Backgrounds and Objectives: Hypercholesterolemia is now a major public health problem worldwide and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia has been rapidly increasing in Korea. Hyperlipidemia is usually polygenic, reflecting interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors. Kochujang(fermen...
Backgrounds and Objectives: Hypercholesterolemia is now a major public health problem worldwide and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia has been rapidly increasing in Korea. Hyperlipidemia is usually polygenic, reflecting interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors. Kochujang(fermented red pepper paste) is one of the most well-known traditional foods in Korea. Kochujang had lipid lowering effects and fermented Kochujang for 6 months exhibited more diminishable effects on body fat gain and lipid levels of adipose tissue and serum in rats according to several study. To our best knowledge, there has been few reports about clinical effect of Kochujang in human. The purpose of this study investigated the effects of freeze-drying Kochujang Pills on blood lipid in hyperlipidemic subjects. Material and method: The study was conducted in a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human trial. The subjects were required to be in good health except hyperlipidemia(110~190 mg/dL of LDL–cholesterol or 200~260 mg/dL of total cholesterol), between 19 and 55 yr of age. The exclusion criteria for the study were : (1) present or past major medical illness of cardiovascular, endocrine, urologic, respiratory or gastrointestinal systems ; (2) abnormal screening laboratory tests. Thirty subjects (42.0 ± 7.7 yr, 73.0 ± 14.4 kg) were randomly assigned to the placebo group(n=15, 34.5 g/day) and the Kochujang Pills group (n=15, 34.5 g/day). During the 12-week intervention period, subjects were asked to keep usual diet and activity, and prohibit to take medicine, functional foods and dietary supplements. The primary efficacy end points were plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and the safety measured adverse events, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram and vital signs. Result: Twenty-six subjects (13 subjects in Kochujang Pills group, 13 subjects in Placebo group) completed the study. After 12-week supplementation, plasma total cholesterol and cardiovascular autonomic function were significantly improved at Kochujang Pills group compared to those of placebo group (p=0.045, p=0.035). Kochujang Pills had a tendency to decrease level of LDL-cholesterol(p=0.074). No clinically significant changes in safety parameter were observed. Conclusion: The study suggests that freeze-drying Kochujang Pills (34.5 g/day) may be effective in improving blood lipid and parasympathetic nerve activity in hyperlipidemic subjects.
Backgrounds and Objectives: Hypercholesterolemia is now a major public health problem worldwide and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia has been rapidly increasing in Korea. Hyperlipidemia is usually polygenic, reflecting interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors. Kochujang(fermented red pepper paste) is one of the most well-known traditional foods in Korea. Kochujang had lipid lowering effects and fermented Kochujang for 6 months exhibited more diminishable effects on body fat gain and lipid levels of adipose tissue and serum in rats according to several study. To our best knowledge, there has been few reports about clinical effect of Kochujang in human. The purpose of this study investigated the effects of freeze-drying Kochujang Pills on blood lipid in hyperlipidemic subjects. Material and method: The study was conducted in a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human trial. The subjects were required to be in good health except hyperlipidemia(110~190 mg/dL of LDL–cholesterol or 200~260 mg/dL of total cholesterol), between 19 and 55 yr of age. The exclusion criteria for the study were : (1) present or past major medical illness of cardiovascular, endocrine, urologic, respiratory or gastrointestinal systems ; (2) abnormal screening laboratory tests. Thirty subjects (42.0 ± 7.7 yr, 73.0 ± 14.4 kg) were randomly assigned to the placebo group(n=15, 34.5 g/day) and the Kochujang Pills group (n=15, 34.5 g/day). During the 12-week intervention period, subjects were asked to keep usual diet and activity, and prohibit to take medicine, functional foods and dietary supplements. The primary efficacy end points were plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and the safety measured adverse events, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram and vital signs. Result: Twenty-six subjects (13 subjects in Kochujang Pills group, 13 subjects in Placebo group) completed the study. After 12-week supplementation, plasma total cholesterol and cardiovascular autonomic function were significantly improved at Kochujang Pills group compared to those of placebo group (p=0.045, p=0.035). Kochujang Pills had a tendency to decrease level of LDL-cholesterol(p=0.074). No clinically significant changes in safety parameter were observed. Conclusion: The study suggests that freeze-drying Kochujang Pills (34.5 g/day) may be effective in improving blood lipid and parasympathetic nerve activity in hyperlipidemic subjects.
주제어
#Kochujang, hyperlipidemia, Total cholesterol(TC), LDL cholesterol
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