[논문]주남 습지대의 곤충다양성

안수정; 카시나스 칠루왈; 최성환; 박정규

doi:10.5656/ksae.2017.03.1.067

주남 습지대의 곤충다양성
Diversity of Insect Fauna in Junam Wetland of Korea 원문보기

한국응용곤충학회지 = Korean journal of applied entomology, v.56 no.2, 2017년, pp.135 - 145

안수정 (이랑생물환경연구소) , 카시나스 칠루왈 (경상대학교 생명과학부) , 최성환 (경북대학교 생태환경연구소) , 박정규 (경상대학교 생명과학부)

초록
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주남 습지대($6.02km^2$) 곤충상의 다양도, 우점도, 풍부도 등을 습지대 내 3곳의 습지에서 조사하였다. 조사방법으로는 육안조사와 쓸어잡기는 2010년, 말레이즈 트랩 조사는 2011년, 유아등 조사와 함정트랩 조사는 2012년에 실시하였다. 총 14목(目) 141과(科) 574종(種)의 9,269 개체 (딱정벌레목 36.3%, 나비목 21.3%, 잠자리목 13.9%)가 조사되었다. 종수(種數)로 비교해 보면, 나비목이 31.2%로 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 딱정벌레목(28.0%) 노린재목(12.9%) 순이었다. 우점종(총 조사개체에 대한 각 종의 개체수 비율)은 애넓적물땡땡이(Enochrus simulans, 7.9%), 꼬마줄물방개(Hydaticus grammicus, 4.3%), 일본잎벌레(Galerucella nipponensis, 4.1%), 연물명나방(Elophila interruptalis, 3.1%), 양봉꿀벌(Apis mellifera, 2.2%) 순이었다. 세 곳의 습지에서 조사된 딱정벌레목, 나비목, 잠자리목 곤충의 수는 매우 많았지만 세 습지 간에 차이는 없었다. 주남 습지대의 곤충다양도(H'), 풍부도(RI)는 각각 5.04, 59.10이었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A sampling survey was conducted at three reservoirs of Junam wetland ($6.02km^2$) in Korea to identify the wetland insect fauna along with their dominance, diversity, richness and evenness. Methods of monitoring were visual inspection and sweeping in 2010, Malaise trapping in 2011, light trapping and pitfall trapping in 2012. In total, 9,269 individuals (36.3% coleopterans, 21.3% lepidopterans and 13.9% odonates) were collected, belonging to 574 species, 141 families and 14 orders. For the number of species, lepidopterans shared the highest (31.2%), followed by coleopterans (28.0%) and hemipterans (12.9%). Dominant species were Enochrus simulans (Coleoptera) (7.9% of total individuals) followed by Hydaticus grammicus (Coleoptera) (4.3%), Galerucella nipponensis (Coleoptera) (4.1%), Elophila interruptalis (Lepidoptera) (3.1%) and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera) (2.2%). Total counts of coleopterans, lepidopterans and odonates in the three reservoirs were quite high, but the counts were not significantly different among the reservoirs. Insect diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) of the Junam wetland were 5.04 and 59.10, respectively.

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제안 방법

In summary, this study was conducted to examine the insect diversity of Junam wetland in Korea, employing visual inspection and sweeping, light trapping, malaise trapping and pitfall trapping as the modes of sampling survey for three consecutive years during 2010 to 2012. This study proved Junam wetland as the insect diversity hotspot of Korea.
1) were marked and surveyed during May 19 to 21, June 22 to 24, July 20 to22, August 22 to 24, September 27 to 29 and October 19 to 21 in 2010. The naked eye survey was complemented with a digital camera (Nikon 300D, Tokyo, Japan) and sweep netting (mouth diameter=50 cm). Results from visual monitoring and sweeping (Ahn and Park, 2012) were re-analyzed in this study to be incorporated into the results from the following survey methods.

대상 데이터

All photographs of insects taken during transect walk were posted on the Internet site ‘Gonchung Nara Sikmul Nara - Insect and Plant Kingdom’ (http://cafe.naver.com/lovessym).
Nine survey points (3 in each reservoir) which were rich in aquatic plant species, and covered with a lot of fallen leaves were selected for aquatic insect survey. Observations were recorded on May 21, June 22, September 19 and October 10, 2010.
1. Survey sites in the Junam wetland, Korea. Three sites at each reservoir were selected for this study; J1, J2 and J3 at Junam reservoir (JR); D1, D2, and D3 at Dongpan reservoir (DR); S1, S2 and S3 at Sannam reservoir (SR).
Key of classifications by Pennak (1989), McCafferty (1981), Wiederholm (1983), Kawai (1985), Yoon (1988) and Cummins and Merritt (1996) were used to identify the catches. The identified specimens are now kept in the Erang BioEnvironment Research System (Jinju Bio-industry Promotion Foundation, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea). All photographs of insects taken during transect walk were posted on the Internet site ‘Gonchung Nara Sikmul Nara - Insect and Plant Kingdom’ (http://cafe.
This study was carried out in three reservoirs of Junam wetland (6.02 km2 ), Changwon city, Gyeongsangnam-do (35°18'46"N and 128°39'55"E), South Korea which is composed of three small interconnected reservoirs; Junam, Dongpan, and Sannam, for three consecutive years, 2010-2012 (Fig. 1).
Survey sites in the Junam wetland, Korea. Three sites at each reservoir were selected for this study; J1, J2 and J3 at Junam reservoir (JR); D1, D2, and D3 at Dongpan reservoir (DR); S1, S2 and S3 at Sannam reservoir (SR). Explanations on the reservoirs and survey points were well described by Ahn and Park (2012).
Three survey sub-points, S1 (35°19'58"N and 128°40'26"E), S2 (35°20'09"N and 128° 40'29"E) and S3 (35°20'13"N and 128°40'12"E) were selected for this survey.

성능/효과

Chilo suppressalis and Paraponyx vittalis were also collected in plenty due to the availability of paddy plantation, the host plant around the reservoirs. Crocothemis servilia mariannae was the most dominant among odonates, accounting for 171 (13.3%) of total individuals followed by Ischnura asiatica, Deielia phaon, Ischnura senegalensis and Orthetrum albistylum.
In total, 9,269 individuals representing 574 species, 141 families and 14 orders were collected from the Junam wetland (sum of Junam, Dongpan and Sannam reservoirs) (Table 1). The highest numbers of species collected were Lepidopterans (31.
The lowest number of species (283) and individuals (2,228) were found in Sannam reservoir compared with Junam (362 species and 3,667 individuals) and Dongpan reservoirs (394 species and 3,364 individuals) (Table 3). Sannam had smaller populations and fewer species of insects than the other two reservoirs.
The most dominant coleopteran species was E. simulans (21.3%) followed by H. grammicus (11.7%) and G. nipponensis (11.4%). Harmonia axyridis, a predator of aphids ranked fourth.
The most dominant species of Junam wetland was E. simulans followed by Hydaticus grammicus, Galerucella nipponensis and Elophila interruptalis (Table 2). E.
But, for individuals, coleopterans were the highest followed by lepidopterans and odonates. Total individuals from Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Odonata of Junam, Dongpan and Sannam reservoirs were very high (69.2%, 77.3%, and 66.9%, respectively) in their abundance followed by Orthoptera and Hemiptera.

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