[논문]국산 침엽수의 방사, 접선단면의 투습성 평가와 개선방안에 관한 연구

KIM, Joon Ho; YANG, Seung Min; LEE, Hyun Jae; PARK, Ki Hyung; KANG, Seog Goo

doi:10.5658/wood.2020.48.6.832

국산 침엽수의 방사, 접선단면의 투습성 평가와 개선방안에 관한 연구
A Study on the Evaluation and Improvement of Permeability in Radial and Tangential Section of Domestic Softwoods 원문보기

목재공학 = Journal of the Korean wood science and technology, v.48 no.6, 2020년, pp.832 - 846

KIM, Joon Ho (Department of Bio-based materials, Chungnam National University) , YANG, Seung Min (Department of Bio-based materials, Chungnam National University) , LEE, Hyun Jae (Department of Bio-based materials, Chungnam National University) , PARK, Ki Hyung (The Korean Woodism-city Project Research Council, Chungnam National University) , KANG, Seog Goo (Department of Bio-based materials, Chungnam National University)

초록
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본 연구는 목재의 투습성을 활용한 용도개발을 위해 국산 침엽수 9개 수종에 대한 투습성 평가와 소형 벽체 구조 제작을 통한 투습성 평가를 하고자 하였다. 또한, 투습성 개선을 위해 폐자재인 bottom ash를 흡습제로 투입한 소형 벽체를 제작하여 투습성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, S_d 값에 의한 투습성 평가 결과는 다음과 같다. ① 국산 침엽수 9개 수종 중 Abies holiphylla(잣나무), Picea jezoensis(가문비나무), Ginkgo biloba(은행나무), Pinus koraiensis(잣나무) and Pinus rigida(리기다 소나무)는 투습 성능을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. ② 이를 이용하여 벽체 구조 제작 시 반투습 성능을 나타냄을 평가하였다. ③ 또한, Bottom ash를 투입한 소형 벽체 구조를 제작하여 투습성 개선 효과를 평가한 결과, Pinus koraiensis(잣나무)의 S_d 값이 1.63으로 나타나, 8개 타 수종보다 우수함을 확인하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the vapor permeability of nine different species of domestic softwood and the vapor permeability evaluation through the production of small wall structures for the developing applications, utilizing the vapor permeability of wood. In addition, the permeability evaluation was attempted by means of the production of a small wall structure injected with a waste material, bottom ash, as a moisture absorbent for improving the permeability. Consequently, the results of the vapor permeability evaluation by means of Sd value are as follows: (1) It was observed that Abies holiphylla, Picea jezoensis, Ginkgo biloba, Pinus koraiensis and Pinus rigida are permeable to moisture among 9 species of domestic softwood in Korea. (2) By means of this, semi-permeability efficiency was evaluated when producing a small wall structure. (3) Besides, improved effects of permeability were evaluated when producing a small wall structure inserted with bottom ash. As a result, it was confirmed that the Sd value of Pinus koraiensis turned out to be 1.63, which is superior to other 8 tree species.

주제어

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1. Bio-dryer of Bio Dryer Co., Ltd. in Japan.
표 Table 1. Each species density and classified heartwood, sapwood
그림 Fig. 2. Wet-cup test set-up model.
표 Table 2. Particle size and composition components of bottom ash
그림 Fig. 3. Modified mock wall wet-cup test model.
그림 Fig. 4. Radial section of S_d value.
그림 Fig. 5. Tangential section of S_d value.
표 Table 3. Each section of species permeability (μ) and S_d value
그림 Fig. 6. Radial section S_d value of Mock wall.
그림 Fig. 7. Tangential section S_d value of Mock wall.
표 Table 4. Each mock wall permeability (μ) and S_d value
그림 Fig. 8. Radial section S_d value of Mock wall added Bottom ash.
그림 Fig. 9. Tangential section S_d value of Mock wall added Bottom ash.
표 Table 5. Each mock wall permeability (μ) and S_d value added bottom ash

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문제 정의

In this study, in order to localize the bio dryer used in Japan, the evaluation of the moisture permeability of domestic softwood was conducted. In addition, in order to promote the movement of moisture generated in the wood drying process to the outside and improve the moisture permeability, the evaluation of the moisture permeability of a small wall filled with bottom ash, which is a coal ash emitted after coal combustion in a thermal power plant, was conducted.

