초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
1. 한우 암소 비육유형별 사육기술
○ 경산우 비육시 미생물제제를 급여하므로 도체중이 325.8kg/47.2개월령에서 345kg/44.2개월령으로 높아졌고, 육량등급지수(2.2→2.3)와 육질등급지수(2.6→3.5)도 높았다.
○ 한우 경산우 비육 출하 월령별이 높을수록 육량형질이 좋아 60～70개월령에 도체중이 367.1kg, 배최장근단면적 92.9(cm²)로 가장 높았으나 육량등급지수 2.0, 육질등급지수 3.1로 가장 낮았다.
○ 경산우 비육의 산차가 높아질수록 출하개

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
1. 한우 암소 비육유형별 사육기술
○ 경산우 비육시 미생물제제를 급여하므로 도체중이 325.8kg/47.2개월령에서 345kg/44.2개월령으로 높아졌고, 육량등급지수(2.2→2.3)와 육질등급지수(2.6→3.5)도 높았다.
○ 한우 경산우 비육 출하 월령별이 높을수록 육량형질이 좋아 60～70개월령에 도체중이 367.1kg, 배최장근단면적 92.9(cm²)로 가장 높았으나 육량등급지수 2.0, 육질등급지수 3.1로 가장 낮았다.
○ 경산우 비육의 산차가 높아질수록 출하개월도 42.5에서 61.7개월령으로 높아졌고 분만 후 비육 개월령은 16.3에서 11.8개월령으로 낮아졌다.
○ 한우 암소비육의 산차수가 1에서 3산차로 높아질수록 생체중은 585.6에서 576.9kg 으로 낮아졌고, 도체중은 349.2에서 335.2kg으로 낮아졌다.
○ 미경산우의 비육중 개월령별 체중은 4개 농장의 80두 평균은 17.8개월령 413kg을 나타내었고 비육 550일령 이후 개체간의 체중 차이를 많이 보였다.
2. 가축분뇨 펠릿 퇴비화 및 고형물 연료화 기술
○ 우분 깔짚분뇨의 펠릿제조는 15KW 용량 제조기에서 펠릿 직경 6～8mm 출구를 통하여 시간당 235kg이 생산되었다.
○ 펠릿 제조시 우분원료 수분이 32.9% 였으나 펠릿 제조 후 25.1%로 감소되었고, 펠릿은 물속에서 10시간째 95.7(%/10h. wt.)의 용해도를 보였다.
○ 우분 깔짚분뇨의 펠릿 무게의 변화는 펠릿 배출 시점을 100% 기준으로 실온상태에서 20일째 82.5% 수준까지 감소되었다.
○ 펠릿의 압축강도는 수분함량 24.7%와 직경 5.7mm인경우는 33.0N을 나타내었다.
○ 가축분을 유기폐자원 연료화장치(TFM) 방식을 적용한 고형물 연료화로 한우 깔짚분뇨는 처리전 2,212에서 6,267kcal/kg으로 높아졌고, 돼지 슬러리 연료화 고형물은 7,017kcal/kg로 가장 높은 열량을 보였다.
3. 기후변화 대응 가축 사료작물 생산성 향상 기술
○ 경기북부지역 동계사료작물 이탈리안라이그라스 재배로 춘계파종의 수확량은 IRG 단파구에서 ha당 20톤으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 청보리나 호밀 단파 및 IRG와 혼파구에서는 ha당 15톤으로 나타났다.
○ 월동이 곤란한 중북부지역 밭 토양 또는 적기 파종을 하지 못한 지역에서 이탈리안라이그라스 등 동계사료작물을 해동이 시작하는 2월 하순～3월 중순 파종으로 5～6월에 생초수량은 ha당 18톤정도 수확 가능한 것으로 평가되었다.
