초록 ▼

본 연구는 기업의 참여를 통한 산림조성 및 관리 활성화 방안을 도출하기 위한 연구로, 국내 산림 CSR의 현황과 국내산림관련 기관 및 프로그램 분석을 통해 산림분야 기업참여를 활성화시키기 위한 중간지원조직의 필요성을 도출하였으며, 기업, 시민단체, 지자체 대상 설문조사를 실시하여 중간지원조직의 기능과 역할에 대한 인식을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 중간지원 조직에 대한 필요성은 이해관계자 모두 공감하고 있었으며 활동의 유연성과 독립성을 보장할 수 있는 중간지원조직의 설립이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이와함께 기업이 산림분야 사회공헌활동에 참

본 연구는 기업의 참여를 통한 산림조성 및 관리 활성화 방안을 도출하기 위한 연구로, 국내 산림 CSR의 현황과 국내산림관련 기관 및 프로그램 분석을 통해 산림분야 기업참여를 활성화시키기 위한 중간지원조직의 필요성을 도출하였으며, 기업, 시민단체, 지자체 대상 설문조사를 실시하여 중간지원조직의 기능과 역할에 대한 인식을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 중간지원 조직에 대한 필요성은 이해관계자 모두 공감하고 있었으며 활동의 유연성과 독립성을 보장할 수 있는 중간지원조직의 설립이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이와함께 기업이 산림분야 사회공헌활동에 참여할 수 있도록 프로세스와 참여 매뉴얼 및 성과지표를 개발하여 컨텐츠화 함으로써 산림조성 및 관리, 이용에 대한 기업의 참여 시스템을 체계화하였고, 기업과의 커뮤니케이션 툴과 전략을 개발하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 기업참여에 의한 산림관리의 새로운 거버넌스 실행조직을 구축하는데 실질적으로 활용될 수 있다는데 의의가 있다.

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Results of R&D
1. Status of the philanthropy programs in the domestic forestry
We analyzed social contribution activity programs of the forestry sector targeting 500 companies in Korea in order to determine the status and levels of their involvement in the activity. As a result, 204 compan