제안 방법

2. In an attempt to make the discharge of water vapor inside the dryer easy, the small walls were evaluated using 5 wood species that showed permeability.
In this study, according to ｢KS F 2607 : 2007 permeability measuring methods of building materials｣ revised since 2007 based on the local circumstances, S_d value was calculated with the equation (5) and the permeability of materials was evaluated with three standards, Permeable, Semi-peremable, Impermeable. It is determined that the smaller S_d value as the resistance value is, the greater the permeability is and vice versa.
In this study, in order to localize the bio-dryer that is used in Japan, through evaluation on the vapor permeability of domestic softwood in Korea and evaluation on the permeability of a small wall discharged with bottom ash, it was attempted to select the optimal tree species and the results are as follows.
In this study, in order to localize the bio-dryer that is used in Japan, through evaluation on the vapor permeability of domestic softwood in Korea and the permeability of a small wall discharged with bottom ash, improvement of vapor permeability of wood is attempted to improve by selecting the optimal tree species and using absorbent.
The tailored specimen was used to measure its curing and weight until the temperature and humidity conditions reach the order of 24-hour period for moisture uniformization of the specimen in 35°C and 55% temperature and humidity conditions.
The weight of the cup in a 24- hour period was measured while maintaining the condition of temperature 35°C and relative humidity 55% and the moment when the weight was changed by 5% than the initial was set as the moment to end the experiment, and the experiment was repeated three times.
The weight of the cup in a 24-hour period was measured while maintaining the condition of temperature 35°C and relative humidity 55% and the moment when the weight was changed by 5% than the initial was set as the moment to end the experiment, and the experiment was repeated three times.

대상 데이터

Used specimen was cut down in YoungDong research forest, Chungnam Univ. and its surface was processed and tailored in the size of 100 mm (W) ×100 mm (L) × 15 mm (T) to make radial section and tangential section be large section.

성능/효과

1. Abies holophylla, Piecea jezoensis, Ginkgo biloba, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida whose S_d value is 1 or less than 1 out of nine domestic softwoods in Korea showed permeability and Larix kaempferi, Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa with a S_d value of 1 or more than 1 showed semi-permeability.
5. Abies holophylla, Picea jezoensis, Ginkgo biloba, Pinus densiflora, and Pinus rigida whose S_d value is 1 or less than 1 showed as permeability and Larix kaempferi, Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa with a S_d value of 1 or more than 1 showed semi-permeability. In the case of Pinus koraiensis, S_d value of its radial section showed permeability and its tangential section showed are S_d value radiation cross-section is permeable, tangential cross-section showed semi-permeability.
In an attempt to make the discharge of water vapor inside the dryer easy, the small walls were evaluated using 5 wood species that showed permeability. As a result, the increase of the thickness of wood due to the wall structure showed semi-permeability and in order to improve the vapor permeability, it was attempted to put bottom ash in, which resulted in the improvement for radial section, 36.4% on average and tangential section, 61.5% on average (except for ginkgo biloba).
For smooth discharge of water vapor inside the dryer, the moisture permeability of small walls was evaluated with five species of high moisture Abies holophylla, Picea jezoensis, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Ginkgo biloba through the moisture permeability evaluation result according to the previous wood species.
The increase in the heartwood ratio among heartwood and sapwood ratio (Table 2) of the specimen makes difference in permeability despite the same tree species, and it is determined that in the case of using a bio-dryer wall, methods of sawing and the composition ratio of heartwood and sapwood should be considered.
9. The permeability of the radial section was improved by 36.4% on average and in particular, the permeability of Picea jezoensis was improved by 54.8%, and that of Pinus koraiensis was improved by 50.1%. The permeability of the tangential section was excluded as the improvement effect of the Ginkgo biloba wall is as small as 2.
Through evaluation on the permeability of the same thickness of wood, small wall, moisture absorbent with small wall, and through the improvement effect by means of permeability per species and moisture absorbent, Pinus koraiensis and Picea jezoensis were derived as the optimum species for the wall of bio-dryer.

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