초록 ▼

○ 연구결과
1. 제1세부과제 : 콩나물 부패병 내병성 계통 육성
가. 재래종 콩 계통 수집 및 특성조사
우리나라 재래 나물콩 총 227계통의 유전자원을 확보하였다. 순계분리한 후 주요 작물학적 특성 조사 및 콩나물 부패병 내병성을 검정하였다. 기존의 품종들도 종자은행 및 INTSOY로부터 38품종을 분양받아 내병성을 검정하였으며 완전저항성 유전자형은 찾지 못하였으나 Ogden 등 3품종이 상대적인 내병성을 나타내었다. 재래종 중 YN561 계통이 내병성 강한 자원으로 선발되었다.
나. 콩나물 부패병균의 수집,

○ 연구결과
1. 제1세부과제 : 콩나물 부패병 내병성 계통 육성
가. 재래종 콩 계통 수집 및 특성조사
우리나라 재래 나물콩 총 227계통의 유전자원을 확보하였다. 순계분리한 후 주요 작물학적 특성 조사 및 콩나물 부패병 내병성을 검정하였다. 기존의 품종들도 종자은행 및 INTSOY로부터 38품종을 분양받아 내병성을 검정하였으며 완전저항성 유전자형은 찾지 못하였으나 Ogden 등 3품종이 상대적인 내병성을 나타내었다. 재래종 중 YN561 계통이 내병성 강한 자원으로 선발되었다.
나. 콩나물 부패병균의 수집, 분리 및 동정
대구시 재래시장의 부패콩나물 124점으로부터 109균계를 분리하였다. 내병성 검정을 위한 8균계를 1차 선발하고, 병독성이 강한 1균계에 대해 정밀한 동정 분류를 실시하였다. 접종 환경 구명을 위하여 4처리의 온도 및 습도조건에 대한 실험을 실시한 결과 30℃, RH 90%가 적절한 것으로 판단되었다. 대량 screening 방법으로는 배축 절단 후 직접 균 현탁액에 침종하는 방법이 유망하였다.
다. 계통육성
등 9조합 511립의 교배종자, F1 65개체 선발, F2 457개체를 선발하였다. 포장에서 선발된 F3 개체 중 콩나물 부패병 내병성이 약한 개체들을 도태시키고 80계통을 선발하였다. YS99104-B-1-7, -4-1, YS99105-B-8-1, -8-2 등이 비교적 소립이면서 내병성이 강하여 유망시 되었다. 비린내 적은 콩나물 계통육성을 위해 <진품콩2호 x 광안콩> 등 3조합 18 F1 개체, F2 103개체를 선발, lipoxygenase-less 17개체를 최종적으로 선발하였다. 콩나물 생육경과에 따른 lipoxygenase의 발현 정도를 분석하였으며 비린내 적은 콩나물 육성의 가능성을 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 소백나물콩을 대비로 하여 (Williams x 야생콩)교잡 후대 F8세대 1계통에 대한 보완조사를 실시하여 품종등록 준비를 할 예정이다.
2. 제2세부과제 : 콩나물 품질향상 연구
가. 수집 재래 나물콩 계통별 특성조사
재래 나물콩 118계통의 배축장은 3-11.4cm로 계통에 따라 배축 신장 속도의 차이가 컸으며, 배축 신장성이 우수한 계통들의 T50은 20.4시간으로 저조한 계통들의 23.3시간보다 약간 빠른 경향이었다. 종피색과 배축신장성과의 관계는 일정한 경향이 없었으며, 100립중이 증가함에 따라 파종 후 4일 째의 배축장은 감소하였다. 배축의 신장성은 세포의 수 보다는 자엽 아래 4 cm 부위의 세포의 크기와 정의 상관관계를 나타내어, 세포의 크기가 큰 계통들이 배축신장성이 우수하였다.
나. 나물콩과 장콩의 특성비교
장콩과 나물콩 12품종의 치상 4일째 평균 배축장에서는 두 품종군간 차이가 없었으며 생체중은 나물콩이 약간 많았으나 품종에 따른 차이가 컸고 건물중 평균간에는 차이가 없었다. T50의 경우 장콩이(25.7) 나물콩에(23.9) 비하여 다소 큰 경향이어서 나물콩이 상대적으로 빠른 시간 내에 발아함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 나물콩은 장콩에 비하여 침지 초기에 수분흡수가 빠른 특성을 가지고 있었다.
다. 나물콩의 품질 관련 성분 분석
재래나물콩 17계통의 종실 조단백 39.5-44.4%, 조지방 4.9-5.6%, sucrose 4.2-7.2%, raffinose 0.6-1.04%, stachyose 2.2-3.3%, 올리고당 총 함량은 7.3-10.7%의 범위였다. Isoflavone 중 daidzin 16.3-126.9, genistin 76.9-220.8, daidzein 1.0-15.3, genistein 함량은 trace-8.6 mg/kg의 범위를 나타내었다. 종실에 비해 재배 4일째 콩나물 자엽의 조단백, 조지방 함량은 전반적으로 증가하였다. 총 아미노산은 종실보다 콩나물 자엽에서 평균 65.9mg 증가하였으며 콩 종실과 콩나물 자엽의 daidzin과 genistin 함량은 감소하였으나 daidzein과 genistein은 증가하였다.
라. 육성계통의 콩나물 특성
육성 계통중 선발된 24계통의 조단백 38.3-47.5%, 조지방 14.0-19.5%, 회분함량은 4.9-5.9%의 범위를 나타내었다. 이 들 계통의 평균 성분 함량은 기존의 재래나물콩과 큰 차이가 없었으나, 3022 및 3049계통은 조단백 함량이 비교적 높아 우수한 계통으로 평가되었다.

