Abstract Bentonites have been used to reduce or to diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. Due to bentonites' large variations in mineral composition, and the dominant mineral smectite can differ in interlayer cation composition, charge density, charge origin, bentonites demonstr...
Abstract Bentonites have been used to reduce or to diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. Due to bentonites' large variations in mineral composition, and the dominant mineral smectite can differ in interlayer cation composition, charge density, charge origin, bentonites demonstrated more than ten fold of differences in aflatoxin adsorption capacity. To maximize the efficiency of local bentonites for aflatoxin detoxification, modifications of bentonites are often needed. The objectives of this study are to asses and to modify selected bentonites from China for aflatoxin detoxification. Thirteen Chinese bentonites were collected and evaluated for montmorillonite contents. A 6-fold difference in aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) adsorption capacity among these 13 natural bentonites were observed. Six bentonites, representing the low-, medium-, and high- adsorption for AfB1, were selected for detailed assessment and modification. The clay fractions of the bentonites (Na-saturated) were harvested and exposed to the following three treatments: (1) Ca saturation (Ca_), (2) Mg saturation and heating (Mg_Heat), (3) Mg saturation and heating then Ca saturation (Mg_Heat_Ca), respectively. These three treatments enhanced the AfB1 adsorption capacity of the six bentonites and the relative efficiency of the treatments follows the order of Mg_Heat_Ca>Mg_Heat>Ca_ in most of the six bentonites. Calcium saturation or heating can improve the clays' adsorption affinity and capacity for AfB1 mainly because of the reduction of cation exchange capacity (CEC). This assumption was confirmed by the change of CEC and single-point AfB1 adsorption capacity of bulk bentonites before and after heating. Our adsorption data suggest that some Chinese bentonites are generally suitable for AfB1 adsorption, and high selectivity can be achieved by optimizing their charge density. Similar approach should be applicable to other local bentonites worldwide. Highlights A 6-fold difference in AfB1 adsorption capacity were observed of Chinese bentonites. Mg_Heat_Ca, Mg_Heat and Ca_ treatment enhanced AfB1 adsorption capacity of bentonite. Efficiency follows the order of Mg_Heat_Ca>Mg_Heat>Ca_ in most six bentonites. High selectivity of bentonite for AfB1 can be achieved by optimizing charge density.
Abstract Bentonites have been used to reduce or to diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. Due to bentonites' large variations in mineral composition, and the dominant mineral smectite can differ in interlayer cation composition, charge density, charge origin, bentonites demonstrated more than ten fold of differences in aflatoxin adsorption capacity. To maximize the efficiency of local bentonites for aflatoxin detoxification, modifications of bentonites are often needed. The objectives of this study are to asses and to modify selected bentonites from China for aflatoxin detoxification. Thirteen Chinese bentonites were collected and evaluated for montmorillonite contents. A 6-fold difference in aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) adsorption capacity among these 13 natural bentonites were observed. Six bentonites, representing the low-, medium-, and high- adsorption for AfB1, were selected for detailed assessment and modification. The clay fractions of the bentonites (Na-saturated) were harvested and exposed to the following three treatments: (1) Ca saturation (Ca_), (2) Mg saturation and heating (Mg_Heat), (3) Mg saturation and heating then Ca saturation (Mg_Heat_Ca), respectively. These three treatments enhanced the AfB1 adsorption capacity of the six bentonites and the relative efficiency of the treatments follows the order of Mg_Heat_Ca>Mg_Heat>Ca_ in most of the six bentonites. Calcium saturation or heating can improve the clays' adsorption affinity and capacity for AfB1 mainly because of the reduction of cation exchange capacity (CEC). This assumption was confirmed by the change of CEC and single-point AfB1 adsorption capacity of bulk bentonites before and after heating. Our adsorption data suggest that some Chinese bentonites are generally suitable for AfB1 adsorption, and high selectivity can be achieved by optimizing their charge density. Similar approach should be applicable to other local bentonites worldwide. Highlights A 6-fold difference in AfB1 adsorption capacity were observed of Chinese bentonites. Mg_Heat_Ca, Mg_Heat and Ca_ treatment enhanced AfB1 adsorption capacity of bentonite. Efficiency follows the order of Mg_Heat_Ca>Mg_Heat>Ca_ in most six bentonites. High selectivity of bentonite for AfB1 can be achieved by optimizing charge density.
Clay Clay Miner. Deng 60 4 374 2012 10.1346/CCMN.2012.0600404 The determinative role of the exchange cation and layer-charge density of smectite on aflatoxin adsorption
Appl. Clay Sci. Dixon 40 201 2008 10.1016/j.clay.2007.10.010 Aflatoxin sequestration in animal feeds by quality-labeled smectite clays: An introductory plan
Geol. Geochem. Hou 30 1 70 2003 Chemical composition of bentonites from various parts of China and differences among ore samples
Swine Prod. Huang 2 23 2013 Analysis of the contamination of mold and toxin in feed during the second half of 2012
International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC vol. 82 173 2002 Some Traditional Herbal Medicines Some Mycotoxins Naphthalene and Styrene Monograph on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk to humans
Clay Clay Miner. Jaynes 35 6 440 1987 10.1346/CCMN.1987.0350604 Charge reduction, octahedral charge, and lithium retention in heated, Li-saturated smectites
Clay Sci. Kannewischer 12 199 2006 Smectite clays as adsorbents of aflatoxin B1: initial steps
Food Addit. Contam. A. Marroquin-Cardona 26 5 733 2009 10.1080/02652030802641872 In vitro and in vivo characterization of mycotoxin-binding additives used for animal feeds in Mexico
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Williams 80 1106 2004 10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1106 Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: a review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences, and interventions
AI-Helper
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.