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아동이 지각한 어머니의 양육행동, 또래와의 관계 및 교사와의 관계가 학령 후기 아동의 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Maternal Parenting Behavior, Relationships with Friends, and Relationships with Teachers on the Subjective Well-being of Children in Late Childhood 원문보기

兒童學會誌 = Korean journal of child studies, v.36 no.6, 2015년, pp.59 - 83  

배주영 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  도현심 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  이선희 (숭실사이버대학교 아동학과) ,  신정희 (이화여자대학교 아동학과)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

This study examined the effects of maternal parenting behavior, relationships with friends, and relationships with teachers on the subjective well-being of children in late childhood. A total of 299 fifth and sixth grade students at elementary school (141 boys and 158 girls) participated in this stu...

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질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
행복의 사전적 의미는? 행복의 사전적 의미는 ‘생활에서 충분한 만족과 기쁨을 느끼어 흐뭇한 상태’(National Institute of Korean Language, 2013)로, 지난 30여 년 동안 행복에 대한 연구는 주관적 안녕감, 행복, 삶에 대한 만족도, 심리적 안녕감 등의 다양한 용어로 연구되고 있다. 특히, 긍정심리학에서의 행복은 순간적인 쾌락이 아니라 즐거운 경험을 통해 긍정적인 정서를 지속시키는 것을 의미하며(Diener, 1984), 이를 ‘주관적 안녕감(subjective well-being)’ 이라고 명명한다.
학령기 주관적 안녕감이 중요한 이유는? 행복에 대한 초창기 연구는 성인 중심 연구에 초점이 맞추어져 있었으나 최근에는 아동과 청소년에 이르기까지 점차 그 범위가 넓혀져 가고 있다. 아동이 느끼는 안녕감이나 행복감은 청소년기 및 성인기 발달의 시초가 되며, 이후 행복한 삶을 예측할 수도 있어 학령기 주관적 안녕감의 중요성이 강조되고 있다(Jose, Ryan, & Pryor, 2012; Kang, 2008). 그럼에도 불구하고, 우리나라 아동들은 입시위주 교육에서의 치열한 경쟁적 분위기로 초등학교 시기부터 학업스트레스와 같은 심리적 어려움을 겪는 경향이 있다(Kim, 2014; Oh & Sim, 2014).
부모의 양육 행동은 학령 후기 아동의 주관적 안녕감에 어떤 영향을 미치는가 살펴본 연구결과의 예는? 그러나 학령 후기 아동들을 대상으로 어머니의 양육행동이 아동의 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 연구는 매우 드문 편이다. 몇몇 관련 연구들을 살펴보면, 부모의 양육행동이 수용적이고, 통제가 낮을수록 아동의 심리적 안녕감이 높았으며, 부모의 민주적 양육행동은 아동의 긍정적 사회-심리적 적응과 관련이 있었다(Bascoe, Davies, Sturge, & Cummings, 2009; Song, 2012). 또한, 어머니의 양육행동이 애정적이고 지지적일수록, 아동의 생활만족도, 자아존중감이 높았고, 우울이나 적대감이 낮았다(Aquilino & Supple, 2001). 반면, 어머니가 아동에게 지나치게 간섭하고 규제를 하는 과잉적 양육을 하거나 무관심한 방임적 태도와 같은 부정적인 양육행동을 보일수록 아동은 주관적 안녕감을 낮게 지각하였다(Kim & Lim, 2013; Park & Lee, 2014).
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