연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 신규간호사를 대상으로 직무 스트레스와, 자아존중감 및 회복탄력성이 현장적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 신규간호사의 성공적인 적응을 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 함이다.
연구방법: 본 연구는 B광역시에 소재한 1개 상급종합병원과 1개 종합병원에 근무하는 12개월 이하의 신규간호사를 대상으로 연구의 목적과 취지를 이해하고 연구 참여에 동의하고 서면 동의서를 작성한 110명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2018년 7월 9일부터 7월 31일까지 실시하였고, ...
국문초록
신규간호사의 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성이 현장적응에 미치는 영향
손 정 은 (간호학 전공) (지도교수: 김상희) 간호학과 인제대학교 대학원
연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 신규간호사를 대상으로 직무 스트레스와, 자아존중감 및 회복탄력성이 현장적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 신규간호사의 성공적인 적응을 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 함이다.
연구방법: 본 연구는 B광역시에 소재한 1개 상급종합병원과 1개 종합병원에 근무하는 12개월 이하의 신규간호사를 대상으로 연구의 목적과 취지를 이해하고 연구 참여에 동의하고 서면 동의서를 작성한 110명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2018년 7월 9일부터 7월 31일까지 실시하였고, 자료분석은 SPSSWIN 24.0 program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 기술통계를 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차로 분석하였고, 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성, 현장적응 정도는 평균과 표준편차로 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성, 현장적응 정도의 차이는 t-test, ANOVA로 분석하였고 사후검정은 Scheffé test로 분석하였다. 각 변수의 상관관계는 피어슨 상관계수(Pearson’s correlation coefficient)로, 현장적응에 미치는 영향요인은 단계적 다중회귀(stepwise multiple regression)로 분석하였다.
연구결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 대상자의 일반적인 특성은 연령은 22세가 37.3%(41명), 23세가 41.8%(46명), 24세 이상이 20.9%(23명) 순이었다. 학력은 4년제 대학교 졸업자가 75.5%(83명)로 가장 많았고 결혼 상태는 95.5%(105명)가 미혼이었다. 종교는 77.3%(85명)이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 주관적 건강상태는 양호 40.9%(45명), 보통 54.5%(60명)이었다. 근무기간은 4개월에서 5개월 사이가 60.0%(66명)로 가장 많았고, 근무지는 내과계 병동이 20.9%(23명), 외과계 병동이 31.8%(35명), 내외과계 병동이 6.4%(7명), 산/소아과 병동이 10.0%(11명), 수술/회복실이 6.4%(7명), 중환자실 11.8%(13명), 응급실4.5%(5명), 그 외 기타부서가 8.2%(9명)으로 조사되었다. 현재 자신의 근무지가 희망부서였는지는 60.9%(67명)이 예, 39.1%(43명)이 아니오 라고 대답하였고, 희망 휴무일에 쉴 수 있는가는 16.4%(18명) 그렇다, 54.5%(60명) 보통이다, 29.1%(32명) 그렇지 않다고 나타났다. 경제적 도움을 주어야 한다는 64.5%(71명)로 가장 많았고, 간호직을 택한 동기는 20.8%(22명) 가족, 친지의 권유, 18.9%(20명) 적성과 흥미, 23.6%(25명) 취업, 17.0%(18명) 직업적 동기, 17.0%(18명) 전문직, 그 외 기타 2.7%(3명)으로 조사되었다. 프리셉터와의 관계는 매우만족 48.2%(53명)로 가장 많았고, 간호직에 대한 만족도는 47.2%(52명)이 만족, 40.0%(44명)이 보통, 12.8%(14명)이 불만족 한다고 응답하였다.
2. 대상자의 직무 스트레스 정도는 최저 50점, 최고 125점 중 평균 83.25점±12.86이고, 대상자의 자아존중감 정도는 최저 19점, 최고 38점 중 평균 28.15±3.88점이었으며, 회복탄력성 정도는 최저 33점, 최고 80점 중 평균 56.12±10.83이었다. 대상자의 현장적응 정도는 최저 81점, 최고 148점 중 평균 118.74±13.11점이었다.
3. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스 정도는 근무부서(F=5.35, p<.001), 희망부서배치(t=-2.65, p=.009), 희망 휴무일 가능 여부(F=6.63, p=.002), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.50, p=.035), 프리셉터 관계(F=6.23, p=.003), 간호직 만족도(F=6.70, p=.002)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
4. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 자아존중감 정도는 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.69, p=.025), 간호직 만족도(F=9.31, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
5. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 회복탄력성 정도는 근무기간(F=4.63, p=.012)과 경제적 도움여부(t=2.02, p=.045), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.32, p=.048), 간호직 만족도(F=11.78, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
6. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 현장적응 정도는 건강상태(F=3.95, p=.022)와 희망부서배치(t=3.22, p=.002), 희망휴무일(F=5.97, p=.003), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=5.05, p<.001), 간호직 만족도(F=21.10, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
7. 상관관계를 살펴보면 직무 스트레스는 회복탄력성(r=-.24, p<.010)과 현장적응(r=-.62, p<.001)과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 자아존중감은 회복탄력성(r=.59, p<.001)과 현장적응(r=.34, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었고, 회복탄력성은 현장적응(r=.50, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 8. 대상자의 현장적응에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 직무 스트레스(β=-.47, p<.001))와 회복탄력성(β=.37, p<.001), 간호직 만족도(β=-10.96, p<.001), 희망부서배치(β=3.39, p<.001),가 유의하게 나타났다. 현장적응에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 직무 스트레스로 설명력은 38.7%이었으며, 독립변수인 직무 스트레스, 회복탄력성, 간호직 만족도 그리고 희망부서배치가 종속변수인 현장적응에 미치는 영향은 60.2%의 설명력으로 나타났다(F=42.14, p<.001).
결론: 본 연구를 통해 신규간호사의 현장적응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 직무 스트레스, 회복탄력성, 간호직 만족도, 희망부서배치로 나타났으며 가장 큰 영향요인은 직무 스트레스로 확인되었다. 따라서 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시키기 위해 업무 중 발생 하는 직무 스트레스 요인을 잘 파악하여 이를 효과적으로 중재할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고, 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시키기 위해서 회복탄력성을 증진시키기 위한 방안이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 신규간호사의 부서 배치 시 개인의 희망 부서를 사전에 조사하여 인력배치에 최대한 반영하여 간호직 만족도를 향상시키고, 성공적인 현장적응을 위한 프로그램을 마련하여야 할 것이다. 이를 통해 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시켜 간호 인력관리에 효율성을 높일 수 있고, 직무만족도도 높아져 환자에게 더 나은 서비스를 제공하게 될 것이라 사료된다.
중심 단어 : 신규간호사, 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성, 현장적응
국문초록
신규간호사의 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성이 현장적응에 미치는 영향
손 정 은 (간호학 전공) (지도교수: 김상희) 간호학과 인제대학교 대학원
연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 신규간호사를 대상으로 직무 스트레스와, 자아존중감 및 회복탄력성이 현장적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 신규간호사의 성공적인 적응을 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 함이다.
연구방법: 본 연구는 B광역시에 소재한 1개 상급종합병원과 1개 종합병원에 근무하는 12개월 이하의 신규간호사를 대상으로 연구의 목적과 취지를 이해하고 연구 참여에 동의하고 서면 동의서를 작성한 110명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2018년 7월 9일부터 7월 31일까지 실시하였고, 자료분석은 SPSS WIN 24.0 program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 기술통계를 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차로 분석하였고, 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성, 현장적응 정도는 평균과 표준편차로 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스, 자아존중감, 회복탄력성, 현장적응 정도의 차이는 t-test, ANOVA로 분석하였고 사후검정은 Scheffé test로 분석하였다. 각 변수의 상관관계는 피어슨 상관계수(Pearson’s correlation coefficient)로, 현장적응에 미치는 영향요인은 단계적 다중회귀(stepwise multiple regression)로 분석하였다.
