초록

○ 연구결과
베타인 생상공정 및 생산체계 확립을 통한 돼지 급여시 돼지 성장 특성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 효과적인 베타인 급여수준과 급여기간의 확립과 돈육 품질 향상에 영향을 미쳐 높은 도체등급율을 보여준다.

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Results and recommendation for application
1. Results
A) Effect of dietary glycine betaine on meat quality and characteristics of pork carcasses
Dietary glycine betaine (DGB) in pigs affected on chemical composition of pork.
Moisture and protein concentration were not different among

Ⅳ. Results and recommendation for application
1. Results
A) Effect of dietary glycine betaine on meat quality and characteristics of pork carcasses
Dietary glycine betaine (DGB) in pigs affected on chemical composition of pork.
Moisture and protein concentration were not different among treatments. But intramuscular fat of ham cut from DGB was higher compared to that of control, and belly cut of DGB showed higher ash contents compared to control.
Pork color was improved by DGB due to increased ultimate pH during cold storage of pork. TBA value was showed that DGB was lower compared to control of during cold storage. Futhermore DGB inhibited lipid oxidation of pork with increasing ratio of saturated fat concentration. Tenderness also improved with DGB due to higher ultimate pH. Lower shear force value and longer sarcomere length were observed in DGB pork. Consequently, panelist gave better palatability score to DGB pork over control with all quality measurements.
DGB also affected on blood characteristics. As increasing level of DGB, lipid concentration was decreased, and numbers of platelet and red cell were increased in blood. It was also observed that cholesterol concentration was decreased as increasing level of DGB. However there were no differences in materials related with stress in blood between DGB and control.
The results from this experiment suggested that increasing level and period of DGB could improve pork quality. Data showed improvement of meat color, water-holding capacity and tenderness of pork with DGB in pig. Finally characteristics of pork carcass were improved with DGB. As increasing DGB level, appearance of A grade that is the best grade for pork carcasses in Korea was increased.
B) Development of establish on the progress of products and production on a large scale
Betaine(glycine betaine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine) is an important osmoprotectant, which is able to restore and maintain osmotic balance of living cells. It is synthesized and accumulated in response to abiotic stress such as high salt concentrations. Most of organisms are not capable of accumulating high level of betaine except several halophile microorganisms. For large production of betaine from the microorganisms, choline has to be supplemented in the media together with exposure of strong light because they are photosynthetic microorganisms. An yeast, which was very resistant to toxic metal ions, and screened in my laboratory, produced 123mg of betaine in one gram of the cells under optimum conditions. When pigs were feeded with diets supplemented with the yeast accumulated large amounts of betaine, no significant increase of it in the bloods was observed. However, significant level of betaine was detected in the meat of the pig relatively depending upon the concentrations of betaine supplemented in diets.
C) Effect of glycine betaine feeding levels and periods on growth performance in pig and low-fat, functional on pork products
This study investigated the effects of glycine betaine on growth performance in pig. First, a total of 400 pigs were divided into 4 feeding stages (Stage 1: 23.10±1.43Kg, Stage 2: 37.69±1.62, Stage 3: 66.51±3.44Kg and Stage 4: 94.42±2.17Kg initial weight) and then each feeding stages were divided into 4 treatment groups (Control: 0%, T1: 0.2%, T2: 0.4% and T3: 0.6% glycine betaine), respectively. The average daily gain and feed efficiency of T2 and T3 were significantly increased (P<0.05) by glycine betaine in stage 1, 2 and 3, whereas feed conversion was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Thus, glycine betaine could be influence the pig growth performance. In feeding stage 4, average daily gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased in 0.4% glycine betaine feeding group compare with other dietary groups, although feed conversion was lower than others. We assume that 0.4% glycine betaine feeding was most efficient dietary level. Summing up the a forementioned results, glycine betaine was affected in growth performance. Also, it may be assumed that the pork can be product with the high function and high quality.
Seconds a total of 240 pigs were divided into 3 feeding stages (Stage 1: 33.47±3.74, Stage 2: 53.74±5.93, Stage and 3: 90.85±4.94 initial body weight) and then each feeding stages were divided into 4 treatment groups (Control: 0%, T1: 0.2%, T2: 0.4% and T3: 0.6% glycine betaine, respectively). In feeding stages 1, average daily gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased in 0.6% glycine betaine feeding group compared with other dietary groups. In feeding stages 2, average daily gain of 0.4 and 0.6% glycine betaine groups were significantly higher than the control and 0.2% groups. Average daily feed intake and feed efficiency were no significant differences between the control and glycine betaine feeding groups. In feeding stages 3, average daily gain of 0.6% glycine betaine groups was higher than the other dietary groups. Average daily feed intake and feed efficiency were no significant differences between the control and glycine betaine feeding groups.
Thus, dietary glycine betaine could be influenced the pig growth performance.
As a result of this study, we assume that 0.4∼0.6% glycine betaine feeding was most efficient dietary level.
2. Recommendation
Now a days domestic pork industry has been suffering with imported pork that is much cheaper than domestic pork. To compete with imported pork, development of value-added pork using biological activities materials is necessary. As shown in this study, extracted glycine betaine from sugar beet cake contained various nutrients such as yeast, protein and minerals, and feed efficiency could be improved if it added in pig diets. Futhermore dietary glycine betaine could improve pork qualities such as meat color, water-holding capacity and tenderness.
Immunobiology activity in pig also could improve with dietary glycine betaine so that it could help pig farmer directly. Surprisingly appearance A grade of pork carcasses could be increased as increasing level of glycine betaine in pig diets.
Consequently using glycine betaine as a substitute of pig diets helps not only increasing income of pig farmer but also heath of consumers.

목차 Contents

• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 9
• CONTENTS ... 14
• 목 차 ... 15
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 16
• 제 1 절 연구개발의 목적 ... 16
• 제 2 절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 18
• 제 3 절 연구의 범위 ... 21
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 26
• 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 28
• 제 1 절 연구수행 방법 ... 28
• 제 2 절 베타인 급여에 의한 육질 변화 측정 ... 31
• 제 3 절 베타인 급여에 따른 도체특성 및 육질변화 측정 ... 62
• 제 4 절 베타인 생산공정 확립 ... 85
• 제 5 절 베타인 대량생산 기술개발 ... 98
• 제 6 절 사육 단계별 베타인 급여가 돼지성장에 미치는 효과 구명 ... 116
• 제 7 절 베타인을 이용한 저지방ㆍ기능성 돈육 생산 ... 130
• 제 8 절 산업화를 위한 기술 이전 ... 141
• 제 4 장 목표 달성도 및 관련 분야에의 기여도 ... 142
• 제 5 장 연구개발 결과의 활용 계획 ... 144
• 제 6 장 기대효과 ... 145
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 146
• 끝페이지 ... 152