Abstract ▼

I. Breeding resistant soybean lines for sprout rot disease(1st subject)
A. Collection of local soybean lines and evaluation of characteristics
Total 227 Korean local soybean genotypes were collected and planted to evaluate agronomic characteristics. A plant was isolated to get a pure line fr

I. Breeding resistant soybean lines for sprout rot disease(1st subject)
A. Collection of local soybean lines and evaluation of characteristics
Total 227 Korean local soybean genotypes were collected and planted to evaluate agronomic characteristics. A plant was isolated to get a pure line from every collection and all the lines were screened for the sprout rot disease resistance. Useful germplasm known as resistant genotypes to fungal or bacterial disease were introduced from Seedbank and INTSOY, and resistance were screened. Several cultivars showed relative resistance, and YN561 and Shelby cultivar were selected as resistant sources for sprout rot disease.
B. Collection and identification of the pathogen of sprout rot disease
Decaying soy-sprouts were collected from local markets of Daegu in Summer. Total 124 samples were collected for 2 years and 109 pathogens lines were isolated. Activity of pathogen lines were tested and finally 8 lines were selected to apply for the resistance screening. The most useful bacterial line was selected and identified the taxa, genus and species, by DNA sequencing.
C. Resistance screening methods
To study the environmental factors affecting disease infection four temperatures and different relative humidity conditions were tested. To increase infection rate and to induce the genotypic difference in resistance temperature 30℃ and RH 90% were considered to be proper. Mass selection methods for the resistance to sprout rot disease were pursued. More efficient method was soaking root trimmed hypocotyl in inoculant and seed soaking method was fast and time saving, however, it was difficult to apply for screening due to little variation in resistance.
D. Breeding soybean lines
Selected comparatively resistant lines were crossed with recommended cultivars as , and 511 F1 seeds of 9 combinations were harvested.
Crossed 65 F1 individuals were grown in the field and harvested. Total 476 F2 plants were selected and 9 individuals were discarded due to low seed quality.
Selected F3 lines were screened for disease resistance to sprout rot. Comparative resistant lines were planted in the field and pedigree YS99104-B-1-7, -4-1, YS99105-B-8-1, and -8-2 seemed promising lines.
To breed low beany flavor soy sprout lines 18 F1 plants of 3 combinations including were harvested and 103 F2 plants were selected. Lipoxygenase(lx) isozymes were analysed for the selected individuals and finally 17 lines without lx were bred. Change of lx activity during growth of sprout were also analysed for those selected lines to select low beany taste sprout and high quality lines. Very small grains derived from the cross between were also selected and a F8 line is under the step to the new cultivar registration.
II. Quality improvement of soybean sprout (2nd subject)
A. Investigation of sprout characteristics of Korean native soybean local lines
Hypocotyl elongation characteristics and cytological characteristics were investigated in 118 local lines collected all over the country. Hypocotyl length at 4 days after seeding ranged from 3cm to 11.4cm, showing that each local lines had different hypocotyl elongation rates. Average T50 (time for 50% germination) of local lines having fast and slow hypocotyl growth rates were 20.4 and 23.3 hours, respectively, indicating that lines having fast growth rates tended to have relatively short T50. Water absorption patterns were similar in all tested local lines, suggesting that the absorption pattern might be not related with hypocotyl growth rates. Seed coat color also did not affect hypocotyl elongation rates. However, hypocotyl length 4 days after seeding showed to have negative correlation with 100 seed weights, i. e. lines of larger 100 seed weight tended to have smaller hypocotyl length. As hypocotyl length increased, the diameter of hypocotyl decreased a little. The number of cells in transverse section of hypocotyl was similar irrespectively of hypocotyl elongation rates. Cell size, however, at 4 cm below cotyledon showed positive correlation with hypocotyl elongation rates.