4. 한우 사육 섬유질배합사료 자동공급장치 활용 사료급여 효율
○ TMR 자동원료공급장치 설치로 소요 노동력 감소
- 고용 노동력을 705분에서 675분으로 30분 감소(4.3%)
- 감소되는 노동력 비용 경제성 분석
· 10분×3명×300일×(10,100원/60분) = 1,515,000원(3인의 월평균 급여 : 202만원)
5. 임신 모돈의 유질개선을 위한 목단피추출물 첨가사료 급여효과
○ 임신 모돈에게 목단피추출물 첨가사료 급여로 이유두수 6.7% 증가, 폐사율
4.23% 감소, 이유체중 2.4% 증가되는 등 번식 및 발육성적을 향상시켰다.
○ 면역력 증진에 영향을 미치는 면역물질인 IgG, IgA 함량을 각 5.4%, 6.2%씩 증가시켰다.
6. 분만 자돈사 환경 모니터링을 통한 적정환경 분석 시스템
○ 돼지 이유 후 자돈의 환경제어 모니터링을 통한 일당증체량이 271g에서 319g으로 48g이 향상되었다.
○ 돼지의 분만자돈사 환경관리로 육성율이 96.1%에서 98.9%로 증가되었다.
7. 흑염소 축사의 환경개선사업으로 번식효율 향상 및 고급육 생산
○ 흑염소 방목구와 사사구의 발육성적 암컷은 개시 시 사사구는 평균 17.7kg, 방목구는 평균 22.8kg으로 방목구가 높았으나 시험종료 시 증체량은 각각 13.6kg 및 10.1kg으로 사사구가 유의적으로(P< 0.05) 높았다.
○ 거세 흑염소를 사사와 방목으로 195일간 사육한 발육성적은 개시 시 사사구는 평균 16.7kg, 방목구는 평균 14.1kg으로 사사구가 높았다. 시험 종료 시 증체량은 각각 15.36kg 및 11.58kg으로 사사구가 유의적으로(P< 0.05) 높았다.
○ 흑염소 암컷의 번식성적은 사사구와 방목구에서 각각 52두 씩 분만하였으며 복당 산자수는 각각 1.44두 및 1.42두로 비슷한 수준이었다.
○ 어미염소의 유사산율은 사사구 및 방목구 각각 7.7% 및 3.9%로 사사구가 높았다.
○ 겨울철 폐사두수는 사사구 및 방목구 각각 8두씩 같았으며 정상 분만두수 대비폐사율은 각각 11.6% 및 11.3%였다.
8. 동물복지형 산란계 사육시설 모델 개발
○ 다단식 사육시설의 운영으로 월 평균 산란율 53.6%, 파란율 1.3%, 폐사율 2.1%였다.
○ 산란계 1,200수 사육시 필요로하는 면적은 기존 평사시설의 297㎡에서 다단식 사육시설은 165㎡로 사육밀도는 1.8배 증가하였다.
9. 비침습 면역증진기기 활용 가축생산성 향상
○ 젖소농가 적용결과 전년동기 대비 체세포수 35.6～36.4% 감소, 산유량 0～1.3% 증가
○ 양돈농가 적용결과 대비구 대비 일당증체량 16.7% 증가, 이유후 자돈 폐사율 9.0%P 감소
10. 새로운 사료작물 케나프 재배
○ 사료용 옥수수를 재배가 어려운 습한 토양이나 야생동물의 피해가 많은 밭에서 케나프 재배로 조사료 생산이 가능하였다.
○ 케나프를 5월 중순 ~ 6월 초순에 파종하여 8월 하순 ~ 9월 중순에 수확하면 생초수량은 ha당 40,000kg이었다.
11. 접이식 진압장치 활용 사료작물 안정생산
○ 사료작물 재배 접이식 진압기 활용시 ha당 시간은 접이식진압기 20.9분으로 일반형33.9분보다 13분 단축되었고 연료비는 1.790ℓ절약되었다.
○ 월동사료작물 호밀의 파종후 30일경 초기생육 초장에서 진압은 11.3cm로 무진압8.1cm보다 높았다.
