참고문헌 (62)

1. 10.1093/geront/34.1.16 1) Hornbrook MC, Stevens VJ, Wingfield DJ, et al.: Preventing falls among community-dwelling older persons: results from a randomized trial. Gerontologist, 1994, 34: 16-23. 

   

2. 10.1053/apmr.2001.24893 2) Hausdorff JM, Rios DA, Edelber HK: Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2001, 82: 1050-1056. 

   상세보기

3. 10.1016/S0197-4572(82)80125-0 3) Riffle KL: Falls: Kinds, causes, and prevention. Geriatr Nurs, 1982, 3: 165-169. 

   상세보기

4. 4) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control: Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) [online], Accessed May 11, 2012. 

5. 5) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Fatalities and injuries from falls among older adults-United States, 1993-2003 and 2001-2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2006, 55: 1221-1224. 

6. 10.2165/00007256-199520010-00004 6) Kallinen M, Markku A: Aging, physical activity and sports injuries. An overview of common sports injuries in the elderly. Sports Med, 1995, 20: 41-52. 

   상세보기

7. 10.1177/089826439000200202 7) Bernstein AB, Schur CL: Expenditures for unintentional injuries among the elderly. J Aging Health, 1990, 2: 157-178. 

   상세보기

8. 10.1520/JFS13991J 8) Englander F, Hodson TJ, Terregrossa RA: Economic dimensions of slip and fall injuries. J Forensic Sci, 1996, 41: 733-746. 

   상세보기

9. 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90202-7 9) Chandler JM, Duncan PW, Kochersberger G, et al.: Is lower extremity strength gain associated with improvement in physical performance and disability in frail, community dwelling elders? Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1998, 79: 24-30. 

   상세보기

10. 10.1159/000069168 10) DeVito CA, Morgan RO, Duque M, et al.: Physical performance effects of low intensity exercise among clinically defined high-risk elders. Gerontology, 2003, 49: 146-154. 

    상세보기

11. 10.1093/gerona/59.5.M503 11) Seynnes O, Fiatarone Singh MA, Hue O, et al.: Physiological and functional responses to low-moderate versus high intensity progressive resistance training in frail elders. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2004, 59: 503-509. 

    상세보기

12. 10.1093/gerona/52A.4.M218 12) Buchner DM, Cress ME, de Lateur BJ, et al.: The effect of strength and endurance training on gait, balance, fall risk, and health services use in community-living older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 1997, 52: M218-M224. 

    상세보기

13. 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51365.x 13) Conn VS, Minor MA, Burks KJ, et al.: Integrative review of physical activity intervention research with aging adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2003, 51: 1159-1168. 

    상세보기

14. 10.1046/j.1365-201X.1996.523293000.x 14) Häkkinen K, Kallinen M, Linnamo V, et al.: Neuromuscular adaptations during bilateral versus unilateral strength training in middle-aged and elderly men and women. Acta Physiol Scand, 1996, 158: 77-88. 

    상세보기

15. 10.1056/NEJM199406233302501 15) Fiatarone MA, O’Neill EF, Ryan ND, et al.: Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med, 1994, 330: 1769-1775. 

    상세보기

16. 10.1016/S0749-0690(18)30200-3 16) Chandler JM, Hadley EC: Exercise to improve physiologic and functional performance in old age. Clin Geriatr Med, 1996, 12: 761-784. 

    상세보기

17. 10.1001/jama.273.17.1341 17) Province MA, Hadley EC, Hornbrook MC, et al.: The effects of exercise on falls in elderly patients. A preplanned meta-analysis of the FICSIT Trials. Frailty Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques. JAMA, 1995, 273: 1341-1347. 

    

18. 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50173.x 18) Wu G: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tai Chi for improving balance and preventing falls in the older population-a review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2002, 50: 746-754. 

    상세보기

19. 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.01.020 19) Hass CJ, Gregor RJ, Waddell DE, et al.: The influence of Tai Chi training on the center of pressure trajectory during gait initiation in older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85: 1593-1598. 

    상세보기

20. 10.5014/ajot.46.4.295 20) Tse SK, Bailey DM: T’ai chi and postural control in the well elderly. Am J Occup Ther, 1992, 46: 295-300. 

    상세보기

21. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01433.x 21) Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, et al.: Balance and strength training in older adults: intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996, 44: 498-506. 

