[논문]표면 개질 활성탄 위 금속 염화물의 첨착에 의한 암모니아 흡착 성능의 향상

송강; 임정현; 김철규; 박천상; 김영호

doi:10.14478/ace.2021.1095

표면 개질 활성탄 위 금속 염화물의 첨착에 의한 암모니아 흡착 성능의 향상
Enhancement of Ammonia Adsorption Performance by Impregnation of Metal Chlorides on Surface-Modified Activated Carbon 원문보기

공업화학 = Applied chemistry for engineering, v.32 no.6, 2021년, pp.671 - 678

송강 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) , 임정현 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) , 김철규 (악취관리연구소) , 박천상 (주식회사 월드비전) , 김영호 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과)

초록
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암모니아의 흡착 성능을 향상할 목적으로 활성탄의 질산 처리 및 활성탄으로 금속 염화물의 첨착 효과를 연구하였다. 질산 처리에 의해 활성탄으로 하이드록시기 및 카르복실기와 같은 작용기들의 도입을 확인하였다. 이후 초음파 함침법을 사용하여 각 금속 염화물(NiCl₂, MgCl₂, CuCl₂, MnCl₂ 또는 CoCl₂)을 표면 개질 활성탄 위로 첨착하였다. 여러첨착된 활성탄들의 물리화학적 특성과 암모니아 흡착 성능을 관찰하였다. 금속 염화물은 초음파 처리에 의해 원활하게 분산되었으며 활성탄 표면 위에 고르게 분포되었다. 금속 염화물이 첨착된 표면 개질 활성탄은 감소된 비표면적 및 세공 부피에도 불구하고 매우 우수한 암모니아 흡착 성능을 나타내었다. 특히, NiCl₂를 첨착하여 제조한 HNO₃-NiCl₂ AC는 가장 우수한 암모니아 흡착능(3.736 mmol·g^-1)을 나타내었으며, 미처리된 활성탄(0.066 mmol·g^-1)과 비교하여 약 57배 향상되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Effects of nitric acid treatment of an activated carbon and impregnation of metal chlorides on the activated carbon were investigated to improve ammonia adsorption performance. It was confirmed that functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were introduced onto a surface of the activated carbon with nitric acid treatment. Then, each metal chloride (NiCl2, MgCl2, CuCl2, MnCl2 or CoCl2) was impregnated onto the surface-modified activated carbon using an ultrasonic impregnation method. The physicochemical properties and ammonia adsorption performance of various impregnated activated carbons were observed. Metal chlorides were well dispersed by sonication and evenly distributed on the surface of the activated carbon. Despite the reduced specific surface area and pore volume, the surface-modified activated carbon impregnated with metal chlorides exhibited excellent ammonia adsorption performance. In particular, HNO3-NiCl2 AC prepared by impregnating NiCl2 showed the best ammonia adsorption capacity of 3.736 mmol·g-1, which was improved by about 57 times compared to that of an untreated activated carbon (0.066 mmol·g-1).

주제어

표/그림 (11)

표 Table 1. Nomenclature of the Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbons
그림 Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus for the NH₃ adsorption.
그림 Figure 2. SEM images of an activated carbon and modified activated carbons : (a) AC, (b) HNO₃ AC, (c) HNO₃-CoCl₂ AC, (d) HNO₃-MnCl₂ AC, (e) HNO₃-CuCl₂ AC, (f) HNO₃-MgCl₂ AC and (g) HNO₃-NiCl₂ AC.
그림 Figure 4. EDS mapping images of an activated carbon and modified activated carbons: (a) AC, (b) HNO₃ AC and (c) HNO₃-NiCl₂ AC.
그림 Figure 3. TGA profiles of an activated carbon and a HNO3 treated activated carbon.
표 Table 2. Textural Properties of the Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbons
표 Table 3. Chemical Composition of the Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbons
그림 Figure 5. FT-IR spectra of an activated carbon and modified activated carbons: (a) AC, (b) HNO₃ AC and (c) HNO₃-NiCl₂ AC.
그림 Figure 6. Breakthrough curves of ammonia adsorption for an activated carbon and modified activated carbons (influent conditions; NH₃ concentration of 300 ppm and flow rate of 50 mL·min^-1).
표 Table 4. The Ammonia Adsorption Capacity and Breakthrough Time of the Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbons
그림 Figure 7. The proposed path for preparation of the modified activated carbon using nitric acid and metal chloride.

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