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문제 정의
- In conclusion, this study demonstrates the human skin anti-aging effects of a cosmetic product containing RTA.
제안 방법
- Self-survey for efficacy was conducted at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment of test product. The participant replied to the questionnaires regarding the efficacy of the test product on a scale of one to five (1, strongly disagree; ~ 5, strongly agree).
- The analysis system allowed the quantitative description of skin wrinkle in terms of average depth of wrinkles, mean depth of the biggest wrinkle, maximum depth of biggest wrinkle, total wrinkle area, total wrinkle volume, arithmetic average of profile peaks within the total measuring length (Ra) and average maximum height of the profile (Rz).
- There are several strategies for treatments of aging skin[2,3]. The first approach aims at preventing photo-aging using sunscreens with chemical or physical UV filters. The second strategy uses active substances to postpone or even reduce the signs of skin aging.
- 82 yr). The participants used the test product on face twice daily (morning and evening) for 8 weeks after skin toner and lotion. The participants visited the research center every 2 weeks.
- Adverse skin reaction was defined as any unusual events occurred on the skin applied with the test product. The researcher recorded the subjective signs reported by the participants as well as the objective signs noted by the researcher.
대상 데이터
- Among them, 3 participants were dropped out (participants #05, #08, and #17, voluntary withdrawal), and the study was completed with 20 participants (average age 43.95 ± 3.82 yr).
- In total, 23 female participants were recruited. Among them, 3 participants were dropped out (participants #05, #08, and #17, voluntary withdrawal), and the study was completed with 20 participants (average age 43.
- The test cream contained 8000 PPM of RTA as the active ingredient (Ruby Crown, Daegu, Korea). All ingredients of this product, in decreasing order of their concentrations, are as follows; water, dicaprylyl carbonate, cetyl ethylhexanoate, glycerin, methylpropanediol, pentaerythrityl tetraethylhexanoate, cetearyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, polyglyceryl-3 methylglucose distearate, 1,2-hexanediol, coconut oil, dimethicone, RTA, PEG-100 stearate, sodium polyacrylate, isotridecyl isononanoate, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, butylene glycol, PEG-75 stearate, tromethamine, ethylhexylglycerin, dipotassium glycyrrhizate, ceteth-20, steareth-20, trideceth-6, dextrin, caprylyl glycol, cetyl alcohol, disodium EDTA, phenoxyethanol, fragrance.
데이터처리
- The normality assumption was checked by Shapiro-Wilks test, and analysis of Kurtosis and Skewness. Parametric statistical analysis was conducted using the Repeated Measures ANOVA. When the normality assumptions is rejected, non-parametric statistical analysis was performed using Post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction.
- Parametric statistical analysis was conducted using the Repeated Measures ANOVA. When the normality assumptions is rejected, non-parametric statistical analysis was performed using Post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.
이론/모형
- Skin elasticity on cheek was measured by a suction method using Cutometer® MPA580 (Courage & Khazaka, Germany)[22].
- software program (IBM, USA). The normality assumption was checked by Shapiro-Wilks test, and analysis of Kurtosis and Skewness. Parametric statistical analysis was conducted using the Repeated Measures ANOVA.
- The skin lightness and color were evaluated using spectrophotometric method. The skin lightness (L* value) of heavily pigmented sites increased at 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.
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