기간과 횟수가 적은 것으로 판단되고, 투석을 시작하는 시점에 시행되는 교육은 환자 개개인의 상황이나 상태를 고려하지 않은 일괄적인 교육 내용을 전달하다보니 환자마다 습득 및 이해의 차이가 컸으며 이는 곧 식이요법의 실천을 어렵게하는 시작점이기도 하였다.
	질적 연구란 무엇인가?	한편, 질적 연구는 연구 참여자의 체험을 통하여 그 경험을 해석하고 재구성하는 방법론을 말하며, 실제의 현상과 과정 등을 이해하기 위한 풍부한 자료수집에 적합한 연구방법으로 활용된다(Erlandson et al. 1993).
	혈액투석 환자에게 식생활 제한이 필요한 이유는 무엇인가?	혈액투석 환자는 투석을 통하여 노폐물을 완벽히 제거하기가 힘들기 때문에 식생활 제한이 필요하고(Lee et al. 2013), 특히 칼륨, 인, 염분, 수분의 과다 섭취를 제한하고, 적절한 단백질 섭취를 권장하게 된다(Smith et al.

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