Ⅳ. Results of R&D
1. Status of the philanthropy programs in the domestic forestry
We analyzed social contribution activity programs of the forestry sector targeting 500 companies in Korea in order to determine the status and levels of their involvement in the activity. As a result, 204 companies or 40.8% of those 500 local companies have shown to promote the activity including the forestry sector.
Moreover, the study classified activity areas of 204 companies in promotion of social contribution activities in the environment sector so as to determine companies that promote related programs; as a result, 75 companies are found to implement 108 programs. The study results indicate, on the basis of overall 500 companies, that roughly 15.0% are implementing social contribution activities related to forests.
We deduced the type of social contribution activities of the domestic forestry sector through the analysis of 108 programs of 75 firms. The most common types are in order of volunteer (55.6%), forestry composition and management (26.9%), one-time tree planting (9.3%), education activities (6.5%), fostering human resources and job creation (1.9%). Our surveys on the promotion methods of the social contribution activities in the forestry sector showed that direct projects account for overall 43.5%, while common projects showed 56.5%. Rather than exclusive operation by company from planning to execution, the method of joint projects was more prevalent through cooperation with various entities including non-profit organizations, local governments, and government agencies. In case of volunteer activities in terms promotion methods by five types of social contribution activities in the forestry sector, the direct project was more prevalent than the joint project. However, there were more of the joint project types in the case where areas that require expertise, such as forestry composition and management activities, education, manpower fostering, and job creation. The information we obtained thus far shows that most entities have one-to-one networking structures, such as business/non-profit organization, business/the government, and business/local government, while they are also involved in social contribution activities in the forestry sector; this still shows lack of partnerships in the business/non-profit organization and business/local government structure. An organization is necessary to coordinate opinions to reach a mutual consensus by building networking of various interested parties; also, an intermediary organization of forests, which provide various participation programs and cases about social contribution activities in the forestry sector.
2. Concept and role of intermediary organizations
An intermediary organization is a concept emphasized in Japan, generally referring to a group that coordinates request and exchange of various services. The core purpose of intermediary organizations is in identifying key needs of interested parties to provide manpower, funding, goods, and information or promoting cooperation among various entities. As a result of analysis on success stories of intermediary organizations at home and abroad, we deduced three types of guidelines for organizations. First, devise opinions of interested parties, who are related to forestry composition and management, such as local residents, local bodies, administration, and companies; also, an additional requirement is a function that enables smooth communication according to entities. Second, one of the strategic necessities is a development of creative and various programs to attract corporate participation and interest with respect to social contribution activities in the forestry sector. Third, as an organization with intermediate functions of resources and technology, provide necessary resources and technology through opinion exchange between entities. As for the establishment of an organization, we believe the government-private type is suitable than the private-open type; we suggested funding for intermediary organizations using forest fund (lottery fund) and construction of a business partnership system in connection with activities in progress by similar organizations, namely Korea Forest Foundation.
The intermediary organization concept in the domestic forestry sector we deduced from aforementioned statement is defined as an organization that suggests successful stories, leading models for management and forestry composition in connection with local citizens and social partners to promote participation of the government, companies, and civic groups in composition and management of forests. The objective of intermediary organizations is creating successful models for social contribution activities of companies in the forest sector and new models for forestry composition and management by building forest governance. Functions of intermediary organizations in the forestry sector are as follows:
• Establishment of basic information for composition and management of forests.
• Provision of a variety of information for social contribution activities of companies in the forestry sector.
• Development of hands-on programs for participation of various entities and social contribution programs of companies in the forestry sector.
• Provide opportunities to build ties with manpower and fund necessary for composition and management of forests.
• Establishment of network including NPO, specialists, administration, localgovernments, and companies associated with forests.
• Policy suggestions and system preparation
3. Opinion surveys of interested parties on forestry CSR
The paper analyzed awareness for intermediary organizations of companies, local governments, and civic organizations, which are main interested parties of forestry CSR based on the previously reviewed concept, functions and roles of organizations.
This helped deduce the needs of functions and roles of intermediary organizations by entity for dealing with obstacles, improving partnership status of management activities, and domestic forestry composition. As for investigation, we surveyed 118 domestic companies that implement social contribution to the environment and forestry sectors; for local governments, surveys were conducted on eight special and metropolitan cities, nine si and gune, and 309 public officers of gu, and personnel of 38 main civic groups that implement programs related to the environment and forestry sectors. The survey response rate accounts for companies at 23.7%, local governments 36.9%, and civic organizations 73.7%.
As a survey result, in case of companies, obstacles in forming partnerships and promoting activities were the major problems associated with capability advancement of social contribution personnel regarding cooperation with local governments; whilst joint fund-raising necessary for forestry composition and management were the main hurdle for local governments. With civic organizations, 'the current issues and lack of understanding of forestry composition and management' were crucial problems. In order to revitalize cooperation with companies, the ability to ensure a manpower fostering function, which provides consulting and necessary training and control differences of each organization, is crucial for intermediary organizations.
Additional functions required for such organizations for revitalizing cooperation among local governments and civic organizations and collaboration with companies were information provision capability, such as finding excellent cooperation models, development and distribution of cooperation programs. The key feature required to intermediary organizations is the information provision function concerning development of excellent programs, which will enable them to lead cooperation with companies so as to foster and propagate organizations henceforth.
4. Development of participation manuals and CSR programs
While overall awareness of forestry composition and management activities through corporate participation is insignificant in Korea, there was a consensus about cooperation by entity for implementing effective forestry composition and management activities and that social systems are needed for revitalization. Thus, we deduced the necessity of information provision and networking functions of intermediary organizations. In order to build a foundation for intermediary organizations, which is suggested in the study, we developed general process and manuals for corporate participation programs in the forestry sector. The development consists of general process and manuals of urban forests and trails, which show high intension of corporate participation.
5. Development of performance indicators for philanthropy activities
The paper suggested construction of intermediary organizations in the forestry sector, including their functions and roles as measures for revitalizing corporate participation for forestry composition and management activities as well as programs, participation processes, and manuals that can be used by companies. In addition, we developed performance evaluation indicators of social contribution activities that can be utilized by companies so as to measure objective performance obtainable through participation in forestry composition and management activities. This links with the 'evaluation function', which was deduced as the major function of intermediary organizations in interested party surveys, which targeted for companies.
The paper obtained evaluation areas, items for evaluation, and detailed evaluation indicators for middle and long-term performance evaluation of social contribution activities in the forestry sector via using AHP and BSC, which are commonly used for forest evaluation indicators, certification systems, and performance assessment methods at home and abroad. Evaluation areas are classified into six fields: sustainability, resources, operation, economic competence, environmental preservation, and social contribution. We developed a draft of detailed evaluation indicators by area and obtained the final evaluation indicator through expert surveys and verifications.
6. Establishment of CSR DB
As a strategy for boosting forestry CSR, the study aimed for database construction through the ‘Forestry CSR Portal’ so as to provide overall information related to social contribution activities in the domestic forestry sector. Although there are Websites that offer information related to CSR and social contribution activities in Korea, CSR information that focused on forestry is still lacking. As a result of surveys targeting companies, local governments, and civic organizations, the highest demand of the overall organizations was the information provision feature of intermediary organizations. Hence, we intended to provide evaluation indicators for programs, manuals, and social contribution activities that can be used by business and information associated with social contribution activities, which is the basic function of intermediary organizations by establishing a forestry CSR portal. This is a foundation work for building intermediary organizations in the forestry sector, which is anticipated to be utilized for making consolidated forestry management models through positive participation and network promotion and exchange among various interested parties as well as companies henceforth.
7. Proposals to vitalize corporate participation in the forest sector
In this study, we developed and proposed the ways to cultivate intermediary organizations in forestry sectors, communication strategies to vitalize corporate participation, and political incentives. First, we suggest two ways to cultivate intermediary organizations in forestry sectors. One way is to intensify roles and functions of existing organizations in forest and environment sectors, and the other is to establish new organizations of government-private type, build a network, and utilize local Forest Services as wide-area consultative bodies.
Second, we suggested to establish an information platform, Social Contribution Committee of Forest, which implement forum, research, and promotion contents making, and to communicate with companies through cooperation and exchange with economic organizations. And Last, we developed and proposed political incentives as a plan to vitalize corporate participation in forest sectors.

