[국내논문]여름철 동남권 전통시장에서 판매되는 즉석섭취 튀김어묵의 미생물학적 오염도 조사 Investigation of Microbial Contamination in Fried Fish Paste, a Ready-To-Eat Food Distributed from Traditional Markets in Korea's Southeast Region During Summer
This study assessed microbial contamination in seven fried fish pastes sold in Southeast Asian traditional markets during summer. It measured viable cell count, coliforms, Escherichia coli, fungi, and Staphylococcus spp. It also qualitatively analyzed Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., Bacill...
This study assessed microbial contamination in seven fried fish pastes sold in Southeast Asian traditional markets during summer. It measured viable cell count, coliforms, Escherichia coli, fungi, and Staphylococcus spp. It also qualitatively analyzed Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostridium perfringens. The average viable cell count, coliforms and fungi were detected as 6.34 (3.84-8.13), 2.16 (1.00-3.55), and 3.92 (1.85-7.74) log10 CFU/g, respectively. Staphylococcus spp. was detected at 4.59 (2.10-7.63) log10 CFU/g. Some samples had high contamination levels: viable cell count (8.13 log10 CFU/g), fungi (7.74 log10 CFU/g) and S. aureus (7.63 log10 CFU/g). However, E. coli was not detected in any samples (ND, <1 log10 CFU/g). V. parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, and Cl. perfringens were also not detected in the samples. The microbial contamination data provide insight into managing microbial contamination and ensuring the safety of fried fish pastes in traditional summer markets.
This study assessed microbial contamination in seven fried fish pastes sold in Southeast Asian traditional markets during summer. It measured viable cell count, coliforms, Escherichia coli, fungi, and Staphylococcus spp. It also qualitatively analyzed Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostridium perfringens. The average viable cell count, coliforms and fungi were detected as 6.34 (3.84-8.13), 2.16 (1.00-3.55), and 3.92 (1.85-7.74) log10 CFU/g, respectively. Staphylococcus spp. was detected at 4.59 (2.10-7.63) log10 CFU/g. Some samples had high contamination levels: viable cell count (8.13 log10 CFU/g), fungi (7.74 log10 CFU/g) and S. aureus (7.63 log10 CFU/g). However, E. coli was not detected in any samples (ND, <1 log10 CFU/g). V. parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, and Cl. perfringens were also not detected in the samples. The microbial contamination data provide insight into managing microbial contamination and ensuring the safety of fried fish pastes in traditional summer markets.
본 연구에서는 국내 생산 어묵 중 생산량이 가장 높으며, 동남권 전통시장에서 판매되는 여름철 튀김어묵의 위생지표세균 및 진균의 오염 실태를 파악하였고, 더불어 식중독균(Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens)에 대한 정량 및 정성 분석을 실시하여 전통시장 중 튀김어묵의 미생물 위해평가의 기초자료로 제시하고자 한다.
본 연구에서는 여름철 동남권 전통시장에서 판매되는 튀김 어묵의 미생물학적 오염도를 평가하였다. 식품공전상(MFDS, 2023) 즉석섭취식품 안전기준이 제시된 세균과 이외의 추가적인 잠재 위해세균의 오염도를 조사하기 위해 오염지표미생물(일반세균, 대장균/군, 진균)과 식중독균(Staphylococcus spp.
전통시장에서 판매되는 튀김어묵의 경우 고온에서 튀기는 조리작업을 거치지만, 모든 식중독세균과 이들이 생산하는 포자나 독소에 대한 안전을 담보할 수 없다. 따라서, 본 연구는 전통시장에서 판매되는 튀김어묵의 위생안정성 문제에 대한 기초자료로 제시하며, 원료가 조리자 손 등에 의한 교차오염 예방과 제조 후 진열 상의 노출에 의한 오염을 방지하기 위해 적절한 냉온도를 유지할 수 있는 저장고와 포장 등의 사용을 적극적으로 권장하며 관련된 보관시간 및 보관온도 등의 관리기준이 조속히 설정되기 바란다.
대상 데이터
본 연구에서는 2022년 동남권 전통시장 중의 튀김어묵에 대한 미생물 오염도를 조사하기 위하여 통영(2건), 거제(1건), 부산(2건), 창원(1건), 김해(1건)에 소재하고 있는 전통시장에서 각각 튀김어묵을 6–8월에 구매하였다
이론/모형
일반세균, 대장균 및 대장균군을 측정을 위해 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)에서 고시된 시험법과 동일한 방법으로 분석하였다. 시료 25 g에 멸균생리식염수 225 mL를 가한 후 균질기(BagMixer 400; Interscience, Saint- Nom la Breteche Arpents, France)를 이용하여 약 2분간 균질화 하였다.
진균류는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023) 방법을 바탕으로 진행하였다. 일반세균수 실험법과 동일하게 실험을 진행하였고, 균질액 1 mL와 10% 주석산을 이용하여 산성화시킨 potato dextrose agar (Difco Co.
Staphylococcus spp.는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정량분석을 실시하였다. 황색포도상구균을 정량적으로 분석하기 위해 전처리 시료는 앞에서 언급한 일반세균수 분석용 전처리 시료 1 mL와 멸균 생리 식염수 9 mL를 10진 희석법에 따라 희석하여 사용하였다.
는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정량분석을 실시하였다. 황색포도상구균을 정량적으로 분석하기 위해 전처리 시료는 앞에서 언급한 일반세균수 분석용 전처리 시료 1 mL와 멸균 생리 식염수 9 mL를 10진 희석법에 따라 희석하여 사용하였다. 정량적 분석을 위한 배지인 baird-parker agar (Difco Co.
V. parahaemolyticus는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정성분석을 실시하였다. 시료 25 g과 alkaline peptone water (Difco Co.
Salmonella spp.는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정성분석을 실시하였다. 시료 25 g과 펩톤식염완충액(MBCell, Seoul, Korea) 225 mL를 혼합한 후 36±1°C에서 18–24시간 배양하였다.
B. cereus는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정성분석을 실시하였다. 시료 25 g과 멸균생리식염수 225 mL를 균질기를 이용하여 2분간 균질화하여 시험용액으로 사용하였다.
L. monocytogenes는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정성분석을 실시하였다. 시료 25 g과 증균배지인 listeria enrichment broth (Difco Co.
C. perfringens는 식품공전(MFDS, 2023)을 바탕으로 정성 분석을 실시하였다. 전처리 시료는 앞에서 언급한 일반세균수 측정용 전처리 시험용액1 mL를 10 mL의 cooked meat 배지(MBCell) 아랫부분에 접종하여 35–37°C에서 18–24시간 동안 혐기조건에서 증균배양하였다.
후속연구
또한, 전통시장에서 판매하는 튀김어묵은 봄·가을·겨울철뿐만 아니라 고온 다습한 여름철에도 즉석 생산하여 판매를 하기 때문에 여름철 튀김어묵에 대한 미생물학적 안전성 파악을 위한 미생물 오염도 조사는 반드시 최우선적으로 수행해야 한다.
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