Background: Patients with colorectal cancer are usually treated with chemotherapy, which reduces the number of blood cells, especially white blood cells, and consequently increases the risk of infections. Some research studies have reported that aromatherapy massage affects the immune system and imp...
Background: Patients with colorectal cancer are usually treated with chemotherapy, which reduces the number of blood cells, especially white blood cells, and consequently increases the risk of infections. Some research studies have reported that aromatherapy massage affects the immune system and improves immune function by, for example, increasing the numbers of natural killer cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, there has been no report of any study which provided good evidence as to whether aromatherapy with Thai massage could improve the immune system in patients with colorectal cancer. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the use of aromatherapy with light Thai massage in patients with colorectal cancer, who have received chemotherapy, can result in improvement of the cellular immunity and reduce the severity of the common symptoms of side effects. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with colorectal cancer in Phichit Hospital, Thailand, were enrolled in a single-blind, randomised-controlled trial. The intervention consisted of three massage sessions with ginger and coconut oil over a 1-week period. The control group received standard supportive care only. Assessments were conducted at pre-assessment and at the end of one week of massage or standard care. Changes from pre-assessment to the end of treatment were measured in terms of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4 and CD8 cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio and also the severity of self-rated symptom scores. Results: The main finding was that after adjusting for pre-assessment values the mean lymphocyte count at the post-assessment was significantly higher (P=0.04) in the treatment group than in the controls. The size of this difference suggested that aromatherapy with Thai massage could boost lymphocyte numbers by 11%. The secondary outcomes were that at the post assessment the symptom severity scores for fatigue, presenting symptom, pain and stress were significantly lower in the massage group than in the standard care controls. Conclusions: Aromatherapy with light Thai massage can be beneficial for the immune systems of cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy by increasing the number of lymphocytes and can help to reduce the severity of common symptoms.
Background: Patients with colorectal cancer are usually treated with chemotherapy, which reduces the number of blood cells, especially white blood cells, and consequently increases the risk of infections. Some research studies have reported that aromatherapy massage affects the immune system and improves immune function by, for example, increasing the numbers of natural killer cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, there has been no report of any study which provided good evidence as to whether aromatherapy with Thai massage could improve the immune system in patients with colorectal cancer. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the use of aromatherapy with light Thai massage in patients with colorectal cancer, who have received chemotherapy, can result in improvement of the cellular immunity and reduce the severity of the common symptoms of side effects. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with colorectal cancer in Phichit Hospital, Thailand, were enrolled in a single-blind, randomised-controlled trial. The intervention consisted of three massage sessions with ginger and coconut oil over a 1-week period. The control group received standard supportive care only. Assessments were conducted at pre-assessment and at the end of one week of massage or standard care. Changes from pre-assessment to the end of treatment were measured in terms of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4 and CD8 cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio and also the severity of self-rated symptom scores. Results: The main finding was that after adjusting for pre-assessment values the mean lymphocyte count at the post-assessment was significantly higher (P=0.04) in the treatment group than in the controls. The size of this difference suggested that aromatherapy with Thai massage could boost lymphocyte numbers by 11%. The secondary outcomes were that at the post assessment the symptom severity scores for fatigue, presenting symptom, pain and stress were significantly lower in the massage group than in the standard care controls. Conclusions: Aromatherapy with light Thai massage can be beneficial for the immune systems of cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy by increasing the number of lymphocytes and can help to reduce the severity of common symptoms.
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문제 정의
However, there is no specific evidence that aromatherapy massage or Thai massage improves immune system functioning in colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the use of aromatherapy with light Thai massage in chemotherapy patients with colorectal cancer can result in improvements in cellular immunity and reduce the severity of the common symptoms.
제안 방법
All subjects in the treatment group received the same aromatherapy with light Thai massage. This involved a standardized massage of the head, neck, face, back, shoulders, arms, hands, lower legs and feet with coconut oil containing 0.05 ml of ginger oil for 45 minutes by the same skilled therapist on three occasions over one week. Before beginning the first treatment session, a 15 minute closed skin patch test with blended oil was used on the forearm of each subject to confirm that there was no acute reaction to the oil.
For the controls, only standard supportive care was used. For all subjects, the trial was conducted over a 1-week period following one of their 7-10 day cycles of chemotherapy.
, Bangkok, Thailand. The validity of the cell counts was confirmed by haematocrits performed before and after transport to the Bangkok laboratory and by testing for haemodilution using red blood cell counts before and after the massage treatment.
데이터처리
All statistical analyses were performed on an ‘intention-to-treat basis’ using Khon Kaen University SPSS software Model 17. Mean differences between treatment and control groups were tested using ANCOVA with pre-assessment values as the covariate, and 95% confidence intervals were used as indications of effect sizes. A P-value ≤0.
성능/효과
, 2005) was a Japanese preliminary cross-over trial with 11 healthy volunteers to compare aromatherapy massage with massage using only a carrier oil. The results showed statistically significant increases in lymphocytes, CD8, and CD16 after aromatherapy massage, but not after massage with only the carrier oil. In the fifth study (Hernandez-Reif et al.
Since blood cell counts may change due to haemodilution or haemoconcentration caused by massage, the cell counts measured after the massage therapy session were calibrated as if Hct values after massage were the same as those before the massage. Differences in Hct and RBC counts between pre- and post-massage sessions were analyzed by using paired t-tests, and no statistically significant differences were found. These results are shown in Table 2.
Fewer than 5% of patients reported stress/ anxiety or depression as a presenting symptom. The postassessment ratings adjusted for pre-assessment ratings were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group for fatigue (mean difference=-1.3, 95% CI:-1.9, -0.8, P=0.001), presenting symptom (mean difference=-1.3, 95% CI:-1.8, -0.8, P=0.001), pain (mean difference=-1.2, 95% CI:-1.8, -0.89, P=0.001) and stress/ anxiety (mean difference=-0.4, 95% CI:-1.2, -0.1, P=0.03). However, there was no significant difference between two groups for nausea (mean difference=-0.
In conclusion, aromatherapy with light Thai massage can be beneficial for the immune systems of cancer patients, who are undergoing chemotherapy by increasing the number of lymphocytes and can help to reduce the severity of common symptoms. A further larger scale trial is recommended to confirm and extend the findings of the present study.
후속연구
An important limitation of the present study was the lack of any follow-up assessment to investigate the persistence of treatment effects after the end of the oneweek trial. A further larger and more extensive study is required to determine longer term outcomes and also the effects of different masseurs (only one was used), treatment periods longer than one week, and different concentrations of essential oils.
In conclusion, aromatherapy with light Thai massage can be beneficial for the immune systems of cancer patients, who are undergoing chemotherapy by increasing the number of lymphocytes and can help to reduce the severity of common symptoms. A further larger scale trial is recommended to confirm and extend the findings of the present study.
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