목차 Contents

• 표 지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 3
• 보고서 요약서 ... 5
• 요 약 문 ... 7
• SUMMARY ... 15
• CONTENTS ... 25
• 목차 ... 27
• 제 1장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 29
• 제 1절. 연구배경 및 필요성 ... 31
• 제 2절. 연구목표 및 내용 ... 34
• 제 2장 국내외 연구동향 ... 37
• 제 1절. 국외 동향 ... 39
• 제 2절. 국내 동향 ... 41
• 제 3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 43
• 제 1절. 국내 산림분야 사회공헌활동의 현황 ... 45
• 1. 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)과 산림 ... 45
• 2. 산림분야 CSR활동 국내 현황분석 ... 48
• 3. 국내 산림분야 기업참여 주요 프로그램 ... 70
• 4. 국내 산림분야 사회공헌활동의 시사점 ... 78
• 제 2절. 산림분야 중간지원조직의 개념 및 역할, 필요성 ... 82
• 1. 중간지원조직(Intermediary Organization)의 개념 ... 82
• 2. 중간지원조직의 기능과 역할 ... 84
• 3. 국내 산림환경 분야 관련 조직 분석 ... 85
• 4. 국내 중간지원조직 사례연구 ... 104
• 5. 국외 중간지원조직 사례분석 ... 138
• 6. 국내 산림분야 중간지원조직 모델 ... 192
• 제 3절. 산림분야 CSR에 대한 이해관계자 의식조사 ... 200
• 1. 국내 기업 대상 설문조사 ... 202
• 2. 지자체 대상 설문조사 ... 219
• 3. 시민단체 대상 설문조사 ... 242
• 4. 기업, 지자체, 시민단체 집단 간 종합분석 ... 256
• 제 4절. 산림분야 CSR 프로그램 및 참여 매뉴얼 개발 ... 265
• 1. 도시숲 & 숲길 조성 및 관리 프로그램 매뉴얼 ... 265
• 제 5절. 산림 사회공헌활동 성과평가 지표 개발 ... 304
• 1. 산림 사회공헌활동 평가 프레임워크 ... 304
• 2. 국내외 산림평가 지표 ... 314
• 3. 국제 지표 및 인증 제도에서의 지속가능성 평가 기준 ... 352
• 4. 산림 사회공헌활동 평가영역 및 평가항목 도출 ... 355
• 5. 세부 평가지표 초안 개발 ... 363
• 6. 전문가 검증 및 평가지표 도출 ... 367
• 7. 최종 평가지표 도출 ... 385
• 8. 소결 ... 390
• 제 6절. 산림분야 CSR DB 구축 ... 392
• 1. 산림 CSR 포털(http://www.forestcsr.kr) 구축 ... 392
• 제 7절. 산림분야 기업참여 활성화 방안 ... 403
• 1. 국내 산림분야 중간지원조직의 육성 ... 403
• 2. 산림분야 기업참여 활성화를 위한 커뮤니케이션 전략 수립 ... 406
• 3. 산림조성 및 관리의 기업참여 활성화를 위한 정책인센티브 개발 ... 411
• 제 4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 434
• 제 1절. 연구개발 목표의 달성도 ... 436
• 제 2절. 관련분야에서의 기여도 ... 437
• 제 5장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 ... 439
• 제 1절. 활용계획 ... 441
• 제 2절. 추가연구의 필요성 ... 442
• 제 6장 참고문헌 ... 443
• 끝페이지 ... 453