연구결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 대상자의 일반적인 특성은 연령은 22세가 37.3%(41명), 23세가 41.8%(46명), 24세 이상이 20.9%(23명) 순이었다. 학력은 4년제 대학교 졸업자가 75.5%(83명)로 가장 많았고 결혼 상태는 95.5%(105명)가 미혼이었다. 종교는 77.3%(85명)이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 주관적 건강상태는 양호 40.9%(45명), 보통 54.5%(60명)이었다. 근무기간은 4개월에서 5개월 사이가 60.0%(66명)로 가장 많았고, 근무지는 내과계 병동이 20.9%(23명), 외과계 병동이 31.8%(35명), 내외과계 병동이 6.4%(7명), 산/소아과 병동이 10.0%(11명), 수술/회복실이 6.4%(7명), 중환자실 11.8%(13명), 응급실4.5%(5명), 그 외 기타부서가 8.2%(9명)으로 조사되었다. 현재 자신의 근무지가 희망부서였는지는 60.9%(67명)이 예, 39.1%(43명)이 아니오 라고 대답하였고, 희망 휴무일에 쉴 수 있는가는 16.4%(18명) 그렇다, 54.5%(60명) 보통이다, 29.1%(32명) 그렇지 않다고 나타났다. 경제적 도움을 주어야 한다는 64.5%(71명)로 가장 많았고, 간호직을 택한 동기는 20.8%(22명) 가족, 친지의 권유, 18.9%(20명) 적성과 흥미, 23.6%(25명) 취업, 17.0%(18명) 직업적 동기, 17.0%(18명) 전문직, 그 외 기타 2.7%(3명)으로 조사되었다. 프리셉터와의 관계는 매우만족 48.2%(53명)로 가장 많았고, 간호직에 대한 만족도는 47.2%(52명)이 만족, 40.0%(44명)이 보통, 12.8%(14명)이 불만족 한다고 응답하였다.
2. 대상자의 직무 스트레스 정도는 최저 50점, 최고 125점 중 평균 83.25점±12.86이고, 대상자의 자아존중감 정도는 최저 19점, 최고 38점 중 평균 28.15±3.88점이었으며, 회복탄력성 정도는 최저 33점, 최고 80점 중 평균 56.12±10.83이었다. 대상자의 현장적응 정도는 최저 81점, 최고 148점 중 평균 118.74±13.11점이었다.
3. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스 정도는 근무부서(F=5.35, p<.001), 희망부서배치(t=-2.65, p=.009), 희망 휴무일 가능 여부(F=6.63, p=.002), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.50, p=.035), 프리셉터 관계(F=6.23, p=.003), 간호직 만족도(F=6.70, p=.002)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
4. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 자아존중감 정도는 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.69, p=.025), 간호직 만족도(F=9.31, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
5. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 회복탄력성 정도는 근무기간(F=4.63, p=.012)과 경제적 도움여부(t=2.02, p=.045), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=2.32, p=.048), 간호직 만족도(F=11.78, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
6. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 현장적응 정도는 건강상태(F=3.95, p=.022)와 희망부서배치(t=3.22, p=.002), 희망휴무일(F=5.97, p=.003), 간호직을 선택한 동기(F=5.05, p<.001), 간호직 만족도(F=21.10, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.
