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Korean journal of child studies = 아동학회지, v.38 no.3, 2017년, pp.75 - 90
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Objective: This study aimed to identify children's cognitive processing and performance characteristics while multiple task performance. It confirmed whether their multiple task performance and psychological refractory period (PRP) varied by task condition (stimulus onset asynchrony [SOA] and task d...
| 핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
|---|---|---|
| 심리적 불응기는 무엇인가? | 이는 첫 번째 자극의 처리 동안 두 번째 자극에 대한 처리가 이루어지지 않는 시간이 있다는 것을 반영한다. 연구자들은 다중과제 수행 시 나타나는 두 번째 자극에 대한 처리 지연 시간을 심리적 불응기(PRP)라고 명명하고, 이러한 지연 효과를 심리적 불응기(PRP) 효과라 명명하였다(Pashler, 1994; Welford, 1952). 심리적 불응기 효과는 다중과제의 수행 시 나타나는 미시적 처리 및 수행 간섭을 잘 보여주는 현상이다. | |
| 중심병목은 무엇에 핵심적인 역할을 하는가? | 이와 같이 반응선택 단계에서 일렬 처리만을 허용하는 인지적 처리 체계가 중심병목(central bottleneck) 이다. 중심병목이 시스템에 구조적으로 존재하는지(McCann & Johnston, 1992), 아니면 전략적 필요에 의해 나타나는 것인지(Logan & Gordon, 2001) 그 본질에 대해서는 의견이 분분하지만, 중심병목은 다중과제의 처리 한계와 수행 저하에 핵심적인 역할을 하는 것으로 제안되고 있다. | |
| PRP 패러다임의 장점은 무엇인가? | PRP 패러다임은 피험자들에게 서로 다른 두 자극을 0–1000ms 사이의 매우 짧은 자극간 시간차(Stimulus Onset Asynchrony [SOA])로 제시하고 이들에 각각 빠르게 반응할 것을 요구한다. 이 패러다임은 실험 절차가 체계적이고, 관련 소프트웨어를 이용하여 자극의 제시와 반응의 측정이 정확하다. 또한 과제가 단순하고 명료하다는 장점을 가진다. PRP 패러다임을 이용한 많은 연구들은 두 번째 자극이 단독으로 처리될 때보다 바로 직전에 선행 자극이 제시될 때 처리가 지연됨을 확인하였다(Arnell & Duncan, 2002;Pashler, 1994; Welford, 1952). |
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