[논문]부모의 권위감과 양육행동이 청소년의 자율성에 미치는 영향: 중국과 미국 청소년을 중심으로

임지영

doi:10.5934/kjhe.2008.17.6.1115

[국내논문] 부모의 권위감과 양육행동이 청소년의 자율성에 미치는 영향: 중국과 미국 청소년을 중심으로
The Influence of Adolescent's Perceptions of Parental Authority and Parenting Behaviors on Teen's Autonomy in China and the United States 원문보기

한국생활과학회지 = Korean journal of human ecology, v.17 no.6, 2008년, pp.1115 - 1124

임지영 (마이애미 대학교)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Although parent-child relationships are fundamental aspects of human development across all societies, this relationship is also shaped in significant ways by culture. Therefore, the present study sought to determine whether adolescent autonomy was predicted in a similar or differential manner by several parent-adolescent variables consisting of parenting behavior, parental authority, and parents' educational attainment in samples of Chinese and American adolescents. The sample for this study included 418 Chinese adolescents and 226 American adolescents. Utilizing structural equation modeling, the results revealed that the effect of paternal authority on adolescent autonomy development is indirect, with the indirect effect being mediated by the authoritative parenting behaviors for both cultural groups. Therefore, the analyses for Chinese and European American youth generated similar association patterns, such that parenting behaviors served as a mediator in the relationship between paternal authority and adolescents' autonomy development. The significance of this present study is to contribute to existing knowledge in the field of adolescent development and to the literature on how parental behaviors and authority in collectivistic societies and individualist societies influence adolescent development.

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문제 정의

The significance of this present study is to contribute to existing knowledge in the field of adolescent development and to the literature on how parental behaviors and authority in collectivistic societies and individualist societies influence adolescent development. Also, inclusion of two national groups, Chinese and European-Americans, which have been suggested by previous research to vary in the extent of adherence to cultural values (i.
The significance of this present study, therefore, is to contribute to existing knowledge in the field of adolescent development and to the literature on how parental behaviors and authority in collectivistic societies and individualist societies influence adolescent development.

가설 설정

Research question 1: Is the impact of parental authority on adolescent autonomy is mediated by parenting behaviors for both Chinese and European American adolescents?
Research question 2: Is there any difference between Chinese Adolescent and European American Adolescents in the relationship among parental authority, parenting behaviors, and adolescent autonomy?

제안 방법

, 1999) This scale assesses adolescents' perceptions of their parents7 interpersonal resources and was composed of items measuring referent, expert, legitimate, reward, and coercive authority. The participants responded to the items in terms of a four-point Likert scale which varies from "Strongly Agree" (4 points) to "Strongly Disagree" (1 point). With the negative valence items reverse coded, the items within each subscale are summed for a total score in reference to each parent, with higher scores indicating higher levels authority.
Based on the results after testing the proposed model, this research study has come up with some interesting answers and ideas regarding the impact of paternal authority, and authoritative parenting behaviors on the development of autonomy. Some of the results in many respects confirm what has been found in previous similar studies with samples in Western societies or cultures.
In order to explore the characteristics of the sample, analyses of demographics including mean, standard deviation, and frequencies and percentages were performed first (See the sample section). In addition, two structural equation models (one for Chinese youth and one for European American youth) were performed to test for the relationship among parental authority, parental behaviors and adolescent autonomy after controlling for the paternal education levels.
The survey asked adolescents to report their perceptions of both their fathers7 and mothers'parenting behaviors separately on a number of domains and other characteristics such as familism, academic achievement and self-efficacy. Socio-demographic information such as age, gender, ethnicity, religious affiliation, household composition, parental occupational status and parental educational background were also assessed in the questionnaire.
The present study is based on a cross-sectional survey design using self-report data from adolescents. There is no conditions or groups assigned by researchers.
The proposed research involves an examination of the relationships among variables associated with adolescents' perceptions of paternal authority (i.ev expert authority, and legitimate authority), components of authoritative parenting (i.e.z supportive parenting, reasoning, and monitoring behaviors), and adolescent autonomy, as well as potential similarity and differences in these relationships as a fuiKtion of culture. In order to accomplish these objectives, structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation was used.
The survey asked adolescents to report their perceptions of both their fathers7 and mothers'parenting behaviors separately on a number of domains and other characteristics such as familism, academic achievement and self-efficacy. Socio-demographic information such as age, gender, ethnicity, religious affiliation, household composition, parental occupational status and parental educational background were also assessed in the questionnaire.

대상 데이터

The sample for this study included 418 Qiinese adolescents (246 female, 158 male, and 14 missing values) and 226 American adolescents (114 female, 111 male, and 1 missing value). Adolescents reported on their behavior (e.

이론/모형

For this present study, the Standard deviation of Indicators by Culture of parental monitoring, parental support and parental reasoning were assessed with the Parent Behavior Measure (PBM). This is a self-report instrument that measures adolescent's perceptions of several supportive and controlling dimensions of socialization behavior that parents direct at adolescents (Peterson, Bush, & Supple, 1999).
z supportive parenting, reasoning, and monitoring behaviors), and adolescent autonomy, as well as potential similarity and differences in these relationships as a fuiKtion of culture. In order to accomplish these objectives, structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation was used. The data were analyzed with LISREL 8.
In order to accomplish these objectives, structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation was used. The data were analyzed with LISREL 8.3 Qoreskog & Sorboirv 1993).

성능/효과

Also, results in this study indicated that authoritative parenting including all of paternal monitoring, support, and reasoning was a significant predictor of autonomy among adolescents. What this results means is that parents who do a good job of knowing what their kids are doing in school, where they are after school, the type of friends their child hang around with and generally conveys feelings of love and bein응 there for their adolescents always leads to positive social competences.
Although theactual circumstance may be some combination of individualism and coDectivism in most cultures, the model examined in this paper tests the assumption that individualism (or a focus on autonomy) is more a product of American parent-adolescent relations than is true of China, often cited as a classic example of a collectivistic culture. Socialization process in Asia are commonly viewed as emphasizing family cohesion (ie, familism) and as being group-focused rather than as placing a lot of emphasis on individual values, whereas North American and Western European societies, are thought to focus more on individualistic values, including personal agency and autonomy (Chao, 2001).
The results of structural equation modeling procedures supported the proposed structural relationship among the fathers' parenting authority, authoritative parenting behaviors, and adolescents' autonomy. The model structure held for both Chinese adolescents and American adolescents with slight variation.

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