7. 상관관계를 살펴보면 직무 스트레스는 회복탄력성(r=-.24, p<.010)과 현장적응(r=-.62, p<.001)과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 자아존중감은 회복탄력성(r=.59, p<.001)과 현장적응(r=.34, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었고, 회복탄력성은 현장적응(r=.50, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 8. 대상자의 현장적응에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 직무 스트레스(β=-.47, p<.001))와 회복탄력성(β=.37, p<.001), 간호직 만족도(β=-10.96, p<.001), 희망부서배치(β=3.39, p<.001),가 유의하게 나타났다. 현장적응에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 직무 스트레스로 설명력은 38.7%이었으며, 독립변수인 직무 스트레스, 회복탄력성, 간호직 만족도 그리고 희망부서배치가 종속변수인 현장적응에 미치는 영향은 60.2%의 설명력으로 나타났다(F=42.14, p<.001).
결론: 본 연구를 통해 신규간호사의 현장적응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 직무 스트레스, 회복탄력성, 간호직 만족도, 희망부서배치로 나타났으며 가장 큰 영향요인은 직무 스트레스로 확인되었다. 따라서 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시키기 위해 업무 중 발생 하는 직무 스트레스 요인을 잘 파악하여 이를 효과적으로 중재할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고, 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시키기 위해서 회복탄력성을 증진시키기 위한 방안이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 신규간호사의 부서 배치 시 개인의 희망 부서를 사전에 조사하여 인력배치에 최대한 반영하여 간호직 만족도를 향상시키고, 성공적인 현장적응을 위한 프로그램을 마련하여야 할 것이다. 이를 통해 신규간호사의 현장적응을 향상시켜 간호 인력관리에 효율성을 높일 수 있고, 직무만족도도 높아져 환자에게 더 나은 서비스를 제공하게 될 것이라 사료된다.
The Influence of Job Stress, Self-Esteem, and Resilience on the Field Adaptation in Newly Graduated Nurses
Son Joung Eun (Majoring in Nursing) (Advisor: Professor Kim Sang Hee) Department of Nursing Graduate School, Inje University
Purpose: ...
Abstract
The Influence of Job Stress, Self-Esteem, and Resilience on the Field Adaptation in Newly Graduated Nurses
Son Joung Eun (Majoring in Nursing) (Advisor: Professor Kim Sang Hee) Department of Nursing Graduate School, Inje University
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to provide the basic materials in developing a program for the successful adaptation of the newly graduated nurses by understanding the influences of the job stress, the self-esteem, and the resilience on the field adaptation with the newly graduated nurses as the subjects.
Methods: Regarding this research, the subjects had been the newly graduated nurses who had worked for 12 months or less at one upper class, general hospital and one general hospital located in the B Metropolitan City and the subjects had been the 110 persons who had understood the purpose and the intent of the research, who agreed to the participation in the research, and who wrote the written consents. Regarding the time period of the collection of the data, it had been carried out from July 9, 2018 until July 31, 2018. And, regarding the analysis of the data, the analysis had taken place by using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Regarding the general, special characteristics of the subjects, by using the technical statistics, the frequency, the percentage, the average, and the standard deviations had been analyzed. And the extents of the job stress, the self-esteem, the resilience, and the field adaptation had been analyzed with the averages and the standard deviations. Regarding the differences of the extents of the job stress, the self-esteem, the resilience, and the field adaptation resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the analysis had taken place with the t-test and the ANOVA. And, regarding the afterwards test, the analysis had taken place with the Scheffé test. Regarding the correlations between each variable, they had been analyzed with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. And, regarding the influence factors on the field adaptation, the analysis had taken place with the stepwise multiple regression.
Results: The results of this study are as follows.