    상세보기

22. 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90206-9 22) Wolf SL, Coogler C, Xu T: Exploring the basis for Tai Chi Chuan as a therapeutic exercise approach. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1997, 78: 886-892. 

    상세보기

23. 10.1097/00005768-199803000-00003 23) Lan C, Lai JS, Chen SS, et al.: 12-month Tai Chi training in the elderly: its effect on health fitness. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1998, 30: 345-351. 

    상세보기

24. 10.1136/bjsm.34.1.29 24) Hong Y, Li JX, Robinson PD: Balance control, flexibility and cardiorespiratory fitness among older tai chi practitioners. Br J Sports Med, 2000, 34: 29-34. 

    

25. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb02989.x 25) Young DR, Appel LJ, Jee SH, et al.: The effects of aerobic exercise and T’ai Chi on blood pressure in older people: results of a randomized trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1999, 47: 277-284. 

    상세보기

26. 10.1097/00005768-199905000-00002 26) Lan C, Chen SY, Lai JS, et al.: Effect of tai chi on cardiorespiratory function in patients with coronary artery bypass surgery. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1999, 31: 634-638. 

    상세보기

27. 27) Husted C, Pham L, Hekking A: Improving quality of life for people with chronic conditions: the example of T’ai Chi and multiple sclerosis. Altern Ther Health Med, 1999, 5: 70-74. 

28. 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)04810-4 28) Mak MK, Ng PL: Mediolateral sway in single-leg stance is the best discriminator of balance performance for Tai-Chi practitioners. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2003, 84: 683-686. 

    

29. 10.1186/1471-2377-5-3 29) McGibbon CA, Krebs D, Parker S, et al.: Tai Chi and vestibular rehabilitation improve vestibulopathic gait via different neuromuscular mechanisms: preliminary report. BMC Neurol, 2005, 5: 3. 

    상세보기

30. 10.1056/NEJM198904203201606 30) Tinetti ME, Speechley M: Prevention of falls among the elderly. N Engl J Med, 1989, 320: 1055-1059. 

    상세보기

31. 10.1093/ageing/19.2.136 31) Campbell AJ, Borrie MJ, Spears GF, et al.: Circumstances and consequences of falls experienced by a community population 70 years and over during a prospective study. Age Ageing, 1990, 19: 136-141. 

    상세보기

32. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03863.x 32) Hartman CA, Manos TM, Winter C, et al.: Effects of T’ai Chi training on function and quality of life indicators in older adults with osteoarthritis. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2000, 48: 1553-1559. 

    상세보기

33. 10.1093/geronj/46.6.M196 33) Chen HC, Ashton-Miller JA, Alexander NB, et al.: Stepping over obstacles: gait patterns of healthy young and old adults. J Gerontol, 1991, 46: M196-M203. 

    

34. 10.1016/S0021-9290(96)00161-3 34) Chou LS, Draganich LF: Stepping over obstacles increases the motions and moments of the joints of the trailing limb in young adults. J Biomech, 1997, 30: 331-337. 

    상세보기

35. 10.1016/S0268-0033(03)00139-6 35) Hahn ME, Chou LS: Can motion of individual body segments identify dynamic instability in the elderly? Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2003, 18: 737-744. 

    상세보기

36. 10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00101-7 36) Lamoureux E, Sparrow WA, Murphy A, et al.: The effects of improved strength on obstacle negotiation in community-living older adults. Gait Posture, 2003, 17: 273-283. 

    상세보기

37. 10.1093/gerona/55.3.M147 37) Begg RK, Sparrow WA: Gait characteristics of young and older individuals negotiating a raised surface: implications for the prevention of falls. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2000, 55: M147-M154. 

    

38. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.03.004 38) Doyle RJ, Hsiao-Wecksler ET, Ragan BG, et al.: Generalizability of center of pressure measures of quiet standing. Gait Posture, 2007, 25: 166-171. 

    상세보기

39. 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90425-7 39) Polcyn AF, Lipsitz LA, Kerrigan DC, et al.: Age-related changes in the initiation of gait: degradation of central mechanisms for momentum generation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1998, 79: 1582-1589. 

    상세보기

40. 10.1093/ptj/82.6.566 40) Martin M, Shinberg M, Kuchibhatla M, et al.: Gait initiation in community-dwelling adults with Parkinson’s disease: comparison with older and younger adults without the disease. Phys Ther, 2002, 82: 566-577. 

    상세보기

41. 10.3138/ptc.41.6.304 41) Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams JI, et al.: Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiother Can, 1989, 41: 304-311. 

