[논문]한국 일부 대학생의 거주형태에 따른 가공식품의 선호도 및 섭취빈도

김수진; 부소영; 최미경

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.3.188

한국 일부 대학생의 거주형태에 따른 가공식품의 선호도 및 섭취빈도
Preference and the Frequency of Processed Food Intake according to the Type of Residence of College Students in Korea 원문보기

대한지역사회영양학회지 = Korean journal of community nutrition, v.20 no.3, 2015년, pp.188 - 196

김수진 (공주대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공) , 부소영 (대구대학교 식품영양학과) , 최미경 (공주대학교 식품과학부)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the eating behavior toward processed foods among college students who live in different types of residence. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study targeting a total of 476 college students living at home with their family, living in a rental house with self-boarding, living in a lodging house, and living in a dormitory. Eating behaviors, including preference and the frequency of processed food intake were surveyed and compared according to the type of residence. Results: The rate of skipping a meal was significantly higher among students who reported self-boarding than those living in other types of residences. The main reason for skipping meals was that they got up late. In the entire study population, the main reason for consuming processed food was easy-to-cook (33.8%) and the primary consideration for choosing processed food was the price (54.0%). The processed food the most favored by college students was the processed noodles; those living at home with their family or living in a dormitory preferred milk products; those living in a rental house with self-boarding or in a lodging house preferred confectionery, retort pouch, convenience food, and canned/bottled food. The frequency of processed food intake was significantly higher in the students who reported self-boarding than those living in other types of residences (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Students' preference toward processed foods differed according to their type of residence. The frequency of processed food intake was significantly higher in students who reported self-boarding indicating that the type of residence of student is associated with their choices and consumption of processed foods.

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문제 정의

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of using processed food among Korean college students according to different types of residences and to explore if the residential environment affected eating behavior toward processed food by conducting a comparative analysis of eating behavior, choices of processed food, preference and intake frequency of processed food by college students.
Definitions of the residence type used in this study for grouping subjects are as follows: living at home with their family; self-boarding in a rental house with preparing their meals by themselves; living in a lodging house which provides meals and living space; living in a dormitory which provides with a school meal plan. This study targeted college students studying in universities of similar academic ranking, located in the same area, in order to secure a pool of students from various types of residence under the conditions of similar environment and resources. The study was conducted from May 8 to August 7, 2014 through surveying healthy students enrolled in one of the two neighboring universities located in the area of Chungnam, Korea.

제안 방법

The acceptability of processed food was evaluated by using the 5-point scale: 1 point - ‘hate a lot’; 2 points - ‘dislike’; 3 points - ‘so-so’; 4 points - ‘like’; 5 points - ‘love a lot’.
Using these information, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated (weight of kilograms divided height in meters squared). The eating behavior was evaluated using the following 5 questions: the number of times of meals a day, meal time, skipping a meal, the reason of skipping a meal, and the meal they focus on. The topic on purchase of processed food was composed of 3 questions: the reason for intake of processed food, what they check when buying processed food, and place of purchase.
The study was conducted from May 8 to August 7, 2014 through surveying healthy students enrolled in one of the two neighboring universities located in the area of Chungnam, Korea. The purpose and intent of this study were explained in detail and the college students who volunteered to participate in the study were surveyed. Subjects who had a disease or were taking medications were excluded from the survey.
The questionnaire was self-administered and this process took approximately 20 minutes. The questionnaire was categorized into four topics including the general characteristics of the research subjects, their eating behavior, purchase of processed food, and preference and intake frequency of processed food. Questionnaires of the general characteristics were composed of questions asking about gender, age, height, weight, residence type, and monthly average pocket money.
This study investigated eating behavior of college students by their residence type: living at home with their family; selfboarding in a rental house with accommodating their meals by themselves; living in a lodging house which provides meals and living space; living in a dormitory with a school meal plan. The rate of skipping meals was the highest among students living in rental houses with self-boarding and the main reason for such behavior was getting up late.
This study used the questionnaire survey method, and questions used were prepared by consulting previous studies and were modified to suit the purpose of this study [3, 10, 12]. The questionnaire was self-administered and this process took approximately 20 minutes.
This study was a cross-sectional design and had several limitations which prevent generalization of results to other populations of college students. The research subjects of this study were selected in a limited location.

대상 데이터

The survey was carried out with 500 students and the respondents who might have given unfaithful responses, plural responses or no response were excluded from the study. Finally, questionnaire data from 476 participants were used for the data analysis. After being approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kongju National University (KNU_IRB_2014-8), this study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.
The average age of the subjects who participated in this study was 21.8 years; their average weight, height, and BMI were 62.2 kg, 168.2 cm, and 21.9 kg/m², respectively. The study population consisted of 47.
9 kg/m², respectively. The study population consisted of 47.1% men and 52.9% women. With regard to types of residences, 35.
This study targeted college students studying in universities of similar academic ranking, located in the same area, in order to secure a pool of students from various types of residence under the conditions of similar environment and resources. The study was conducted from May 8 to August 7, 2014 through surveying healthy students enrolled in one of the two neighboring universities located in the area of Chungnam, Korea. The purpose and intent of this study were explained in detail and the college students who volunteered to participate in the study were surveyed.
Subjects who had a disease or were taking medications were excluded from the survey. The survey was carried out with 500 students and the respondents who might have given unfaithful responses, plural responses or no response were excluded from the study. Finally, questionnaire data from 476 participants were used for the data analysis.

데이터처리

The frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation were calculated with the data obtained through the survey, using the SAS program (Ver. 9.3, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). When non-continuous variables were compared among different residence types, the significance of the difference was verified by conducting X²-test.
When continuous variables were analyzed, ANOVA test was conducted and followed by Duncan’s multiple test for the post hoc analysis.

이론/모형

Processed foods such as milk, cola, fruit drink, soybean milk, bread, and ramen were included among 30 kinds of the commonly consumed foods in the 2012 KNHANES and the same kinds of processed foods utilized in 2012 KNHANES were used in the questionnaire of this study. In this study, the processed food the most favored by college students was processed noodles, and they had a high frequency of intake of beverages.
Questionnaires of the general characteristics were composed of questions asking about gender, age, height, weight, residence type, and monthly average pocket money. Using these information, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated (weight of kilograms divided height in meters squared). The eating behavior was evaluated using the following 5 questions: the number of times of meals a day, meal time, skipping a meal, the reason of skipping a meal, and the meal they focus on.

성능/효과

The processed foods investigated mostly in this study were ready-to-eat processed foods and prepared foods/meals. In this study, the most common reason for accepting processed food was easy cooking, followed by good taste and low price. This pattern of students’ answers was similar to a previous study [10].
01). The most considered factor for buying processed food among all subjects was the price (54.0%), followed by brand awareness (16.8%) and the indication of expiration date (11.6%), nutrient content (11.1%), and food additives (6.5%). The rate of checking for prices of food was most common among those living in rental houses with self-boarding (64.
The preference for processed food and its intake frequencies were different according to the residence type of college students. The notable results were that students with self-boarding highly preferred confectionery, retort food, convenience food, and canned/bottled food, and the intake frequency of whole processed foods was the highest in general. In a previous study which investigated among college students in the same area as this study showed that the order of higher intake frequency of processed food was students living in the dormitories, living in rental houses with self-boarding and living in the lodging houses, while the intake of kimchi, vegetables, fruits, milk products and beans was the highest in students living at home with their family [19].

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