These results indicated that hypocotyl elongation rates were dependent on cell size but not on cell number.
B. Comparison of sprout growth characteristics in Namulkong(soybean seeds used for sprout) and Jangkong(used for bean paste)
To investigate of hypocotyl growth characteristics of namulkong and jangkong, 12 cultivars were grouped into two depending on 100 seed weights (small and large, 6 cultivars in each group). Then characteristics related with hypocotyl growth were compared between these two groups. Fresh weight of soybean sprout was a little bit higher in namulkong. Average T50 were 23.9 and 25.7 hours in namulkong and jangkong, respectively, indicating that namulkong germinated faster than jangkong. Total water contents after completion os germination were not different between two groups, but namulkong showed faster water absorption in early stage of imbibition. These results suggested that faster water absorption enhanced germination speed in namulkong group having small seed weights.
C. Analysis of contents regarding sprout quality in soybean sprout
Contents regarding soybean sprout quality were analyzed and compared in 17 local lines. Each content varied depending on local lines. Total contents of protein, lipid and ash in soybeans seeds ranged 39.5-44.4%, 16.2-20.4% and 4.9-5.6%, respectively. Sucrose, raffinose and stachyose contents were 4.2-7.2%, 0.6-1.04% and 2.2-3.3%, respectively, indicating that oligosaccharide content ranged 7.3-10.7%. Each isoflavone contents showed large variation. Contents of daidzin, genistin, daidzein and genistein were 16.3-126.9, 76.9-220.8, 1.0-15.3 and trace-8.6 mg/kg, respectively.
Contents of total protein and lipid generally increased in cotyledons of soybean sprout at 4 days after seeding and ash content decreased. Contents of fatty acids was highest in linoleic acid and followed by oleic and palmitic acids in seeds and cotyledons of sprout. Saturated fatty acids increased after germination and unsaturated fatty acids decreased, specially in oleic acid. Sugar contents decreased in cotyledon of sprout. The decreased extent were 2.27-5.45% in sucrose, 0.46-0.99% in raffinose and 1.73-2.89% in stachyose, depending on lines.
Total free amino acid contents increased by 65.9 mg in cotyledon of sprout.
However, glutamate and glycine contents decreased a little. Total free amino acids of line 13 increased by only 6.9 mg, but in line 7 by 137 mg. Daidzin and genistine content decreased after germination, but daidzein and genistein increased.
D. Contents analysis of breeded lines
Twenty-four lines having good field traits were selected from breeded lines. and these lines were possible candidates used for soybean sprout because of their relatively small seed weights. Protein, lipid, and ash contents were analyzed.
Contents of protein, lipid and ash ranged 38.3-47.5%, 14.0-19.5%, 4.9-5.9%, respectively. These contents of breeded lines were similar to Korean native local lines. However, line 3022 and 3049 were evaluated to have good quality because of their high protein contents.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 8
• CONTENTS ... 12
• 목차 ... 13
• 제1장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 14
• 제1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 14
• 제2절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 15
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 17
• 제1절 국내·외 관련기술의 현황 ... 17
• 제2절 앞으로 전망 ... 18
• 제3절 기술도입의 타당성 ... 18
• 제3장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 19
• 제1절 연구개발 방법 및 설계 ... 19
• 제2절 연구개발 추진체계 ... 20
• 제3절 연구내용 ... 21
• 제4절 연구결과 ... 26
• 1. 제1세부과제 : 콩나물 부패병 내병성 계통 육성 ... 26
• 가. 콩나물 부패병균 수집, 분리 ... 26
• 나. 발병조건 및 검정방법 연구 ... 28
• 다. 내병성 자원 탐색 ... 32
• 라. 계통 육성 ... 37
• 2. 협동과제 : 콩나물 품질향상 연구 ... 48
• 가. 수집 재래 나물콩 계통별 특성 조사 ... 48
• 나. 나물콩과 장콩의 특성 비교 ... 64
• 다. 나물콩의 품질관련 성분분석 ... 68
• 라. 육성 계통의 특성 분석 ... 85
• 제4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 87
• 1. 제1세부과제 : 콩나물 부패병 내병성 계통 육성 ... 87
• 2. 협동과제 : 콩나물 품질향상 연구 ... 87
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 88
• 제1절 활용방안 ... 88
• 제2절 추가적 연구 ... 89
• 제6장 참고문헌 ... 90
• 끝페이지 ... 92