12. 축산물 생산·유통·소비 활성화 모델(조합) 개발
○ 축산 6차 산업화의 유형 분류 및 특징에 대한 분석 : 유통형, 어메니티형
○ 축산 6차 산업화를 통한 부가가치 창출 사례 발굴(30개소)하여 「현장에서 찾은 6차 산업의 미래 축산 명장들의 창조 경영 노하우」사례집 발간
○ 축산 6차 산업화 운영 지원사업 및 농장운영에 대한 인식 조사결과, 낙농이 타축종에 비해 지원사업에 대하여 만족도가 높음. 기존까지 목장형 유가공에 대한 기술 및 시설지원, 체험프로그램 운영 지원 등 지원하여 왔으나 마케팅(판로개척)에 대한 지원이 필요. 낙농 외 타 축종에 대한 다양한 지원체계 구축이 필요
○ 농장운영 과정 중 문제점과 요구사항에 대하여 조사한 결과, 목장형 유가공시설에 대한 HACCP 기준 점진적 적용, 교육체험장에 대한 전문적인 강사육성 및 인력풀 구축, 축종별 교육프로그램에 대한 지원, 운영자에 대한 새로운 명칭부여 등이 있음

Abstract ▼

We analyzed and solved problems that may occur due to application of new developed techniques to field.
1. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding and fattening period patterns on carcass characteristics in Hanwoo cows. Fattening of Hanwoo cows diets formulated feeds and TM

We analyzed and solved problems that may occur due to application of new developed techniques to field.
1. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding and fattening period patterns on carcass characteristics in Hanwoo cows. Fattening of Hanwoo cows diets formulated feeds and TMR(Total Mixed Rations) in field test farm. Microbial feeding farms of Hanwoo cows were higher slaughter weight as a 345kg/44.2months than 325.8kg/47.2months of formulated feeds. Carcass characteristics of fattening in high slaughter aged Hanwoo cows(Jengeup) expressed that slaughter weight were higher as a 367.1kg/60～70 months than 348.8kg/30～40 months but rating indexes were lower as carcass yield 2.0 and carcass quality 3.1 than each 2.4 and 3.5. Fattening characteristics of different parities were expressed that slaughter age of 3rd parities were higher as 61.7 months than 42.5 months of 1st parity but fattening months are decreased as 11.8 months of 3rd parities than 16.3 months of 1st parity. The fattening weight of Hanwoo heifers were estimated 13kg by average 17.8 months and 80 heads in 4 farms and were difference growth weight after 550 days age.
2. This field test conducted to the recycling of livestock manure. Pellets production was manufactured by using Hanwoo and dairy cattle manure for composting and solid fuel. Pellet production of cattle manure litter was produced 235kg per hour by machine with capacity of 15KW and 6～8mm diameter. When cattle manures produced pellets by machine, water capacity decreased 32.9% of material manure to 25.1% of produced pellets. After cattle manure pellets produced by machine, the weight is decreased average 17.5% for 20 days at room temperature. The compressive strength of the pellets with a moisture content of 24.7% and diameter of 5.7mm showed a 33.0N. The solid cow manure by Organic waste into fuel device resources (TFM) changed high fuel calories 2,212kcal/kg of before treatment to 6,267kcal/kg of after treatment. Pig slurry solids into fuel showed the highest amount of heat as 7,017kcal/kg.
3. The purpose of this study is to improve the productivity of forage crops as sowing winter forage crops in spring. In hard winter, in the north-central area or not timely sowing areas, the winter forage crop sowing from late February to early march can be obtained about 15~20 tons yield in May or June.
4. Korean Native Cow farms of difficulty is always growing and expanding livestock income, feed cost, rising and falling livestock prices. They used TMR Feed Manufacturing technology for feed cost savings measure. However, This technique requires labor intensive. Thus, reduction of working hours for labor-saving effect of using TMR Auto Supply Machine for 30 minutes a day was shortened.
