[논문]항생제 대체 천연물질을 위한 아로니아 주정 추출물 개발에 있어 다양한 Leuconostoc mesenteroides 균주를 이용한 발효가 페놀계 화합물 및 항산화활성 변화에 미치는 영향

황주환; 강주희; 이기환; 이재훈; 이상무; 김남형; 김주영; 김은중

doi:10.11625/kjoa.2014.22.4.825

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Antioxidant activity is important for reducing oxidative stress that causes various metabolic disorders. Metabolic disorders are highly related to loss of productivity in livestock. Therefore, development of effective antioxidant compounds originating from plants is important for organic agriculture...

Antioxidant activity is important for reducing oxidative stress that causes various metabolic disorders. Metabolic disorders are highly related to loss of productivity in livestock. Therefore, development of effective antioxidant compounds originating from plants is important for organic agriculture. Phenolic compounds in edible plants are regarded as major components relevant to antioxidant activity. The present study investigated the changes in antioxidant activity and phenolic compound profiles of Aronia (Aronia meloncarpa) by fermentation using different strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. A total of 5 strains of L. mesenteroides were used as starter cultures and their ${\beta}$-glucosidase activities were measured. A total of 6 experiment runs were prepared, one for control (uninoculated) and the others (inoculated) for treatments. For biological activity, antioxidant and antibacterial activities were measured. For phenolic compound profiling, TLC and HPLC analysis were performed. The strains of KACC12313 and KACC12315 showed greater enzyme activity than others. Treatment with KCCM35046 showed strong and broad antibacterial activity against to Listeria monocytogenes. Treatments with KCCM35046 and KACC12315 showed the highest total polyphenol content. The highest antioxidant activity was found in KACC12315 treatment. No remarkable alteration was found in thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. In phenolic compound profiling analysis, KCCM35046 showed notable alteration in compound area ratio compared to others and also showed the highest caffeic acid content. In chlorogenic acid, treatments with KCCM35046 and KACC12315 showed great content than others. Treatment with KACC12315 showed the greatest content of trans-ferulic acid. As a result of relative performance indexing analysis, L. mesenteroides KCCM35046 and KACC12315 were selected as the best strain for the fermentation of Aronia.

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가설 설정

This study hypothesized that when Aronia is fermented by L. mesenteroides, the β-glucosidase-producing lactic acid bacteria, phenolic compounds can be altered and thus improve its biological activity.

제안 방법

2 RPI: relative performance index was calculated with standardized values of antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and total polyphenol content from each treatment.

대상 데이터

A total of 6 experimental runs were prepared. The control was not inoculated; for spontaneous fermentation of Aronia and treatments were fermented Aronia with different strains of L.
Chemicals and medium used in this study were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Sigma Aldrich Korea) and Difco (Becton, Dickinson and Company, New Jersey, USA), respectively, unless otherwise stated. Aronia fruit was purchased at local market (Sangju city, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea).
Five strains of L. mesenteroides and four pathogenic bacteria were used. L.
mesenteroides KCCM35046 and KCTC3100 strains were purchased at Korean Culture Centre of Microorganism (Seoul, Korea) and Korean Collection for Type Cultures (Daejeon, Korea), respectively. L. mesenteroides KACC12312, KACC12313 and KACC12315 were purchased at RDA-Genebank Information Centre (Jeonju, Korea). Pathogens used were Staphylococcus aureus (wild type), Listeria monocytogenes (KACC0550), Salmonella gallinarum (ATCC9184) and Mannheimia haemolytica (wild type).
mesenteroides used were defined based on their strain identification code. L. mesenteroides KCCM35046 and KCTC3100 strains were purchased at Korean Culture Centre of Microorganism (Seoul, Korea) and Korean Collection for Type Cultures (Daejeon, Korea), respectively. L.
mesenteroides KACC12312, KACC12313 and KACC12315 were purchased at RDA-Genebank Information Centre (Jeonju, Korea). Pathogens used were Staphylococcus aureus (wild type), Listeria monocytogenes (KACC0550), Salmonella gallinarum (ATCC9184) and Mannheimia haemolytica (wild type).

데이터처리

Statistical analysis of results was performed using general linear model (GLM), and Duncan’s multiple range test was conducted when P<0.05 was declared.

성능/효과

Interestingly, even though treatment 4 showed the lowest total polyphenol (P<0.05), its antioxidant activity was high next to treatment 5. Total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities among treatments showed significantly different patterns suggesting a remarkable alteration of compounds. However, no notable alteration of compounds related to antioxidant activity were observed (Fig.
Two strains, L. mesenteroides KCCM35046 and L. mesenteroides KACC12315 showed significantly strong performances (P<0.05).

참고문헌 (12)

Archile-Contreras, A. C. and P. P. Purslow. 2011. Oxidative stress may affect meat quality by interfering with collagen turnover by muscle fibroblasts. Food Res. Int. 44: 582-588.

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Atmani, D., N. Chaher, M. Berboucha, K. Ayouni, H. Lounis, and H. Boudaoud. 2009. Antioxidant capacity and phenol content of selected Algerian medicinal plants. Food Chem. 112: 303-309.

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Brand-Williams, W., M. E. Cuvelier, and C. Berset, 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 28: 25-30.

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Ghasemzadeh, A. and H. Z. Jaafar. 2013. Profiling of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant and anticancer activities in pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) extracts from different locations of Malaysia. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 13: 341-350.
Juan, M.-Y. and C.-C. Chou. 2010. Enhancement of antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of black soybeans by solid state fermentation with Bacillus subtilis BCRC14715. Food Microbiol. 27: 586-591.

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Keles, G. and U. Demirci. 2011. The effect of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on conservation characteristics of baled triticale-Hungarian vetch silage and lamb performance. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 164: 21-28.

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Kim, S.-J., C.-M. Lee, M.-Y. Kim, Y.-S. Yeo, S.-H. Yoon, H.-C. Kang, and B.-S. Koo. 2007. Screening and characterization of an enzyme with ${\beta}$ -glucosidase activity from environmental DNA. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 17: 905-912.

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Kim, J. H., C. Auger, I. Kurita, E. Anselm, L. O. Rivoarilala, and H. J. Lee. 2013. Aronia melanocarpa juice, a rich source of polyphenols, induces endothelium-dependent relaxations in porcine coronary arteries via the redox-sensitive activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Nitric Oxide. 35: 54-64.

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Malinowska, J., K. Babicz, B. Olas, A. Stochmal, and W. Oleszek. 2012. Aronia melanocarpa extract suppresses the biotoxicity of homocysteine and its metabolite on the hemostatic activity of fibrinogen and plasma. Nutrition. 28: 793-798.

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Manach, C., A. Scalbert, C. Morand, C. Remesy, and L. Jimenez. 2004. Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am. J. Clin. Nutr, 79: 727-747.

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Masoko, P. and J. N. Eloff. 2007. Screening of twenty-four South African Combretum and Six Terminalia species (Combretaceae) for antioxidant activities. Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med. 4: 231-239.
Rodriguez, H., J. A. Curiel, J. M. Landete, de. B. las Rivas, F. L. de Felipe, and C. Gomez-Cordoves. 2009. Food phenolics and lactic acid bacteria. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 132: 79-90.

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