1. Regarding the ages of the subjects with the general, special characteristics, 22 years old was 37.3% (41 persons), 23 years old was 41.8% (46 persons), and 24 years old or older was 20.9% (23 persons), in that order. Regarding the academic backgrounds, the graduates of the 4-year universities were the most at 75.5% (83 persons). And, regarding the marriage condition, 95.5% (105 persons) were unmarried. Regarding the religion, it appeared that 77.3% (85 persons) did not have it. And, regarding the subjective condition of the health, good was 40.9% (45 persons) and ordinary was 54.5% (60 persons). Regarding the time period of the work, between 4 months and 5 months was the most at 60.0% (66 persons). And, regarding the place of the work, it was investigated to be 20.9% (23 persons) for the internal medicine ward, 31.8% (35 persons) for the surgery ward, 6.4% (7 persons) for the internal medicine and surgery ward, 10.0% (11 persons) for the gynecology and pediatrics ward, 6.4% (7 persons) for the operation and recovery rooms, 11.8% (13 persons) for the intensive care unit, 4.5% (5 persons) for the emergency room, and 8.2% (9 persons) for the other departments. Regarding whether or not one's place of work is a department that had been hoped for, 60.9% (67 persons) answered "Yes" and 39.1% (43 persons) answered "No". And, regarding whether one can take a rest on the day off that had been hoped for, 16.4% (18 persons) said "Yes", 54.5% (60 persons) said "Ordinary", and 29.1% (32 persons) said "No." The financial help must be given was the most at 64.5% (71 persons). And, regarding the motivation for selecting the nursing job, the family was at 20.8% (22 persons), the recommendation by a close friend was at 18.9% (20 persons), the aptitude and interest was at 23.6% (25 persons), the employment was at 17.0% (18 persons), the occupational motivation was at 17.0% (18 persons), and the expertise and the others was 2.7% (3%). Regarding the relationship with the preceptor, very satisfied was the most at 48.2% (53 persons). And, regarding the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job, 47.2% (52 persons) answered "satisfied", 40.0% (44 persons) answered "ordinary", and 12.8% (14 persons) answered "dissatisfied".
2. Regarding the extent of the job stress of the subjects, between the lowest of 50 points and the highest of 125 points, the average was 83.25 ±12.86 points, the extent of the self-esteem of the subjects was between the lowest of 19 points and the highest of 38 points, with the average being 28.15±3.88 points, and the extent of the resilience was between the lowest of 33 points and the highest of 80 points, with the average being 56.12±10.83 points. The extent of the field adaptation of the subjects was between the lowest of 81 points and the highest of 148 points, with the average being 118.74±13.11.
3. Regarding the extent of the job stress resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared between the department of the work (F=5.35, p<.001), the arrangement to the department hoped for (t=-2.65, p=.009), whether or not the hoped day off is possible (F=6.63, p=.002), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.50, p=.035), the preceptor relationship (F=6.23, p=.003), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=6.70, p=.002).
4. Regarding the extent of the self-esteem resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.69, p=.025) and in the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=9.31, p<.001).
5. Regarding the extent of the resilience resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the time period of the work (F=4.63, p=.012), whether or not it is economically helpful (t=2.02, p=.045), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.32, p=.048), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=11.78, p<.001).
6. Regarding the extent of the field adaptation resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the health condition (F=3.95, p=.022), the assignment to the department hoped for (t=3.22, p=.002), the days off hoped for (F=5.97, p=.003), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=5.05, p<.001), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=21.10, p<.001).
7. If we are to take a look at the correlations, the job stress had the significant, negative correlations with the resilience (r=-.24, p<.010) and the field adaptation (r=-.62, p<.001). Regarding the self-esteem, it had the significant, positive correlation with the resilience (r=.59, p<.001) and the field adaptation (r=.34, p<.001). And, regarding the resilience, the significant, positive correlation with the field adaptation (r=.50, p<.001) appeared.
8. Regarding the factors that have the influences on the field adaptation by the subjects, the job stress (β=-.47, p<.001), the resilience (β=.37, p<.001), the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (β=-10.96, p<.001), and the assignment to the department hoped for (β=3.39, p<.001) appeared as the significant, influential factors. The factor that has the biggest influence on the field adaptation was the job stress. The explanatory power was 38.7%. Influence of the independent variables which are job stress, the reliance, satisfaction with the nursing job and to be assigned to the hoped department to the dependent variable which is field adaptation was 60.2% (F=42.14, p<.001).