5. This farming-related study intends to look into the effect on immunity and productivity of sows and piglets through the addition of mountan extract on feed. 20 sows were selected as the sample; the first group of 10 sows was supplied with null-additive feed for approximately 2 months, whereas the other group of 10 sows received feed with 0.5% addition of moutan extract. As colostrum is crucial for the survival rate and growth of a piglet before its immune system is mature enough, the quality and immune ability directly influence on immunity and productivity of the piglet. Major outcomes show a slight improvement of breeding and growth and an increase of content of IgG and IgA which are immunity components in colostrum through the supply of feed additive mountan extract. However, there was no significant change in milk ingredients such as fat, protein, milk sugar, solid content, et cetera. Consequentially, this study improved breeding and growth performance, e.g. 6.7% increase of weaning number, 4.23% reduction of mortality rate, and 2.4% increase of weaning weight, and 5.4% and 6.2% rise in the content of IgG and IgA which influence enhancement of immunity, respectively, through supplying feed additive mountan extract to pregnant sows. The outcomes show that the supply of feed additive mountan extract to sows is expected to strengthen the immune ability of sows and improve the quality and immune elements of colostrum, and finally contribute to the increase of farm income by improving productivity of piglets.
6. This study was conducted to maintain a suitable environment in piglets breeding after weaning. Sensor of temperature, humidity, air speed, and carbon dioxide were installed in piglet’s barn. Improve piglet growth need to monitoring by analysis and evaluation of the internal environment in piglets barn. Piglets after weaning by the application of environmental control monitoring were increased the average daily gain from 271g of non treatment to 319g of treatment. Environmental management of the piglets was increased survival rate from 96.1 to 98.9%.
7. Black goat production is a traditional livestock industry in Korea that has increased steadily over the last 3 decades. From 1980 to 2013, the Korean Black goat inventory and number of farms with Black goat increased. It is important for farmer in the emerging industry to understand how to manage for improving the efficiency of growth, feeding, and reproductive performance in the view point of economic benefits. This project on farm research was carried out to estimate the growth performance, feed efficiency, reproductivity and mortality in the condition of free range and in-house system. Data of growth, feed intake and reproduction were collected on 120 goat and mortality was estimated the offspring from the female goat. Average daily gain(ADG) of body weight of female goat during 195days fattening periods were 0.052kg and, 0.07kg respectively in the free range and in-house system. In the castrate goat, ADG were 0.059kg and 0.079kg respectively in the free range and in-house system. The ADG of in-house system has significant(p< 0.05) heavier than that of free range system in. The intake of concentrate of free range traits were less (p< 0.05) than in-house traits both female goat and castrate fattening goat. Litter size was 1.42 and 1.44 in the free range and in-house system. The mortality of offsprings were 11.3% and 11.6% respectively in free range group and in-house group. The mortality of offsprings was similar both groups.
8. Issued as a national and international animal welfare of the animal breeding facilities and welfare issues are discussed. Starting in 2013, the EU banned the use of the cage and because of this move, which marks the reality of each country, the study is being made in appropriate alternative breeding and also growing concern about radiation breeding.
March 2012 laying hens in the country to target farm animal welfare certification scheme is enforced Livestock Farm animal welfare certification is sought because the hens were unavailable cage farms in the future is expected to be extended to other chukjong. This pilot study demonstrated the laying hen farms breeding facilities through the application of multi-stage scattering increase productivity and improve the robustness, which meet the certification standards of animal welfare in animal welfare breeding breeding was carried out to see whether the.
The main research topic of research productivity, stocking density, animal breeding facilities bokjihyeong were examined, the main result of this multistage breeding facilities (53.6%) of the average monthly egg production, Blue rates 1.3% and 2.1% mortality suggests. Egg production in the other test areas pyeongsa-type breeding chickens came out lower than the average monthly egg production facilities stocked before and after training to adapt to the different time it took somewhere considered.
Further, the conventional multistage breeding facilities pyeongsa expression compared breeding facilities for breeding density can be increased 1.8 times compared to the same area in space utilization can be increased. As a result, in a multistage breeding hens to meet the certification standards of animal welfare to animal welfare breeding facilities available, reductions in labor productivity through automation manager is expected to contribute to improvements.
