[논문]가습기살균제 참사의 진행과 교훈(Q&A)

최예용

doi:10.5668/jehs.2017.43.1.1

가습기살균제 참사의 진행과 교훈(Q&A)
Questions and Answers about the Humidifier Disinfectant Disaster as of February 2017 원문보기

韓國環境保健學會誌 = Journal of environmental health sciences, v.43 no.1, 2017년, pp.1 - 22

최예용 (환경보건시민센터, 가습기살균제참사전국네트워크, 서울대학교 보건대학원 직업환경건강연구실)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

'The worstest environment disaster', 'World's first biocide massacre', 'Home-based Sewol ferry disaster' are all phrases attached to the recent humidifier disinfectant disaster. In the spring of 2011, four of 8 pregnant women including 1 adult man passed away at a university hospital in Seoul due to breathing failure. Epidemiologic investigation conducted by the Korean CDC soon revealed the inhalation of humidifier disinfectant, which had been widely used in Korea during the winter, to be responsible for the disease. As well as lung fibrosis hardening of the lungs, other diseases including asthma, rhinitis, skin disease, liver disease, fetal disease or cancers have been researched for their relation with exposure to the products. By February 9, 2017, 5,342 cases had registered for health problems and 1,131 of them were already dead (20.8% mortality rate). Based on studies by government agencies and a telephone survey of the general population by Seoul National University and civic groups, around 20% of the general public of Korea has used these products. Since the market release of the first product by SK Chemical in 1994, over 7.1 million items from around 20 brands were sold up to 2011. Most of the products were manufactured by well-known large conglomerates such as SK, Lotte, Samsung, Shinsegye, LG, and GS, as well as some European companies including UK-based Reckitt Benckiser and TESCO, the German firm Henkel, the Danish firm KeTox, and an Irish company. Even though this disaster was unveiled in 2011 by the Korean government, the issue of the victims was neglected for over five years. In 2016, an unexpected but intensive investigation by prosecutors found that Reckitt Benckiser manipulated and concealed animal tests for its own brand and brought several university experts and company employees to court. The matter was an intense social issue in Korea from May to June with a surge in media coverage. The prosecutor's investigation and a nationwide boycott campaign organized by victims and environmental groups against Reckitt Benckiser, whose product had been used by more than 70% of victims, led to the producer's official apology and a compensation scheme. A legislative investigation organized after the April 2016 national election revealed the producers' faults and the government's responsibility, but failed to meet expectations. A special law for the victims passed the National Assembly in January 2017 and a punitive system together with a massive environmental epidemiology investigation are expected to be the only solutions for this tragedy. Sciences of medicine, toxicology and environmental health have provided decisive evidence so far, but for the remaining problems the perspectives of social sciences such as sociology and jurisprudence are highly necessary, similar to with the Minamata disease and Wonjin Rayon events. It may not be easy to follow this issue using unfamiliar terminology from medical and chemical science and the long, complicated history of the event. For these reasons the author has attempted to write this article in a question and answer format to render it easier to follow. The 17 questions are: Q1 What is humidifier disinfectant? Q2 What kind of health problems are caused by humidifier disinfectant? Q3 How many victims are there? Q4 What is the analysis of the 1,112 cases of death? Q5 What is the problem with the government's diagnostic criteria and the solution? Q6 Who made what brands? Q7 Has there been a recall? What is still on sale? Q8 Was safety not checked by any producers? Q9 What are the government's responsibilities? Q10 Is it true that these products were sold only in Korea? Q11 Why and how was it unveiled only in 2011 after 17 years of sales? Q12 What delayed the resolution of the victim issue? Q13 What is the background of the prosecutor's investigation in early 2016? Q14 Is it possible to report new victim cases without evidence of product purchase? Q15 What is happening with the victi

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핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	초음파식 가습기의 동작원리는?	가습기는 주로 겨울철에 건조한 실내에서 습도를 높이기 위해 사용한다. 가습기 물통에서 조금씩 공급되는 물을 진동판으로 잘게 쪼개서 미세한 입자형태로 공기중으로 뿜어진다(초음파식). 물통의 물은 보통 1-2일에 한번씩 보충되는데 물통 내부에 물때나 미생물이 생기기 때문에 사용자들이 물을 보충할 때 내부를 씻어내려고 하지만 구석구석 깨끗하게 청소하기가 쉽지 않다.
	가습기살균제가 인체에 흡입 및 접촉되는 과정은?	가습기 물통에서 물과 섞인 살균제는 가습기 가동과 함께 일부는 물통 속에서 살균기능을 하고, 일부는 물과 함께 가습기 밖으로 배출된다. 공기 중에서 물입자는 금방 증발되고 살균제 성분은 응결되어 미세한 나노크기의 입자로 날아 다니다가 사람이 호흡하는 과정에서 코와 입을 통해 체내로 들어온다. 일부는 피부에 달라 붙는다. 가습기는 주로 추운 겨울철 야간의 수면시간에 사용하기 때문에 방과 창문을 닫아 환기를 하지 않은 상태에서 7-8시간동안 고농도로 집중적으로 노출된다. 호흡기를 통해 체내로 유입된 살균성분은 크기가 매우 작아 기관지를 거쳐 폐 깊숙이 침투한다.1) 살균제의 일부 종류는 산소와 함께 혈액으로 유입되어 온몸으로 퍼져 나간다(Fig. 2).
	가습기의 용도는?	가습기는 주로 겨울철에 건조한 실내에서 습도를 높이기 위해 사용한다. 가습기 물통에서 조금씩 공급되는 물을 진동판으로 잘게 쪼개서 미세한 입자형태로 공기중으로 뿜어진다(초음파식).

참고문헌 (43)

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Kim HJ et al. A cluster of lung injury cases associated with home humidifier use: an epidemiological investigation. Thorax, 2014; 69(8): 703-708.

상세보기
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상세보기
Cheon JK et al., Epidemic acute interstitial pneumonia in children occurred during the early 2006s. Korean Journal of Pedictrics Vol 51, No. 4. 2006.
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Scientific committee of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. 2008 National Survey of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia in Korea. 2009; 66: 141-151

원문보기 상세보기
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Department of occupational and environmental health, Seoul National University. Opinion poll on environmental health. 2016 Dec.

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가습기살균제 참사의 진행과 교훈(Q&A)
Questions and Answers about the Humidifier Disinfectant Disaster as of February 2017 원문보기

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가습기살균제 참사의 진행과 교훈(Q&A) Questions and Answers about the Humidifier Disinfectant Disaster as of February 2017 원문보기

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가습기살균제 참사의 진행과 교훈(Q&A)
Questions and Answers about the Humidifier Disinfectant Disaster as of February 2017 원문보기