Conclusions: Through this study, it had appeared that the factors that have the influences on the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses were the job stress, the resilience, the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job, and the assignment to the department hoped for. And the biggest influential factor had been confirmed to be the job stress. As a result, I believe that, in order to improve the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, by understanding well the job stress factors that occur during the work, a plan for effectively mediating them needs to be sought for and that, in order to improve the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, a plan for promoting the resilience will be needed. Also, when assigning a newly graduated nurses to a department, by investigating the department hoped for by an individual beforehand and by maximally reflecting it in the manpower placements, the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job must be improved and a program for successful field adaptation must be prepared. It is thought that, through this, by improving the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, the efficiency of the management of the nursing manpower can be heightened and, because the level of the satisfaction with the job, too, gets higher, the better services can be provided to the patients.
The Influence of Job Stress, Self-Esteem, and Resilience on the Field Adaptation in Newly Graduated Nurses
Son Joung Eun (Majoring in Nursing) (Advisor: Professor Kim Sang Hee) Department of Nursing Graduate School, Inje University
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to provide the basic materials in developing a program for the successful adaptation of the newly graduated nurses by understanding the influences of the job stress, the self-esteem, and the resilience on the field adaptation with the newly graduated nurses as the subjects.
Methods: Regarding this research, the subjects had been the newly graduated nurses who had worked for 12 months or less at one upper class, general hospital and one general hospital located in the B Metropolitan City and the subjects had been the 110 persons who had understood the purpose and the intent of the research, who agreed to the participation in the research, and who wrote the written consents. Regarding the time period of the collection of the data, it had been carried out from July 9, 2018 until July 31, 2018. And, regarding the analysis of the data, the analysis had taken place by using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Regarding the general, special characteristics of the subjects, by using the technical statistics, the frequency, the percentage, the average, and the standard deviations had been analyzed. And the extents of the job stress, the self-esteem, the resilience, and the field adaptation had been analyzed with the averages and the standard deviations. Regarding the differences of the extents of the job stress, the self-esteem, the resilience, and the field adaptation resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the analysis had taken place with the t-test and the ANOVA. And, regarding the afterwards test, the analysis had taken place with the Scheffé test. Regarding the correlations between each variable, they had been analyzed with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. And, regarding the influence factors on the field adaptation, the analysis had taken place with the stepwise multiple regression.
Results: The results of this study are as follows.
1. Regarding the ages of the subjects with the general, special characteristics, 22 years old was 37.3% (41 persons), 23 years old was 41.8% (46 persons), and 24 years old or older was 20.9% (23 persons), in that order. Regarding the academic backgrounds, the graduates of the 4-year universities were the most at 75.5% (83 persons). And, regarding the marriage condition, 95.5% (105 persons) were unmarried. Regarding the religion, it appeared that 77.3% (85 persons) did not have it. And, regarding the subjective condition of the health, good was 40.9% (45 persons) and ordinary was 54.5% (60 persons). Regarding the time period of the work, between 4 months and 5 months was the most at 60.0% (66 persons). And, regarding the place of the work, it was investigated to be 20.9% (23 persons) for the internal medicine ward, 31.8% (35 persons) for the surgery ward, 6.4% (7 persons) for the internal medicine and surgery ward, 10.0% (11 persons) for the gynecology and pediatrics ward, 6.4% (7 persons) for the operation and recovery rooms, 11.8% (13 persons) for the intensive care unit, 4.5% (5 persons) for the emergency room, and 8.2% (9 persons) for the other departments. Regarding whether or not one's place of work is a department that had been hoped for, 60.9% (67 persons) answered "Yes" and 39.1% (43 persons) answered "No". And, regarding whether one can take a rest on the day off that had been hoped for, 16.4% (18 persons) said "Yes", 54.5% (60 persons) said "Ordinary", and 29.1% (32 persons) said "No." The financial help must be given was the most at 64.5% (71 persons). And, regarding the motivation for selecting the nursing job, the family was at 20.8% (22 persons), the recommendation by a close friend was at 18.9% (20 persons), the aptitude and interest was at 23.6% (25 persons), the employment was at 17.0% (18 persons), the occupational motivation was at 17.0% (18 persons), and the expertise and the others was 2.7% (3%). Regarding the relationship with the preceptor, very satisfied was the most at 48.2% (53 persons). And, regarding the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job, 47.2% (52 persons) answered "satisfied", 40.0% (44 persons) answered "ordinary", and 12.8% (14 persons) answered "dissatisfied".