9. Effects of stress reduction technology using optical non-invasive method (BEP : Bio-photon Energy Projector) on animal stress and productivity were tested. Milk production was not affected, but the number of somatic cells tended to be decreased in dairy cows. Body weight at weaning and initial growing stage was increased and overall mortality was significantly decreased mainly due to no death after weaning even though mortality was a little increased during suckling. Feed intake was not reduced even in severe hot weather, and reproduction performance tended to improve based on the ultrasound scan of the uterus in dairy cows. Apparently weanling and growing pigs looked healthy but growth performance test was not improved.
10. The purpose of this study is the review to local adaptability of new forage crop kenaf. a part of excess-moisture injury in rice paddy, kenaf was stronger than corn and was not an injury to the wild pigs in the field. When the kenaf sowing from late May to early June can be obtained about 40 tons yield in August or September.
11. This empirical test conducted to increase the utility of ' fold suppression device' invented by the NIAS (National Institute Animal Science) and in order to improve various problems in forage crops production field. After rye forage crops sowing by suppression in rice paddy soil, the early growth of plant height difference at 30 days were 8.1cm to 11.3cm. Utilization of suppression on cultivating forage crops are increased the growth height at harvesting stage as 157.6cm to 160.0cm on rye crops and 110cm to 113cm on barley forage crops. Productivity of silage corn by sowing suppression was increased 10,725kg/ha of non-treatment to 11,000kg of suppression. Utilization of ‘fold suppression device’ compare to conventional suppression are reduced suppression working time 33.9min/ha to 20.9min/ha and fuel consumption 4.933ℓ/ha to 3.143ℓ/ha, respectively.
12. The purpose of this study is the 6th industrial livestock farmers who operate the type and characteristics were investigated. As study results, consumers to take advantage of a variety of distribution channels that supply the processed livestock or livestock type and area of distribution facilities visited various livestock products and processed products to customers through exchanges, to provide various cooking or experience menu were classified as amenity types. Depending on the type and characteristics of livestock separated. Livestock seconds of the 6th stage of industrialization taking into account the characteristics of the type introduced and then expanded the business area through the creation of blue oceans is likely to increase added value.In addition, the industrialization of livestock settled in the 6th through agricultural expansion and growth of the economic impact can be expected in tow.

목차 Contents

• 표 지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요 약 문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 8
• 목 차 ... 13
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 14
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 21
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 28
• 제1 세부과제 제1절 한우 암소 비육유형별 사육기술 ... 28
• 제2 세부과제 제2절 가축분뇨 펠릿 퇴비화 및 고형물 연료화 기술 ... 34
• 제3 세부과제 제3절 기후변화 대응 가축 사료작물 생산성 향상기술 ... 38
• 제4 세부과제 제4절 한우 사육 섬유질배합사료 자동공급장치 활용 사료급여 효율 ... 42
• 제5 세부과제 제5절 임신 모돈의 유질개선을 위한 목단피추출물 첨가사료 급여효과 ... 45
• 제6 세부과제 제6절 분만 자돈사 환경 모니터링을 통한 적정환경 분석 시스템 ... 47
• 제7 세부과제 제7절 흑염소 축사의 환경개선사업으로 번식효율 향상 및 고급육 생산 ... 49
• 제8 세부과제 제8절 동물복지형 산란계 사육시설 모델 개발 ... 53
• 제9 세부과제 제9절 비침습 면역증진기기 활용 가축생산성 향상 ... 55
• 제10 세부과제 제10절 새로운 사료작물 케나프 재배 ... 61
• 제11 세부과제 제11절 접이식 진압장치 활용 사료작물 안정생산 ... 64
• 제12 세부과제 제12절 축산물 생산·유통·소비 활성화 모델(조합) 개발 ... 67
• 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 81
• 1절 : 목표대비 달성도 ... 81
• 2절 : 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타) ... 83
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 84
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 84
• 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 85
• 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 85
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 86
• 끝페이지 ... 90