    상세보기

42. 42) Berg KO, Maki BE, Williams JI, et al.: Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1992, 73: 1073-1080. 

43. 10.1161/01.STR.24.8.1173 43) Schuling J, de Haan R, Limburg M, et al.: The Frenchay Activities Index: Assessment of functional status in stroke patients. Stroke, 1993, 24: 1173-1177. 

    상세보기

44. 10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 44) Ware JEJr, Sherbourne CD: The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care, 1992, 30: 473-483. 

    상세보기

45. 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 45) Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR: “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res, 1975, 12: 189-198. 

    상세보기

46. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x 46) Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ: The mini-mental state examination. A comprehensive review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1992, 40: 922-935. 

    상세보기

47. 10.1053/apmr.2000.7162 47) Turnbull JC, Kersten P, Habib M, et al.: Validation of the Frenchay Activities Index in a general population aged 16 years and older. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2000, 81: 1034-1038. 

    상세보기

48. 10.1080/13607860120038357 48) Yip JY, Wilber KH, Myrtle RC, et al.: Comparison of older adult subject and proxy responses on the SF-36 health-related quality of life instrument. Aging Ment Health, 2001, 5: 136-142. 

    상세보기

49. 10.1053/apmr.2001.18678 49) Corriveau H, Hébert R, Prince F, et al.: Postural control in the elderly: an analysis of test-retest and interrater reliability of the COP-COM variable. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2001, 82: 80-85. 

    상세보기

50. 50) Winter DA: A.B.C. of balance during standing and walking. Waterloo (ON): Waterloo, Biomechanics, 1995. 

51. 10.1589/jpts.21.49 51) Kim HD: Effects of Tai Chi exercise on the center of pressure trace during obstacle crossing in older adults who are at a risk of falling. J Phys Ther Sci, 2009, 21: 49-54. 

    상세보기

52. 10.1007/BF00228132 52) Rogers MW, Pai YC: Dynamic transition in stance support accompanying leg flexion movements in man. Exp Brain Res, 1990, 8: 398-402. 

    상세보기

53. 10.1016/0966-6362(93)90038-3 53) Jian Y, Winter DA, Ischac MG, et al.: Trajectory of the body COG and COP during initiation and termination of gait. Gait Posture, 1993, 1: 9-22. 

    상세보기

54. 10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00020-X 54) Brunt D, Liu SM, Trimble M, et al.: Principles underlying the organization of movement initiation from quiet stance. Gait Posture, 1999, 10: 121-128. 

    상세보기

55. 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01063-6 55) Brunt D, Short M, Trimble M, et al.: Control strategies for initiation of human gait are influenced by accuracy constraints. Neurosci Lett, 2000, 285: 228-230. 

    상세보기

56. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.02.007 56) Fournier KA, Kimberg CI, Radonovich KJ, et al.: Decreased static and dynamic postural control in children with autism spectrum disorders. Gait Posture, 2010, 32: 6-9. 

    상세보기

57. 10.1007/s00221-002-1150-5 57) Zettel JL, McIlroy WE, Maki BE: Environmental constraints on foot trajectory reveal the capacity for modulation of anticipatory postural adjustments during rapid triggered stepping reactions. Exp Brain Res, 2002, 146: 38-47. 

    상세보기

58. 10.1093/gerona/55.5.M270 58) Maki BE, Edmondstone MA, McIlroy WE: Age-related differences in laterally directed compensatory stepping behavior. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2000, 55: M270-M277. 

    상세보기

59. 10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00013-2 59) McIlroy WE, Maki BE: The control of lateral stability during rapid stepping reactions evoked by antero-posterior perturbation: does anticipatory control play a role? Gait Posture, 1999, 9: 190-198. 

    상세보기

60. 10.1589/jpts.21.317 60) Kim HD, Han JT, Cho YH: The effectiveness of community-based Tai Chi training on balance control during stair descent by older adults. J Phys Ther Sci, 2009, 21: 317-323. 

    상세보기

61. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb01588.x 61) Maki BE, Holliday PJ, Fernie GR: Ageing and postural control: a comparison of spontaneous- and induced-sway balance tests. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1990, 38: 1-9. 

    상세보기

62. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.058 62) McCrory JL, Chambers AJ, Daftary A, et al.: Dynamic postural stability during advancing pregnancy. J Biomech, 2010, 43: 2434-2439. 

    상세보기