초록 ▼

제1장 서 론
지역산업정책은 1999년 국민의 정부 이후 지역산업의 경쟁력을 강화하고 지역 간 균형발전을 도모하기 위해 본격적으로 추진되어 왔다. 그러나 지난 15년간의 추진과정에서 정책의 목표, 추진방식, 지원프로그램 등에 일관성이 없는 점이 지적되어 왔다. 정책의 성과를 제고하기 위해서는 이론적 기반을 강화하여 정책의 목표, 접근방식, 수단 간에 정합성을 유지할 필요가 있다.
본 연구는 지역산업정책의 추진과정에서 제기되는 주요 이슈들이 무엇인지 파악하고, 이론적으로 심층적으로 분석하고자 한다. 주요 이슈에 대한 분석을

제1장 서 론
지역산업정책은 1999년 국민의 정부 이후 지역산업의 경쟁력을 강화하고 지역 간 균형발전을 도모하기 위해 본격적으로 추진되어 왔다. 그러나 지난 15년간의 추진과정에서 정책의 목표, 추진방식, 지원프로그램 등에 일관성이 없는 점이 지적되어 왔다. 정책의 성과를 제고하기 위해서는 이론적 기반을 강화하여 정책의 목표, 접근방식, 수단 간에 정합성을 유지할 필요가 있다.
본 연구는 지역산업정책의 추진과정에서 제기되는 주요 이슈들이 무엇인지 파악하고, 이론적으로 심층적으로 분석하고자 한다. 주요 이슈에 대한 분석을 통해 지역산업정책의 의의와 한계를 명확하게 하고, 정책의 개선방향을 제시함으로써 향후 지역산업정책의 성과 제고에 기여하고자 한다. 본 연구는 중범위 수준에서 문제를 인식하고 분석하였으며, 지역산업정책의 개념과 범위, 논거, 목표, 전략, 추진주체, 지원수단 등을 주요 이슈로 다루었다.

Abstract ▼

□ Research Background and Purpose
For the last fifteen years, regional industrial policy has changed in terms of its goals, methods and supporting systems. Along with the changes in regime, the regional industrial goals have also transformed from ‘promoting the regional economy’ to ‘balancing nat

