[논문]Broad-Spectrum Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds from Three Yeast-like Fungi of the Galactomyces Genus Against Diverse Plant Pathogens

Cai, Shu-Ting; Chiu, Ming-Chung; Chou, Jui-Yu

doi:10.1080/12298093.2020.1857042

Broad-Spectrum Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds from Three Yeast-like Fungi of the Galactomyces Genus Against Diverse Plant Pathogens 원문보기

Mycobiology, v.49 no.1, 2021년, pp.69 - 77

Cai, Shu-Ting (Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education) , Chiu, Ming-Chung (Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education) , Chou, Jui-Yu (Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The application of antagonistic fungi for plant protection has attracted considerable interest because they may potentially replace the use of chemical pesticides. Antipathogenic activities confirmed in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from microorganisms have potential to serve as biocontrol agents against pre- and post-harvest diseases. In the present study, we investigated Galactomyces fungi isolated from rotten leaves and the rhizosphere of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme). VOCs produced by Galactomyces fungi negatively affected the growth of phytopathogenic fungi and the survival of nematodes. Mycelial growths of all nine examined phytopathogenic fungi were inhibited on agar plate, although the inhibition was more intense in Athelia rolfsii JYC2163 and Cladosporium cladosporioides JYC2144 and relatively moderate in Fusarium sp. JYC2145. VOCs also efficiently suppressed the spore germination and mycelial growth of A. rolfsii JYC2163 on tomatoes. The soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibited higher mortality in 24 h in the presence of VOCs. These results suggest the broad-spectrum activity of Galactomyces fungi against various plant pathogens and the potential to use VOCs from Galactomyces as biocontrol agents.

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표/그림 (5)

그림 Figure 1. Mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungi under the effects of VOCs secreted from the three Galactomyces yeast strains.
그림 Figure 2. Mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) value of the phytopathogenic fungi under the effects of VOCs secreted from the three Galactomyces strains. Letters indicate significant pairwise differences (Tukey’s all-pair comparisons using the beta regres-sion model, p< 0.05).
그림 Figure 3. Germination of spores from Athelia rolfsii JYC2163 after the treatment of VOCs secreted by antagonistic fungi for 24 h. The dashed line indicates the median number of germinated spores without the effect of the antagonistic yeast. Letters indicate significant pairwise differences (Tukey's all-pair comparisons using the generalized linear regression model with Poisson's error, p<0.05).
그림 Figure 4. Efficacy of VOCs produced by the antagonistic fungi in postharvest control of Athelia rolfsii JYC2163 on the marketed cherry tomato. The dashed line indicates the median number of disease severity [symptom area/total area] without the effect of the antagonistic yeast. Letters indicate significant pairwise differences (Tukey's all-pair comparisons using the beta regression model, p<0.05).
그림 Figure 5. Lethal effects of the VOCs produced by the fungi on the fourth larval stage of C. elegans strain N2. The dashed line indicates the median mortality rate without the effect of the yeast. Letters indicate significant pairwise differences (Tukey's all-pair comparisons using the generalized linear regression model with binomial error, p<0.05). The p value between the control and treatment of S. cerevisiae suggests a marginal significance.

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제안 방법

STC and JYC originally formulated the idea and developed the methodology, STC collected samples and carried out experiments, MCC performed statistical analyses and built statistical models, STC, MCC and JYC wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
rolfsiiJYC₂₁63werefirstmodeledusingthegeneral- izedlinearmodel (GLM)withPoisson’s error, and post-hoc multiple comparisons were performed usingTukey’sall-pairwisecomparisons.Themortal- ityratesofnematodesweremodeledusingtheGLM withbinomial error andTukey’s all-pairwise com- parisons as the post-hoc analysis. All the analyses wereperformedusingR[22]withpackages lmtest, betareg, emmeans, multcompView, andmultcomp.

데이터처리

Asimi- lar model was alsoadopted for comparing disease severitywiththe treatmentof fungalVOCs as the fixed effect. Numbers of germinated spores of A. rolfsiiJYC₂₁63werefirstmodeledusingthegeneral- izedlinearmodel (GLM)withPoisson’s error, and post-hoc multiple comparisons were performed usingTukey’sall-pairwisecomparisons.Themortal- ityratesofnematodesweremodeledusingtheGLM withbinomial error andTukey’s all-pairwise com- parisons as the post-hoc analysis.

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