Hamstring Foam Roller release and Sole Self Myofascial Release for Improving Hamstring Muscles Flexibility in Participants with Hamstring Shortness원문보기
PURPOSE: The current generation has shortened hamstrings due to a sedentary lifestyle, resulting in reduced flexibility of the hamstring and dysfunction. This study was undertaken to compare effects of three different release exercises on hamstring flexibility, in participants with short hamstrings....
PURPOSE: The current generation has shortened hamstrings due to a sedentary lifestyle, resulting in reduced flexibility of the hamstring and dysfunction. This study was undertaken to compare effects of three different release exercises on hamstring flexibility, in participants with short hamstrings. METHODS: Totally, 20 subjects having short hamstrings were involved in this study. The inclusion criterion for study participation was active knee extension test (AKET) less than 60°. All participants were subjected to 3 methods: hamstring foam roller release (HFRR), sitting self myofascial release (sitting SMR), and standing self myofascial release (Standing SMR). All participants randomly performed all three methods to avoid bias caused by learning or fatigue. Passive knee extension test (PKET), AKET, finger to floor distance test (FTFT), and pelvic tilting angle test (PTAT) were measured pre- and post-exercises. RESULTS: The PKET, AKET and FTFT were significantly increased after HFRR, sitting SMR, and standing SMR exercise (p .05). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between PKET, AKET, FTFT and PTAT subsequent to HFRR, sitting SMR, and standing SMR (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HFRR, sitting SMR and standing SMR were immediately effective in improving hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings.
PURPOSE: The current generation has shortened hamstrings due to a sedentary lifestyle, resulting in reduced flexibility of the hamstring and dysfunction. This study was undertaken to compare effects of three different release exercises on hamstring flexibility, in participants with short hamstrings. METHODS: Totally, 20 subjects having short hamstrings were involved in this study. The inclusion criterion for study participation was active knee extension test (AKET) less than 60°. All participants were subjected to 3 methods: hamstring foam roller release (HFRR), sitting self myofascial release (sitting SMR), and standing self myofascial release (Standing SMR). All participants randomly performed all three methods to avoid bias caused by learning or fatigue. Passive knee extension test (PKET), AKET, finger to floor distance test (FTFT), and pelvic tilting angle test (PTAT) were measured pre- and post-exercises. RESULTS: The PKET, AKET and FTFT were significantly increased after HFRR, sitting SMR, and standing SMR exercise (p .05). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between PKET, AKET, FTFT and PTAT subsequent to HFRR, sitting SMR, and standing SMR (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HFRR, sitting SMR and standing SMR were immediately effective in improving hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
However, few studies have investigated to compare effects of plantar fascia relaxation and self-foam roller according to the posture, on hamstring flexibility. This study was therefore undertaken to investigate the effect of HFRR and sole SMR in sitting and standing positions, on the hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings. We further compared effects of three different release methods (HFRR, sitting SMR and standing SMR) on hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings.
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of HFRR and sole SMR based on anatomy trains, on hamstring flexibility. Our results indicate that PKA, AKET and FTFT values increase significantly in three interventions, with no significant difference in the comparison between the interventions.
가설 설정
The PTAT was not significantly different between the three interventions, and between pre and post intervention. This study hypothesized that myofascial relaxation would change the pelvic tilt angle, based on the theory of “superficial back line”. The “superficial back line” theory consists of the plantar fascia, short toe flexor (Lumbricals, flexor accessorius and flexor digitorum brevis), Achilles tendon, calf muscles (Gastrocnemius and soleus), hamstrings (Semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris), sacrotuberous ligament, fascia of the sacrolumbar area, erector spinae, and finally the epicranial fascia [6].
The treatment pressure depends on the force and area of contact applied by the foam roller or massage ball. This study was conducted on the hypothesis that there would be significant differences between the three interventions. However, no significant differences were obtained in the PKET, AKET, FTFT, and PTAT values, when compared among the interventions.
We further compared effects of three different release methods (HFRR, sitting SMR and standing SMR) on hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings. We hypothesized that the HFRR, sitting SMR and standing SMR would alter the hamstring flexibility in participants with short hamstrings.
제안 방법
A standardized foam rolling procedure was followed by the principal investigator. Participants were first asked to lie in a long sitting position, after which they were asked to roll a foam roller (Redbalance, Korea) across the entire hamstring muscle, from the ischial tuberosity to the back of the knee, on the side being examined.
They reported that the method of stretching the fascia line was effective in improving the angular speed of the side kick motion of Taekwondo [7]. Another study applied the theory of anatomy trains; the participant was asked to flex the hip and knee in a supine position, allowing the soles to touch the floor, thereby allowing the examiner to relax the fascia by sole stretching. The tension of the erector spine muscles was found to be significantly lower than tension obtained in the control group [8].
The results were not recorded by any investigator, but values of the results were read by a student so that the investigator remained blinded. Before intervention, measurements were taken in the order PKET, AKET, FTFT, and PTAT, with a one minute rest taken between each measurement; the mean value was then used for data analysis. Participants performed the three interventions in randomized order; subjects drew lots to avoid learning effects or fatigue.
Subjects with short hamstrings were selected if the knee extension angle was less than 60° in AKET [15]. If both hamstrings were short, the experiment was performed by selecting the leg with the smaller AKET angle. The results were not recorded by any investigator, but values of the results were read by a student so that the investigator remained blinded.
Normality test was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The data were normally distributed, and the parameter test was performed. Paired t-tests were used to determine the differences before and after interventions, and one-way ANOVA was used to compare post values among the three interventions.
This study investigated immediate changes in the flexibility of hamstrings, by applying HFRR and massage ball on the sole. All three interventions showed significant changes before and after intervention in PKET, AKET and FTFT, but no significant change in PTAT.