2. Regarding the extent of the job stress of the subjects, between the lowest of 50 points and the highest of 125 points, the average was 83.25 ±12.86 points, the extent of the self-esteem of the subjects was between the lowest of 19 points and the highest of 38 points, with the average being 28.15±3.88 points, and the extent of the resilience was between the lowest of 33 points and the highest of 80 points, with the average being 56.12±10.83 points. The extent of the field adaptation of the subjects was between the lowest of 81 points and the highest of 148 points, with the average being 118.74±13.11.
3. Regarding the extent of the job stress resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared between the department of the work (F=5.35, p<.001), the arrangement to the department hoped for (t=-2.65, p=.009), whether or not the hoped day off is possible (F=6.63, p=.002), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.50, p=.035), the preceptor relationship (F=6.23, p=.003), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=6.70, p=.002).
4. Regarding the extent of the self-esteem resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.69, p=.025) and in the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=9.31, p<.001).
5. Regarding the extent of the resilience resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the time period of the work (F=4.63, p=.012), whether or not it is economically helpful (t=2.02, p=.045), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=2.32, p=.048), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=11.78, p<.001).
6. Regarding the extent of the field adaptation resulting from the general, special characteristics of the subjects, the significant differences appeared in the health condition (F=3.95, p=.022), the assignment to the department hoped for (t=3.22, p=.002), the days off hoped for (F=5.97, p=.003), the motivation behind selecting the nursing job (F=5.05, p<.001), and the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (F=21.10, p<.001).
7. If we are to take a look at the correlations, the job stress had the significant, negative correlations with the resilience (r=-.24, p<.010) and the field adaptation (r=-.62, p<.001). Regarding the self-esteem, it had the significant, positive correlation with the resilience (r=.59, p<.001) and the field adaptation (r=.34, p<.001). And, regarding the resilience, the significant, positive correlation with the field adaptation (r=.50, p<.001) appeared.
8. Regarding the factors that have the influences on the field adaptation by the subjects, the job stress (β=-.47, p<.001), the resilience (β=.37, p<.001), the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job (β=-10.96, p<.001), and the assignment to the department hoped for (β=3.39, p<.001) appeared as the significant, influential factors. The factor that has the biggest influence on the field adaptation was the job stress. The explanatory power was 38.7%. Influence of the independent variables which are job stress, the reliance, satisfaction with the nursing job and to be assigned to the hoped department to the dependent variable which is field adaptation was 60.2% (F=42.14, p<.001).
Conclusions: Through this study, it had appeared that the factors that have the influences on the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses were the job stress, the resilience, the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job, and the assignment to the department hoped for. And the biggest influential factor had been confirmed to be the job stress. As a result, I believe that, in order to improve the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, by understanding well the job stress factors that occur during the work, a plan for effectively mediating them needs to be sought for and that, in order to improve the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, a plan for promoting the resilience will be needed. Also, when assigning a newly graduated nurses to a department, by investigating the department hoped for by an individual beforehand and by maximally reflecting it in the manpower placements, the level of the satisfaction with the nursing job must be improved and a program for successful field adaptation must be prepared. It is thought that, through this, by improving the field adaptation by a newly graduated nurses, the efficiency of the management of the nursing manpower can be heightened and, because the level of the satisfaction with the job, too, gets higher, the better services can be provided to the patients.
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