□ Research Background and Purpose
For the last fifteen years, regional industrial policy has changed in terms of its goals, methods and supporting systems. Along with the changes in regime, the regional industrial goals have also transformed from ‘promoting the regional economy’ to ‘balancing national development’, ‘strengthening regional competitiveness’, and ‘improving residents’quality of life’. The focus of regional industrial policy has also shifted from promoting province-level strategic industries to mega-city level leading industries, and then to province-level major industries. Recently, the number of strategic industries has been expanded from one to a maximum of eight perprovince. However, in order to increase productive outcomes of regional industrial policy, maintaining consistency between goals, approaches and means is crucial. To achieve such consistency, the theoretical basis of regional industrial policy should be strengthened.
There are three major problems to be considered in developing regional industrial policy in Korea as follows. First of all, policy goals should be clearly defined, in order to maintain consistency. Secondly, severe disparities between the initial goals and actual performance of regional industry policy should be resolved. For example, the central government often intervenes with the regional government’s initiated program through providing the guidelines. Third, strategies and means of regional industrial policy must be oriented towards achievement of fundamental goals. Regards to this issue, it is noticeable that industrial clustering strategy does not largely affect the balanced national development. A cluster is originally accompanied with geographic concentration of industries, and thus it may rather deepen regional disparity. Promoting innovation to balance national growth is another example of unsuitability, deviating from achieving competitiveness or productivity of lagged regions. This is because such regions usually lack absorptive ability and innovative capability to realize such innovation. Furthermore, selection and concentration on a strategic industry also seems inappropriate, because it may cause even greater disparity among industries in the region.
Thus, this research aims to achieve the following five purposes.
First, it examines the current issues of regional industrial policy; second, the issues are theoretically analyzed in-depth; third, contributions and limitations of regional industrial policy are defined; fourth, the ways to improve regional industrial policy are suggested; and finally, directions for better performance of regional industrial policy in the future are recommended.
□ Research Results
We determined the key issues of regional industrial policy to be the following. First, we examined regional industrial theories and their trends and reviewed the recent issues to clarify its concepts, scopes, rationales, purposes, strategies, entities and means. Accordingly, regional industrial policy is defined as “an intentional intervention of the government or the public sector to maintain and develop local business and industry.” Regional industrial policy includes both regional policy and industrial policy. This research approaches a region and industry at a meso-level and identifies them as relatively independent areas. Based on the above definition and approaches, we insist that a regional government initiated program with support from the central government is more suitable for achieving policy goals.
Second, we analyze the Korean regional industrial policy in terms of its goals, strategies, subjects and means.
Third, the cases of regional industrial policies of the EU, the United Kingdom, France and Japan are investigated. The case of the EU regional policy clearly shows a bottom-up approach. The UK implements an integrated policy at the central government level and emphasizes public private partnership (PPP). In France, the central government, especially DATAR, plays an important role in regional industrial policy. Japan has shifted its policy focus from balanced development to revitalization of its regional economy, and has adopted an endogenous development strategy.
Fourth, a survey of experts in this field was conducted. According to the survey, which addressed the goals of regional industrial policy, strengthening the region’s industrial competitiveness (received 8.8 out of 10) was regarded more important than balanced regional development (7.5). Also, a regional government-led bottom-up approach (7.9) was found to be more appropriate than a central government-led top-bottom approach (6.1). The survey also showed that an endogenous development strategy (8.3) is more important than an exogenous development one (7.2).
Fifth, the regression equation was estimated to identify regional industrial policy goals by using Korean data. It appears that when gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per capita increases, regional economic disparity (coefficient of variation) also increases. This shows that economic efficiency and regional disparity mitigation have a trade-off relationship. Hence, this study suggests that regional industrial policy goals should focus on strengthening the regional industries’competitiveness and efficiency.
Sixth, industry targeting, cluster formation and endogenous development methods have been examined as possible strategies for regional industrial policies. In a selective industry system, although it is appropriate for the central government to have a functional approach in all regions, it is job of regional governments to select and support the particular industries for their regions. For a successful cluster strategy, connections among corporations are very important. Therefore, an agglomeration of corporations is needed more than branch plants. As Korea’s economy evolves into an innovation-driven economy, the conversion from an exogenous development strategy focusing on attracting business & public investment to an endogenous development strategy, in which regional resources and potentials may be optimized, is necessary.
Seventh, the role of the central and local governments in regional industrial policy is analyzed. The local government takes a leading role in regional industrial policies while the central government takes a supportive role. The regional government designs and executes detailed plans and promotes interaction among economic entities. On the other hand, the central government acts as a coordinator and facilitator to help the regional government implement policies. More specifically, the central government constructs related institutional systems, provides administrative and financial aid, supports local capacity improvements and creates a spillover effect to other regions.
Eighth, for regional industrial policy means, revitalization of platform functions that enhance the externality of industrial clusters is necessary. Broker systems should be enhanced to facilitate network. Programs that strengthen policy making and execution capacity should be developed and supported. There should be a conversion from the existing cost-subsidy system to an investment supporting system. And a support system that promotes public-private partnership should be developed.
□ Direction of Policy Improvement
First, it is necessary to set a clear policy goal and present an intermediate objective for its evaluation. The main goal of regional industrial policies is to improve competitiveness by enhancing the productivity of local industries.
Second, growth potentials and opportunities of all regions should be utilized to their full potential. The national capital area plays the role of a pioneer of regional development with global functions. Central provincial cities serve as incubation base for innovation and supply business services. Small and medium size cities take the role of specializing in competitive fields and serve as bases for growth.
Third, each region should specialize in its comparative advantage. Each region needs to specialize and foster the industry that best suits its conditions. The central government should support every necessity that occurs in fostering regional industries and also help the regional government establish and implement their regional industrial policies.
Fourth, it is necessary to switch strategies from trying to attract companies of other regions to creating innovation through active interaction among enterprises. The focus of cluster formations needs to be converted from a passive approach of simply reducing costs to an active approach of creating value.
Fifth, sustainable growth should be promoted through an endogenous development strategy. As Korea’s economy transforms from an investment-driven economy to an innovation-driven economy, it is necessary to break away from development strategies of attracting external companies or public investments, and shift to an endogenous development strategy. Such a strategy will help to ease the financial burden of the central government in times of low growth rates.
Sixth, the regional government should secure regional autonomy, as the local government has more abundant information about regional characteristics and conditions that enable them to establish more fitting policies.
Seventh, policies that enhance the self-sustainability of a region should be supported. The central government-led regional industrial policy should be changed into a regional government-led one. In addition, the following three conditions must be fulfilled in order for the local government to successfully lead its regional industrial policy: ensured local devolution, expansion of financial independence and increased local government capacity of policy planning and implementation. Also, it is crucial to create public private partnerships (PPP) to attract private participation.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 머리말 ... 3
• 차 례 ... 7
• 표 차례 ... 9
• 그림 차례 ... 13
• 요 약 ... 15
• 제1장 서론 ... 39
• 1. 연구의 배경과 필요성 ... 39
• 2. 연구의 목적과 구성 ... 44
• 제2장 지역산업정책의 이론적 검토 ... 49
• 1. 지역산업정책의 개념과 범위 ... 49
• 2. 지역산업정책의 논거와 정당성 ... 62
• 3. 지역산업정책 관련 이론 검토 ... 65
• 4. 이론적 측면에서의 지역산업정책의 주요 이슈 ... 88
• 제3장 지역산업정책의 추진 과정 및 지역산업의 변화 ... 97
• 1. 지역산업정책의 추진 과정과 주요 변화 ... 97
• 2. 지역산업의 변화 추이 ... 121
• 3. 지역산업의 클러스터링 현황 ... 135
• 4. 실증적 측면에서의 지역산업정책의 주요 이슈 ... 147
• 제4장 지역산업육성정책에 대한 해외사례 및 설문조사 결과 분석 ... 159
• 1. 지역산업정책 해외사례 ... 159
• 2. 지역산업정책 설문조사 결과 분석 ... 210
• 제5장 지역산업정책의 목표와 전략 ... 224
• 1. 지역산업정책의 목표 : 효율과 형평 ... 224
• 2. 지역산업정책의 전략 1 : 산업타기팅 ... 248
• 3. 지역산업정책의 전략 2 : 클러스터 형성 ... 270
• 4. 지역산업정책의 전략 3 : 내생적 발전전략 ... 301
• 제6장 지역산업정책의 주체 및 지원수단 ... 324
• 1. 지역산업정책의 주체별 역할 ... 324
• 2. 지역산업정책 지원수단의 구성 ... 340
• 3. 지원수단의 배분 - 지역별 배분을 중심으로 ... 359
• 제7장 지역산업정책의 개선방향 ... 371
• 1. 기본방향 ... 371
• 2. 정책 개선방향 ... 377
• 3. 세부 추진과제 예시 ... 401
• 참고문헌 ... 409
• 부록 ... 423
• Abstract ... 457
• 끝페이지 ... 465