대상 데이터
05. Thus, we enrolled 20 male participants in this study, with an average age of 23.34 ± 1.15 years. The average parameters of all participants were: height 174.
데이터처리
The data were normally distributed, and the parameter test was performed. Paired t-tests were used to determine the differences before and after interventions, and one-way ANOVA was used to compare post values among the three interventions. The significance level for testing statistical significance was set to α = 05.
이론/모형
General characteristics of the participant were used in the descriptive statistics. Normality test was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The data were normally distributed, and the parameter test was performed.
성능/효과
This study investigated immediate changes in the flexibility of hamstrings, by applying HFRR and massage ball on the sole. All three interventions showed significant changes before and after intervention in PKET, AKET and FTFT, but no significant change in PTAT. No significant differences were obtained among the three methods.
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of HFRR and sole SMR based on anatomy trains, on hamstring flexibility. Our results indicate that PKA, AKET and FTFT values increase significantly in three interventions, with no significant difference in the comparison between the interventions.
The PKET, AKET, and FTFT were significantly increased after sitting SMR and standing SMR (Sitting SMR: 20.3%, 27.42%, and 48.08%, respectively; standing SMR:23.04%, 27.55%, and 60.36%, respectively). According to a previous study, sitting on a healthy adult and performing sole SMR significantly increased flexibility of the hamstrings through sit-and-reach, as compared to the control group [19].
15 years. The average parameters of all participants were: height 174.95 ± 5.45 cm, weight 71.58± 9.37 kg, and body mass index 23.34 ± 2.52. The dominant leg was 1 left leg (5%) and 19 right legs (95%), and the measured leg was 10 left legs (50%) and 10 right legs (50%).
Further studies should compare the long-term effects of these different methods in participants with short hamstrings. Third, although the three interventions were performed in a random order, it seems that the validity of the study results is probably low, because four tests were sequentially performed on the same subject without a control group. Therefore, it is necessary to randomly proceed with four tests in future studies.
후속연구
[24] found that the relationship between hamstring length and lower back pain was not significant, and that the length did not significantly affect the pelvic tilt. Therefore, results of the hamstrings length and pelvic tilting angle are controversial, and further studies are required in this area.
참고문헌 (24)
Kim GC, Lee JH, Kwon SM. Effects of hamstring flexibility and dynamic stability of lower lumbar according to stretching and massage techniques. Journal of Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2013;8(4):609-17.
Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system-e-book: foundations for rehabilitation. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013.
Kim A, Kwon J, Lee H. The Effect of Static Stretching Loading on Hamstring Flexibility in Healthy individuals. The Korean Society of Sports Science. 2015;24:1341-8.
Mohr AR, Long BC, Goad CL. Effect of foam rolling and static stretching on passive hip-flexion range of motion. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2014;23(4):296-9.
Myers TW. Anatomy trains e-book: myofascial meridians for manual and movement therapists. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013.
Jung J. Analysis for Myofascia meridian effects on Sports Biomechanics characteristics at Taekwondo side kick in elete players. Konkuk University. 2017;Master's Degree.
Shin D, Shin H, Chung S. The Effect of Plantar Fascia Stretching on the Tension of Erector Spinae Muscle and Hamstring Muscle. J Oriental Rehab Med. 2005;15(4): 29-38.
Nelson RT, Bandy WD. Eccentric training and static stretching improve hamstring flexibility of high school males. Journal of athletic training. 2004;39(3):254.
Neto T, Jacobsohn L, Carita AI, et al. Reliability of the active-knee-extension and straight-leg-raise tests in subjects with flexibility deficits. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2015;24(4).
Perret C, Poiraudeau S, Fermanian J, et al. Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the fingertip-to-floor test. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2001;82(11):1566-70.
Kim D, Shim J, Choung S. The Effect of Deep Friction Massage, Modified Thomas's Stretching and Muscle Energy Technique on Thickness of Psoas Major and Pelvic Angle. Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2016;12(2):1-7.
Couture G, Karlik D, Glass SC, et al. The effect of foam rolling duration on hamstring range of motion. The open orthopaedics journal. 2015;9:450.
Williams W, Selkow NM. Self-myofascial release of the superficial back line improves sit-and-reach distance. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2019;29(4):400-4.
Bandy WD, Irion JM, Briggler M. The effect of time and frequency of static stretching on flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical therapy. 1997;77(10):1090-6.
Lee M. Comparison of the Self-Myofascial Release Technique and the Graston Technique in an Adult Male's flexibility. Korea national sport University. 2017;Master's Degree.
MacDonald GZ, Penney MD, Mullaley ME, et al. An acute bout of self-myofascial release increases range of motion without a subsequent decrease in muscle activation or force. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2013;27(3):812-21.
Curran PF, Fiore RD, Crisco JJ. A comparison of the pressure exerted on soft tissue by 2 myofascial rollers. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2008;17(4):432-42.
Grieve R, Goodwin F, Alfaki M, et al. The immediate effect of bilateral self myofascial release on the plantar surface of the feet on hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2015;19(3):544-52.
Joshi DG, Balthillaya G, Prabhu A. Effect of remote myofascial release on hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic individuals-A randomized clinical trial. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2018;22(3):832-7.
Kassolik K, Jaskolska A, Kisiel-Sajewicz K, et al. Tensegrity principle in massage demonstrated by electro-and mechanomyography. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2009;13(2):164-70.
Fasuyi FO, Fabunmi AA, Adegoke BO. Hamstring muscle length and pelvic tilt range among individuals with and without low back pain. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2017;21(2):246-50.
Krol A, Polak M, Szczygiel E, et al. Relationship between mechanical factors and pelvic tilt in adults with and without low back pain. Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. 2017;30(4):699-705.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.